# Dream Finders Homes, Inc. (DFH)

Informational only - not investment advice.

CIK: 0001825088
SIC: 1531 Operative Builders
SIC breadcrumb: [Construction](/division/C/) > [Building Construction General Contractors And Operative Builders](/major-group/15/) > [SIC 1531 Operative Builders](/industry/1531/)
Latest 10-K filed: 2026-02-24
SEC page: https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=1825088
Filing source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1825088/000162828026010837/dfh-20251231.htm

## At a glance

FY2025 · period end 2025-12-31 · filed 2026-02-24 · accession 0001628280-26-010837 · source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001825088.json

| Metric | Value | FY | Provenance |
| --- | ---: | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 4,322,848,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Net income | 217,197,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Assets | 3,727,484,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Free cash flow | -126,366,000 USD | 2025 | computed |
| Net margin | 5.02% | 2025 | computed |
| Revenue YoY | -2.85% | 2025 | computed |
| ROE | 15.25% | 2025 | computed |

Computed values are grepcent-computed from the verified facts above and may differ from ratios the company itself reports. Free cash flow = operating cash flow − capital expenditures. Net margin = net income ÷ revenue. Revenue YoY = FY2025 revenue ÷ FY2024 revenue − 1 (consecutive fiscal years only). ROE = net income ÷ period-end stockholders' equity.

No market price, no rating, no forecast on this site. Not investment advice.

### Peer percentile fingerprint

| Ratio | DFH | Peer median | Percentile | N |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net margin | 5.0% | 8.0% | 31 | 14 |
| Revenue growth | -2.9% | -1.9% | 38 | 14 |
| FCF margin | -2.9% | 5.1% | 8 | 14 |
| ROE | 15.2% | 12.7% | 64 | 15 |
| ROA | 5.8% | 8.0% | 29 | 15 |
| Liabilities / equity | 1.49 | 0.71 | 86 | 15 |

Percentile = share of the N covered peers reporting that ratio whose value is lower (ties counted half); computed among grepcent-covered companies in SIC industry 1531 Operative Builders, not the whole market. A higher percentile means a higher value of the ratio, not a better company. Ratios with fewer than 8 reporting peers are omitted. Latest reported values per company; fiscal periods may differ. Descriptive arithmetic - not a score, rating, or ranking.

## Selected Fundamentals
| Metric | Value | Unit | FY | Filed |
| --- | ---: | --- | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 4322848000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-24 |
| Net income | 217197000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-24 |
| Assets | 3727484000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-24 |

## Financials

Annual standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-02-24. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001825088.json. Derived margins, ratios, and free cash flow are computed from the extracted annual SEC facts.

| Metric | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | 744,292,323 | 1,133,807,000 | 1,923,910,000 | 3,342,335,000 | 3,748,586,000 | 4,449,852,000 | 4,322,848,000 |
| Net income | 39,191,266 | 79,093,000 | 121,133,000 | 262,313,000 | 295,900,000 | 335,341,000 | 217,197,000 |
| Diluted EPS | 0.00 | 0.00 | 1.27 | 2.45 | 2.79 | 3.34 | 2.14 |
| Operating cash flow | 30,428,749 | 96,911,000 | 64,972,000 | -27,623,000 | 374,234,000 | -256,648,000 | -100,574,000 |
| Capital expenditures | 2,892,130 | 2,924,000 | 2,774,000 | 5,545,000 | 4,781,000 | 25,345,000 | 25,792,000 |
| Share buybacks |  |  |  | 0.00 | 0.00 | 7,827,000 | 41,699,000 |
| Assets |  | 733,680,241 | 1,894,248,000 | 2,371,137,000 | 2,562,439,000 | 3,328,651,000 | 3,727,484,000 |
| Liabilities |  | 521,657,027 | 1,337,865,000 | 1,570,444,000 | 1,476,289,000 | 1,908,291,000 | 2,123,373,000 |
| Stockholders' equity |  |  |  |  | 924,584,000 | 1,244,922,000 | 1,424,575,000 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 50,597,392 | 43,658,000 | 227,227,000 | 364,531,000 | 494,145,000 | 274,384,000 | 234,766,000 |
| Free cash flow | 27,536,619 | 93,987,000 | 62,198,000 | -33,168,000 | 369,453,000 | -281,993,000 | -126,366,000 |

### Ratios

ROE and ROA use period-end equity/assets. Liabilities / equity uses total liabilities divided by stockholders' equity. Current ratio uses current assets divided by current liabilities when both are reported.

| Metric | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net margin | 5.27% | 6.98% | 6.30% | 7.85% | 7.89% | 7.54% | 5.02% |
| Return on equity |  |  |  |  | 32.00% | 26.94% | 15.25% |
| Return on assets |  | 10.78% | 6.39% | 11.06% | 11.55% | 10.07% | 5.83% |
| Liabilities / equity |  |  |  |  | 1.60 | 1.53 | 1.49 |

## As-reported value updates

No tracked differences above grepcent's stated thresholds and capped precision rule were found between the earliest XBRL-filed value and the value currently on file for the standardized annual metrics grepcent tracks.


## Quarterly

Quarterly standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-07-30. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001825088.json.

Flow metrics use discrete quarter-length periods from 10-Q/10-Q/A filings. Q4 revenue and net income are derived only when annual FY and nine-month YTD facts exist for the same fiscal year; derived Q4 values are labeled. EPS Q4 is not derived.

| Quarter | End date | Revenue | Net income | Diluted EPS | Method |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- |
| 2022-Q3 | 2022-09-30 |  |  | 0.64 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q1 | 2023-03-31 |  |  | 0.45 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q2 | 2023-06-30 |  |  | 0.65 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q3 | 2023-09-30 | 895,830,000 | 76,097,000 | 0.75 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q4 | 2023-12-31 | 1,137,997,000 | 101,950,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2024-Q1 | 2024-03-31 | 827,800,000 | 54,494,000 | 0.55 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q2 | 2024-06-30 | 1,055,747,000 | 80,943,000 | 0.81 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q3 | 2024-09-30 | 1,006,869,000 | 70,651,000 | 0.70 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q4 | 2024-12-31 | 1,560,752,000 | 129,253,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2025-Q1 | 2025-03-31 | 989,871,000 | 54,903,000 | 0.54 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q2 | 2025-06-30 | 1,150,505,000 | 56,580,000 | 0.56 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q3 | 2025-09-30 | 969,804,000 | 46,997,000 | 0.47 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q4 | 2025-12-31 | 1,212,668,000 | 58,717,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2026-Q1 | 2026-03-31 | 887,839,000 | 13,256,000 | 0.11 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2026-Q2 | 2026-06-30 | 1,063,424,000 | 27,721,000 | 0.27 | reported discrete quarter |

## Filed narrative (10-K & 10-Q)

## Business

Verbatim Item 1 Business section from DFH's latest 10-K: [/company/DFH/business/](/company/DFH/business/).

## Risk Factors

Verbatim Item 1A Risk Factors from DFH's latest 10-K: [/company/DFH/risk-factors/](/company/DFH/risk-factors/).

## Latest quarter (10-Q)

Latest 10-Q source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1825088/000162828026050969/dfh-20260630.htm

Extracted structurally from real Item 2 body heading to real Item 3/4 boundary.
Confidence: high
Filing date: 2026-07-30
Report date: 2026-06-30

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the accompanying financial statements and related notes thereto. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Dream Finders,” “DFH,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Dream Finders Homes, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Business Overview and Outlook

We design, build and sell homes primarily in high-growth markets using our asset-light lot acquisition strategy. Our primary focus is on constructing and selling single-family homes across entry-level, first-time move-up, second-time move-up and active adult markets, and we also sell homes to third-party investors that intend to lease the homes (“built-for-rent contracts”). To fully serve our homebuyers and capture ancillary business opportunities, we have financial services operations that offer mortgage banking solutions and title insurance—inclusive of agency and underwriting services. Additionally, we offer homeowners insurance and adjacent products to homebuyers.

The most significant challenge facing homebuyers across our markets continues to be affordability, especially at entry-level price points, as persistently elevated mortgage interest rates and broader macroeconomic uncertainty pressure consumer confidence. To address this, we have continued to align our product offerings and pricing to current market conditions and drive sales activity through targeted incentives, including mortgage rate buydowns.

These measures have weighed on margins and profitability, and may continue to do so in the near term as we navigate the balance between pricing, incentives and sales pace in a competitive and evolving environment. Demand across our communities remains particularly sensitive to fluctuations in mortgage interest rates and broader economic conditions.

Our focus remains on advancing our land-light strategy, enhancing operational efficiencies and delivering homes that address customer needs and set us apart in our markets. Although longer-term housing fundamentals remain favorable, including constrained supply, near-term results may continue to be shaped by macroeconomic conditions and interest rate movements.

Recent Developments

Reincorporation to the State of Texas

The Company completed its reincorporation to the state of Texas by conversion from the state of Delaware on June 9, 2026 (the “Effective Date”). As a result of the reincorporation by conversion, the rights of holders of the Company’s Class A common stock are governed by the Texas Business Organizations Code and the Company’s certificate of formation and bylaws as of the Effective Date. The Company’s Class A common stock continues to be traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “DFH.”

Appointment of Chief Operating Officer

On June 1, 2026, Clint Szubinski was appointed as our Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Szubinski has assumed responsibility for directing the strategic vision and operational performance of the Company. Doug Moran, National President, will continue to provide guidance and support for the ongoing success and growth of Dream Finders Homes.

Appointment of Directors

Effective on July 13, 2026, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of the Company appointed Richard Beckwitt and Steven Fischer to serve as directors on the Board. The Board appointed Mr. Beckwitt as Co-Chairman of the Board, sharing Board responsibilities with Patrick Zalupski, President and Chief Executive Officer, who serves as the other Co-Chairman. The Board appointed Mr. Fischer as a member of the Audit Committee.

23

Table of Contents

Results of Consolidated Operations

The following table summarizes our results of operations and other financial data (in thousands, except per share amounts and percentages) for the periods indicated:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","Three Months Ended June 30,","","Six Months Ended June 30,"],["","","2026","","2025","","2026","","2025"],["Income before taxes:"],["Homebuilding","","$","18,057","","","$","61,096","","","$","33,345","","","$","123,800"],["Financial services","","11,986","","","11,949","","","21,055","","","18,527"],["Other(1)","","6,803","","","1,019","","","1,252","","","2,902"],["Income before taxes","","36,846","","","74,064","","","55,652","","","145,229"],["Income tax expense","","(9,002)","","","(17,525)","","","(14,248)","","","(33,680)"],["Net income","","27,844","","","56,539","","","41,404","","","111,549"],["Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests","","(123)","","","41","","","(427)","","","(66)"],["Net income attributable to Dream Finders Homes, Inc.","","$","27,721","","","$","56,580","","","$","40,977","","","$","111,483"],["Other Financial Data:"],["Basic EPS(2)","","$","0.27","","","$","0.57","","","$","0.37","","","$","1.12"],["Diluted EPS(2)","","$","0.27","","","$","0.56","","","$","0.37","","","$","1.10"],["Selling, general and administrative expense %(3)","","12.8","%","","12.3","%","","13.0","%","","12.1","%"],["EBITDA (in thousands)(4)","","$","100,377","","","$","133,745","","","$","171,189","","","$","250,290"],["EBITDA margin %(4)(5)","","9.4","%","","11.6","%","","8.8","%","","11.7","%"],["Return on participating equity(6)","","","","","","9.6","%","","25.0","%"],["Balance Sheet Data (as of period end):"],["Cash and cash equivalents","","","","","","$","203,494","","","$","210,320"],["Revolving credit facility and other borrowings","","","","","","1,037,986","","","1,140,353"],["Senior unsecured notes, net","","","","","","592,342","","","295,712"],["Mortgage warehouse facilities","","","","","","186,785","","","144,287"],["Total mezzanine equity","","","","","","178,039","","","178,039"],["Total Dream Finders Homes, Inc. stockholders\u2019 equity","","","","","","1,431,903","","","1,334,095"],["Total equity","","","","","","1,433,827","","","1,335,686"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

(1)Represents amounts within our corporate component.

(2)Refer to Note 13, Earnings Per Share to the condensed consolidated financial statements for disclosures related to the calculation of earnings per share (“EPS”). Diluted shares were calculated by using the treasury stock method for stock grants and the if-converted method for the redeemable preferred stock and the associated preferred dividends.

(3)Selling, general and administrative expense (“SG&A”) of the consolidated Company calculated as a percentage of homebuilding revenues.

(4)EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a definition of this non-GAAP financial measure and a reconciliation to our most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, see “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

(5)Calculated as a percentage of total revenues.

(6)Return on participating equity is calculated as net income attributable to DFH, less redeemable preferred stock dividends, divided by average beginning and ending total Dream Finders Homes, Inc. stockholders’ equity (“participating equity”) for the trailing twelve months.

Net Income. In addition to the operational results by segment discussed below, for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, consolidated net income included $9 million and $8 million, respectively, of gains on equity securities, primarily attributable to unrealized gains from changes in fair value.

24

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Results of Homebuilding Operations

Three Months Ended June 30, 2026 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2025

The following table sets forth our results of homebuilding operations and other financial data (in thousands, except for percentages), as well as other operating data for the periods indicated:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","Three Months Ended June 30,"],["","","2026","","2025","","Change","","% Change"],["Homebuilding revenues","","$","1,007,144","","","$","1,099,580","","","$","(92,436)","","","(8)","%"],["Homebuilding cost of sales","","863,782","","","917,871","","","(54,089)","","","(6)","%"],["Selling, general and administrative expense","","124,642","","","133,853","","","(9,211)","","","(7)","%"],["Contingent consideration revaluation","","\u2014","","","(12,706)","","","12,706","","","(100)","%"],["Other expense (income), net","","663","","","(534)","","","1,197","","","(224)","%"],["Income before taxes of homebuilding operations","","$","18,057","","","$","61,096","","","$","(43,039)","","","(70)","%"],["Other Financial and Operating Data:"],["Home closings","","2,290","","","2,232","","","58","","","3","%"],["Average sales price of homes closed(1)","","$","438,171","","","$","481,027","","","$","(42,856)","","","(9)","%"],["Net sales","","2,232","","","1,938","","","294","","","15","%"],["Cancellation rate","","11.1","%","","14.0","%","","(2.9)","%","","(21)","%"],["Homebuilding gross margin(2)","","$","143,362","","","$","181,709","","","$","(38,347)","","","(21)","%"],["Homebuilding gross margin %(2)(3)","","14.2","%","","16.5","%","","(2.3)","%","","(14)","%"],["Adjusted homebuilding gross margin(4)","","$","243,735","","","$","285,162","","","$","(41,427)","","","(15)","%"],["Adjusted homebuilding gross margin %(3)(4)","","24.2","%","","25.9","%","","(1.7)","%","","(7)","%"],["Homebuilding selling, general and administrative expense %(5)","","12.4","%","","12.2","%","","0.2","%","","2","%"],["Active communities as of period end(6)","","353","","","271","","","82","","","30","%"],["Backlog - units","","2,319","","","2,513","","","(194)","","","(8)","%"],["Backlog - value (in thousands)","","$","1,154,203","","","$","1,200,875","","","$","(46,672)","","","(4)","%"],["Net homebuilding debt to net capitalization(4)","","46.5","%","","44.5","%","","2.0","%","","4","%"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

(1)Average sales price of homes closed is calculated based on homebuilding revenues, adjusted for the impact of percentage of completion revenues, excluding deposit forfeitures and land sales, over homes closed.

(2)Homebuilding gross margin is homebuilding revenues less homebuilding cost of sales.

(3)Calculated as a percentage of homebuilding revenues.

(4)Adjusted homebuilding gross margin and net homebuilding debt to net capitalization are non-GAAP financial measures. For definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations to our most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, see “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

(5)Selling, general and administrative expense of homebuilding operations (“Homebuilding SG&A”) calculated as a percentage of homebuilding revenues.

(6)A community becomes active once the model is completed or the community has its fifth net sale. A community becomes inactive when it has fewer than five homesites remaining to sell.

25

Table of Contents

The following tables summarize home closings and average sales price (“ASP”) of homes closed by homebuilding segment and active communities, for and as of the periods indicated, respectively:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","Three Months Ended June 30, 2026","","As of June 30, 2026"],["Segment","","Home Closings","","ASP","","Active Communities"],["Southeast","","889","","$","431,960","","","115"],["Mid-Atlantic","","715","","372,812","","","90"],["Midwest","","686","","514,341","","","148"],["Total","","2,290","","$","438,171","","","353"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","Three Months Ended June 30, 2025","","As of June 30, 2025"],["Segment","","Home Closings","","ASP","","Active Communities"],["Southeast","","842","","$","438,549","","","104"],["Mid-Atlantic","","600","","444,571","","","72"],["Midwest","","790","","553,989","","","95"],["Total","","2,232","","$","481,027","","","271"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

The following table presents income before taxes (in thousands) and homebuilding gross margin (or “gross margin”) percentage by segment for the periods indicated:

[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]

## Latest 10-K MD&A (excerpt)

Latest 10-K Item 7 source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1825088/000162828026010837/dfh-20251231.htm
Complete FY 2025 MD&A: /company/DFH/mda/fy2025/

Extracted structurally from real Item 7 body heading to real Item 7A/8 boundary.
Confidence: high
Filing date: 2026-02-24
Report date: 2025-12-31

ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the accompanying financial statements and related notes thereto. Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “Dream Finders,” “DFH,” “the Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Dream Finders Homes, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is intended to help the reader understand our business, operations and present business environment and is provided as a supplement to, and should be read together with the sections entitled “Risk Factors,” and the financial statements and the accompanying notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. In addition, the statements in this discussion and analysis regarding outlook, our expectations regarding the performance of our business, anticipated financial results and liquidity are forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties described in “Forward-Looking Statements” and in “Risk Factors” above. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements."

Business Overview and Outlook

We design, build and sell homes primarily in high-growth markets using our asset-light lot acquisition strategy. Our primary focus is on constructing and selling single-family homes across entry-level, first-time move-up, second-time move-up and active adult markets, as well as homes under built-for-rent contracts. To fully serve our homebuyers and capture ancillary business opportunities, we have financial services operations that offer mortgage banking solutions and title insurance—inclusive of agency and underwriting services. Additionally, we offer homeowners insurance and adjacent products to homebuyers.

Homebuyers across our markets continue to face significant affordability challenges, especially in entry-level price points. These challenges have been exacerbated by macroeconomic uncertainty and have resulted in a decline in consumer confidence. Considering this backdrop, we remain focused on providing competitive pricing relative to market demand, predominately through providing mortgage buydown commitments and incentives that align with each sales cycle.

While we face intense competition as well as macroeconomic and political headwinds in the short term, we are committed to our land-light strategy, our operational improvements and to building a high-quality, affordable product that meets our customers’ needs and differentiates us in our markets. Our long-term outlook remains positive; we are optimistic about future housing demand, especially given the undersupply of homes in the U.S.

37

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Recent Developments

Sawgrass Marriott

In the fourth quarter of 2025, we entered into a strategic partnership to acquire the Sawgrass Marriott Golf Resort & Spa in Ponte Vedra Beach, Florida, a 66-acre parcel adjacent to the renowned PLAYERS Stadium Course at TPC Sawgrass. This partnership provides opportunities to expand our lot pipeline and supports our future growth and profitability.

38

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Results of Consolidated Operations

The following table summarizes our results of operations and other financial data (in thousands, except per share amounts and percentages) for the periods indicated:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","Year Ended December 31,"],["","2025","","2024"],["Income before taxes:"],["Homebuilding","$","241,575","","","$","399,783"],["Financial services","35,023","","","31,308"],["Other(1)","7,504","","","6,763"],["Income before taxes","284,102","","","437,854"],["Income tax expense","(66,698)","","","(97,272)"],["Net income","217,404","","","340,582"],["Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests","(207)","","","(5,241)"],["Net income attributable to Dream Finders Homes, Inc.","$","217,197","","","$","335,341"],["Other Financial Data:"],["Basic EPS(2)","$","2.19","","","$","3.44"],["Diluted EPS(2)","$","2.14","","","$","3.34"],["EBITDA (in thousands)(3)","$","493,688","","","$","629,750"],["EBITDA margin %(3)(4)","11.4","%","","14.2","%"],["Return on participating equity(5)","15.3","%","","29.7","%"],["Balance Sheet Data (as of period end):"],["Cash and cash equivalents","$","234,766","","","$","274,384"],["Revolving credit facility and other borrowings","822,296","","","701,386"],["Senior unsecured notes, net","591,060","","","295,049"],["Mortgage warehouse facilities","192,837","","","289,617"],["Total mezzanine equity","178,039","","","169,951"],["Total Dream Finders Homes, Inc. stockholders\u2019 equity","1,424,575","","","1,244,922"],["Total equity","1,426,072","","","1,250,409"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

(1)Represents amounts within our corporate component (“Corporate”).

(2)Refer to Note 15, Earnings Per Share to our consolidated financial statements for disclosures related to the calculation of earnings per share (“EPS”). Diluted shares were calculated by using the treasury stock method for stock grants and the if-converted method for the redeemable preferred stock and the associated preferred dividends.

(3)EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure. For a definition of this non-GAAP financial measure and a reconciliation to our most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, see “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

(4)Calculated as a percentage of total revenues.

(5)Return on participating equity is calculated as net income attributable to DFH, less redeemable preferred stock distributions, divided by average beginning and ending total Dream Finders Homes, Inc. stockholders’ equity (“participating equity”) for the trailing twelve months.

39

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Results of Homebuilding Operations

The following table sets forth our results of homebuilding operations and other financial data (in thousands, except for percentages), as well as other operating data for the periods indicated:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","Year EndedDecember 31,"],["","2025","","2024","","Change","","% Change"],["Homebuilding revenues","$","4,145,347","","","$","4,397,877","","","$","(252,530)","","","(6)","%"],["Homebuilding cost of sales","3,423,354","","","3,591,483","","","(168,129)","","","(5)","%"],["Selling, general and administrative expense","483,628","","","394,548","","","89,080","","","23","%"],["Loss (income) from unconsolidated entities","1","","","(433)","","","434","","","(100)","%"],["Contingent consideration revaluation","(9,820)","","","13,939","","","(23,759)","","","(170)","%"],["Other expense (income), net","6,609","","","(1,443)","","","8,052","","","(558)","%"],["Income before taxes of homebuilding operations","$","241,575","","","$","399,783","","","$","(158,208)","","","(40)","%"],["Other Financial and Operating Data:"],["Home closings","8,608","","","8,583","","","25","","","\u2014","%"],["Average sales price of homes closed(1)","$","477,917","","","$","509,249","","","$","(31,332)","","","(6)","%"],["Net sales","7,747","","","6,727","","","1,020","","","15","%"],["Cancellation rate","13.5","%","","16.6","%","","(3.1)","%","","(19)","%"],["Homebuilding gross margin(2)","$","721,993","","","$","806,394","","","$","(84,401)","","","(10)","%"],["Homebuilding gross margin %(2)(3)","17.4","%","","18.3","%","","(0.9)","%","","(5)","%"],["Adjusted homebuilding gross margin(4)","$","1,098,694","","","$","1,186,019","","","$","(87,325)","","","(7)","%"],["Adjusted homebuilding gross margin %(3)(4)","26.5","%","","27.0","%","","(0.5)","%","","(2)","%"],["Selling, general and administrative expense %(3)","11.7","%","","9.0","%","","2.7","%","","30","%"],["Active communities as of period end(5)","313","","","242","","","71","","","29","%"],["Backlog - units","1,839","","","2,599","","","(760)","","","(29)","%"],["Backlog - value (in thousands)","$","821,292","","","$","1,304,463","","","$","(483,171)","","","(37)","%"],["Net homebuilding debt to net capitalization(4)","41.8","%","","33.7","%","","8.1","%","","24","%"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

(1)Average sales price of homes closed is calculated based on homebuilding revenues, adjusted for the impact of percentage of completion revenues, and excluding deposit forfeitures and land sales, over homes closed.

(2)Homebuilding gross margin is homebuilding revenues less homebuilding cost of sales.

(3)Calculated as a percentage of homebuilding revenues.

(4)Adjusted homebuilding gross margin and net homebuilding debt to net capitalization are non-GAAP financial measures. For definitions of these non-GAAP financial measures and reconciliations to our most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP, see “—Non-GAAP Financial Measures.”

(5)A community becomes active once the model is completed or the community has its fifth net sale. A community becomes inactive when it has fewer than five homesites remaining to sell.

40

Table of Contents

The following tables summarize home closings and average sales price (“ASP”) of homes closed by homebuilding segment for the year ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, as well as active communities as of December 31, 2025 and 2024:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","Year Ended December 31, 2025","","As of December 31, 2025"],["Segment","","Home Closings","","ASP","","Active Communities"],["Southeast","","3,126","","","$","447,667","","","103"],["Mid-Atlantic","","2,463","","","426,375","","","77"],["Midwest","","3,019","","","551,290","","","133"],["Total","","8,608","","","$","477,917","","","313"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","Year Ended December 31, 2024","","As of December 31, 2024"],["Segment","","Home Closings","","ASP","","Active Communities"],["Southeast","","2,838","","$","484,345","","","67"],["Mid-Atlantic","","2,594","","446,667","","","59"],["Midwest","","3,151","","583,198","","","116"],["Total","","8,583","","$","509,249","","","242"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

The following table presents income before taxes (in thousands) and homebuilding gross margin (or “gross margin”) percentage by segment for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","","Year Ended December 31,"],["","","2025","","2024"],["Segment","","Income Before Taxes","","Gross Margin %","","Income Before Taxes","","Gross Margin %"],["Southeast","","$","93,177","","","18.6","%","","$","130,776","","","19.1","%"],["Mid-Atlantic","","59,403","","","18.3","%","","121,585","","","19.6","%"],["Midwest","","88,995","","","15.8","%","","147,422","","","17.0","%"],["Total","","$","241,575","","","17.4","%","","$","399,783","","","18.3","%"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

Homebuilding Revenues. The decrease in homebuilding revenues was primarily attributable to a lower consolidated ASP of homes closed, which decreased 6% when comparing the year ended December 31, 2025 to the year ended December 31, 2024, largely due to the increased use of sales incentives by $35 million and, to a lesser extent, changes in product mix during the year. This reduction in homebuilding revenues was partially offset by an increase in home closings of 25 homes for the year ended December 31, 2025 to 8,608 from 8,583 home closings for the year ended December 31, 2024. The January 2025 Liberty Communities acquisition contributed 744 home closings with an ASP of $335,446 during the year ended December 31, 2025.

Homebuilding Gross Margin. The lower homebuilding gross margin was primarily due to the decrease in consolidated ASP of homes closed, partially offset by the slight increase in home closings for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease in homebuilding gross margin as a percentage of homebuilding revenues when comparing the years ended December 31, 2025 and

[Excerpt truncated for page length; the complete text is on the linked full-MD&A page.]

Read the full FY 2025 MD&A: /company/DFH/mda/fy2025/
All MD&A years: /company/DFH/mda/


## MD&A history

Prior-year 10-K MD&A spans are extracted from SEC filings with the same bounded parser used for the latest filing. Each year's full verbatim text is on its own sub-page.

- [FY 2024 MD&A](/company/DFH/mda/fy2024/): filed 2025-02-25; accession 0001825088-25-000014 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1825088/000182508825000014/dfh-20241231.htm)
- [FY 2023 MD&A](/company/DFH/mda/fy2023/): filed 2024-02-29; accession 0001825088-24-000015 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1825088/000182508824000015/dfh-20231231.htm)
- [FY 2022 MD&A](/company/DFH/mda/fy2022/): filed 2023-03-02; accession 0001825088-23-000011 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1825088/000182508823000011/dfh-20221231.htm)
- [FY 2021 MD&A](/company/DFH/mda/fy2021/): filed 2022-03-16; accession 0001140361-22-009752 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1825088/000114036122009752/brhc10035061_10k.htm)




## Macro cross-references

Indicators mapped to this company's SIC classification (industry 1531 Operative Builders) by grepcent's deterministic macro-sector crosswalk. A navigational mapping, not a statistical or causal claim.

- [HOUST](/indicator/HOUST/): New Privately-Owned Housing Units Started: Total Units
- [PERMIT](/indicator/PERMIT/): New Privately-Owned Housing Units Authorized in Permit-Issuing Places: Total Units
- [DGS10](/indicator/DGS10/): Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 10-Year Constant Maturity
- [FEDFUNDS](/indicator/FEDFUNDS/): Federal Funds Effective Rate

Macro-to-micro threads including this sector: [Growth & output](/thread/growth-output/), [Housing & construction](/thread/housing-construction/), [Sector employment](/thread/sector-employment/).

All macro indicators: /indicators/


## For LLMs & downloads

Markdown twin: /company/DFH.md · JSON record: /company/DFH.json · verified financials: /company/DFH/financials.json / /company/DFH/financials.csv · machine TOC for the whole site: /llms.txt