# DIGITAL REALTY TRUST, INC. (DLR) FY 2024 MD&A Verbatim Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis from DIGITAL REALTY TRUST, INC.'s 10-K for fiscal year 2024. SEC filing source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1297996/000155837025001424/dlr-20241231x10k.htm Accession: 0001558370-25-001424 Filing date: 2025-02-25 Report date: 2024-12-31 Extracted structurally from real Item 7 body heading to real Item 7A/8 boundary. Confidence: high Company profile: /company/DLR/ All MD&A years: /company/DLR/mda/ Previous year: /company/DLR/mda/fy2023/ (FY 2023) Next year: /company/DLR/mda/fy2025/ (FY 2025) ITEM 7.      MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto included in Item 8. of this report and the matters described under Item 1A. Risk Factors. We make statements in this section that are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws. For a complete discussion of forward-looking statements, see the section in this report entitled “Forward-Looking Statements.” A discussion regarding our financial condition and results of operations for 2024 as compared to 2023 is presented herein. Information on 2022 is presented in graphs and other tables only to show year-over-year trends in our results of operations and operating metrics. Our financial condition for 2022 and results of operations for 2022 – and also 2022 as compared to 2023 – can be found under Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the SEC on February 23, 2024. Business Overview and Strategy Digital Realty Trust, Inc., through its controlling interest in Digital Realty Trust, L.P. and its subsidiaries, delivers comprehensive space, power, and interconnection solutions that enable its customers and partners to connect with each other and service their own customers on a global technology and real estate platform. We are a leading global provider of data center, colocation and interconnection solutions for customers across a variety of industry verticals. Digital Realty Trust, Inc. operates as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and our Operating Partnership is the entity through which we conduct our business and own our assets. Our primary business objectives are to maximize: [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(i)","sustainable long-term growth in earnings and funds from operations per share and unit;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(ii)","cash flow and returns to our stockholders and Digital Realty Trust, L.P.\u2019s unitholders through the payment of distributions; and"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(iii)","return on invested capital."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] We expect to accomplish our objectives by achieving superior risk-adjusted returns, prudently allocating capital, diversifying our product offerings, accelerating our global reach and scale, and driving revenue growth and operating efficiencies. A significant component of our current and future internal growth is anticipated through the development of our existing space held for development, acquisition of land for future development, and acquisition of new properties. We target high-quality, strategically located properties containing the physical and connectivity infrastructure that supports the applications and operations of data center and technology industry customers and properties that may be developed for such use. Most of our data center properties contain fully redundant electrical supply systems, multiple power feeds, above-standard cooling systems, raised floor areas, extensive in-building communications cabling and high-level security systems. Fundamentally, we bring together foundational real estate and innovative technology expertise around the world to deliver a comprehensive, dedicated product suite to meet customers’ data and connectivity needs. We represent an important part of the digital economy that we believe will benefit from powerful, long-term growth drivers. We have developed detailed, standardized procedures for evaluating new real estate investments to ensure that they meet our financial, technical and other criteria. We expect to continue to acquire additional assets as part of our growth strategy. We intend to aggressively manage and lease our assets to increase their cash flow. We may continue to build out our development portfolio when justified by anticipated demand and returns. 56 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ We may acquire properties subject to existing mortgage financing and other indebtedness or we may incur new indebtedness in connection with acquiring or refinancing these properties. Debt service on such indebtedness will have a priority over any cash dividends with respect to Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s common stock and preferred stock. We are committed to maintaining a conservative capital structure. Our goal is to average through business cycles the following financial ratios: 1) a debt-to-Adjusted EBITDA ratio around 5.5x, 2) a fixed charge coverage of greater than three times, and 3) floating rate debt at less than 20% of total outstanding debt. In addition, we strive to maintain a well-laddered debt maturity schedule, and we seek to maximize the menu of our available sources of capital, while minimizing the cost. Summary of 2024 Significant Activities We completed the following significant activities in 2024 as described in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements: [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","In January 2024, we:"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","o","formed a joint venture with Blackstone Inc. to develop four hyperscale data center campuses across Frankfurt, Paris and Northern Virginia. We received approximately $231 million of net proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the first phase of the joint venture and retained a 20% interest in the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data centers and recognized a loss on disposition of approximately $0.3 million. We perform the day-to-day accounting and property management functions for the joint ventures and, as such, will earn management fees; and"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","o","closed on the sale of our interest in four data centers to Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P., or Brookfield, for approximately $271 million. The sale was completed subsequent to Brookfield\u2019s November 2023 acquisition of one of our customers, Cyxtera Technologies. As a result of the sale, we recognized a total gain on disposition of approximately $200.5 million, of which $191.6 million is included within Gain on disposition of properties, net and $8.9 million is included within Equity in (loss) earnings of unconsolidated entities on our condensed consolidated income statements."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","In March 2024, we formed a joint venture with Mitsubishi Corporation, or Mitsubishi, to support the development of two data centers in the Dallas metro area. The facilities were 100% pre-leased prior to construction. We contributed the two data center buildings at a contribution value of approximately $261 million. We received approximately $153 million of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture and retained a 35% interest in the joint venture. Mitsubishi contributed such cash in exchange for a 65% interest in the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data centers and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $7.0 million. We perform the day-to-day accounting and property management functions for the joint venture and, as such, will earn a management fee."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","In April 2024, we:"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","o","expanded our existing joint venture with GI Partners with the sale to GI Partners of a 75% interest in a third facility on the same hyperscale data center campus in Chicago. We contributed the data center at a value of approximately $453 million. We received approximately $386 million of net proceeds from the contribution of our data center to the joint venture and the associated financing and retained a 25% interest in the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data center and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $172 million; and"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","o","completed the sale of an additional 24.9% interest in a data center facility in Frankfurt, Germany to DCREIT for total consideration of approximately $126 million, and DCREIT then had a 49.9% interest in the Frankfurt data center. Because the Company still controlled this asset, no gain or loss was recorded on this 49.9% interest. In connection with this transaction, DCREIT loaned the consolidated subsidiary that owns the data center approximately $80 million. In December 2024, we"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] 57 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","","closed on the sale to DCREIT of an additional 15.1% interest in a data center located in Frankfurt, Germany for approximately $77 million. The transaction valued the Frankfurt facility at \u20ac470 million or $498 million (at 100% share). Including two prior investments, DCREIT now owns a 65% interest in this Frankfurt data center. We have retained a 35% interest in the Frankfurt facility. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the Frankfurt facility and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $101 million; and"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","In May 2024, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. and Digital Realty Trust, L.P. entered into an underwriting agreement with BofA Securities, Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as representatives of the several underwriters relating to the sale of up to approximately 12.1 million shares of common stock (including approximately 1.6 million shares that the underwriters had the option to purchase, and which option was exercised in full on May 8, 2024), at a purchase price to the underwriters of $136.66 per share. The offering closed on May 10, 2024, and we received net proceeds of approximately $1.7 billion."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","In September 2024:"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","o","Digital Dutch Finco B.V., an indirect wholly owned finance subsidiary of the Operating Partnership, issued and sold \u20ac850 million aggregate principal amount of 3.875% Guaranteed Notes due 2033 (the \u201c2033 Notes\u201d). Net proceeds from the offering were approximately \u20ac843 million (approximately $933 million based on the exchange rate on September 13, 2024) after deducting managers\u2019 discounts and estimated offering expenses; and"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","o","we refinanced our Global Revolving Credit Facility and Yen Revolving Credit Facility. The Global Revolving Credit Facilities provide for borrowings up to $4.4 billion (including approximately $0.3 billion available to be drawn on the Yen Revolving Credit Facility) based on currency commitments and foreign exchange rates as of December 31, 2024. The Global Revolving Credit Facility provides for borrowings in a variety of currencies and can be increased by an additional $1.8 billion, subject to receipt of lender commitments and other conditions precedent. Both facilities mature on January 24, 2029, with two six-month extension options available."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","In November 2024, Digital Realty Trust, L.P. issued $1,150,000,000 principal amount of its 1.875% Exchangeable Senior Notes due 2029 (the \u201cExchangeable Notes\u201d). Net proceeds from the offering were approximately $1.13 billion after deducting managers\u2019 discounts and offering expenses."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","In December 2024, the second phase of the Blackstone Inc. joint venture closed on hyperscale data center campuses in Frankfurt and Northern Virginia. We received approximately $385 million of net proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the second phase of the joint venture and retained a 20% interest in the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data centers and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $44.5 million."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ 58 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Revenue Base Most of our revenue consists of rental income generated by the data centers in our portfolio. Our ability to generate and grow revenue depends on several factors, including our ability to maintain or improve occupancy rates. A summary of our data center portfolio and related square feet (in thousands) occupied (excluding space under development or held for development) is shown below. Unconsolidated portfolios shown below consist of assets owned by unconsolidated entities in which we have invested. We often provide management services for these entities under management agreements and receive management fees. These are shown as Managed Unconsolidated Portfolio. Entities for which we do not provide such services are shown as Non-Managed Unconsolidated Portfolio. [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","\u200b","As of December 31, 2024","\u200b","As of December 31, 2023"],["Region","\u200b","Data Center Buildings","Net Rentable Square Feet (1)","Space Under Active Development (2)","Space Held for Development (3)","Occupancy","\u200b","Data Center Buildings","Net Rentable Square Feet (1)","Space Under Active Development (2)","Space Held for Development (3)","Occupancy"],["North America","\u200b","101","20,004","2,775","1,025","85.5","%","\u200b","107","20,150","2,590","1,335","83.8","%"],["Europe","\u200b","106","8,836","2,833","717","77.3","%","\u200b","112","8,873","3,291","319","75.8","%"],["Asia Pacific","\u200b","11","1,577","66","289","81.2","%","\u200b","11","1,652","73","207","76.7","%"],["Africa","\u200b","12","1,704","1,422","21","82.8","%","\u200b","12","1,528","1,581","23","71.0","%"],["Consolidated Portfolio","\u200b","230","32,120","7,096","2,052","82.9","%","\u200b","242","32,203","7,535","1,884","79.8","%"],["Managed Unconsolidated Portfolio","\u200b","31","5,552","1,022","400","91.8","%","\u200b","22","3,843","364","\u2014","93.7","%"],["Non-Managed Unconsolidated Portfolio","\u200b","47","3,654","787","2,234","83.0","%","\u200b","45","3,641","571","2,246","85.3","%"],["Total Portfolio","\u200b","308","41,326","8,904","4,686","84.1","%","\u200b","309","39,688","8,470","4,130","81.7","%"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] Note: Table excludes data centers held for sale. Individual items may not add up to total due to rounding. [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(1)","Net rentable square feet represent the current square feet under lease as specified in the applicable lease agreement plus management\u2019s estimate of space available for lease based on engineering drawings. The amount includes customers\u2019 proportional share of common areas but excludes space held for the intent of or under active development."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(2)","Space under active development includes current base building and data center projects in progress, and excludes space held for development. For additional information on the current and future investment for space under active development, see \u201cLiquidity and Capital Resources\u2014Development Projects\u201d."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(3)","Space held for development includes space held for future data center development and excludes space under active development. For additional information on the current investment for space held for development, see \u201cLiquidity and Capital Resources\u2014Development Projects\u201d."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ Leasing Activities Due to the capital-intensive and long-term nature of the operations we support, our lease terms with customers are generally longer than standard commercial leases. As of December 31, 2024, our average remaining lease term was approximately five years. Our ability to re-lease expiring space at rental rates equal to or in excess of current rental rates will impact our results of operations. The subsequent table summarizes our leasing activity in the year ended December 31, 2024 (square feet in thousands): 59 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","","\u200b","","\u200b","\u200b","","\u200b","\u200b","","\u200b","","\u200b","TI\u2019s/Lease","","Weighted"],["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","Commissions","\u200b","Average Lease"],["\u200b","\u200b","Rentable","\u200b","Expiring","\u200b","New","\u200b","Rental Rate","\u200b","Per Square","\u200b","Terms"],["\u200b","\u200b","Square Feet (1)","\u200b","Rates (2)","\u200b","Rates (2)","\u200b","Changes","\u200b","Foot","\u200b","(years)"],["Leasing Activity (3)(4)","","","","\u200b","","","\u200b","","","","","\u200b","\u200b"],["Renewals Signed","","","","\u200b","","","\u200b","","","","","\u200b","\u200b"],["0 \u2014 1 MW","","2,082","\u200b","$","251","\u200b","$","264","","5.0","%","\u200b","$","1","","1.5"],[" 1 MW","","2,513","\u200b","$","129","\u200b","$","164","","27.4","%","\u200b","$","1","","5.5"],["Other (6)","","404","\u200b","$","46","\u200b","$","68","","47.1","%","\u200b","$","2","","5.4"],["New Leases Signed (5)","","\u200b","\u200b","","\u200b","\u200b","","\u200b","","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","","\u200b","","\u200b"],["0 \u2014 1 MW","","649","\u200b","","\u2014","\u200b","$","294","","\u2014","\u200b","\u200b","$","10","","3.9"],[" 1 MW","","2,581","\u200b","","\u2014","\u200b","$","302","","\u2014","\u200b","\u200b","$","\u2014","","11.6"],["Other (6)","","105","\u200b","","\u2014","\u200b","$","63","","\u2014","\u200b","\u200b","$","10","","12.2"],["Leasing Activity Summary","","\u200b","\u200b","","","\u200b","","\u200b","","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["0 \u2014 1 MW","","2,731","\u200b","","\u200b","\u200b","$","271","","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","","\u200b"],[" 1 MW","","5,094","\u200b","","\u200b","\u200b","$","234","","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","","\u200b"],["Other (6)","","509","\u200b","","\u200b","\u200b","$","67","","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","","\u200b"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(1)","For some of our properties, we calculate square footage based on factors in addition to contractually leased square feet, including power, required support space and common area."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(2)","Rental rates represent average annual estimated base cash rent per rentable square foot \u2013 calculated for each contract based on total cash base rent divided by the total number of years in the contract (including any tenant concessions). All rates were calculated in the local currency of each contract and then converted to USD based on average exchange rates for the period December 31, 2024."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(3)","Excludes short-term leases (less than 12 months)."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(4)","Commencement dates for the leases signed range from 2024 to 2025."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(5)","Includes leases signed for new and re-leased space."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(6)","Other includes Powered Base Building shell capacity as well as storage and office space within fully improved data center facilities."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ We continue to see strong demand in most of our key metropolitan areas for data center space and, subject to the supply of available data center space in these metropolitan areas, we expect average aggregate rental rates on renewed data center leases for 2025 expirations to be positive as compared with the rates currently being paid for the same space on a GAAP basis and on a cash basis. Our past performance may not be indicative of future results, and we cannot assure you that leases will be renewed or that our data centers will be re-leased at all or at rental rates equal to or above the current average rental rates. Further, re-leased/renewed rental rates in a particular metropolitan area may not be consistent with rental rates across our portfolio as a whole and may fluctuate from one period to another due to a number of factors, including local economic conditions, local supply and demand for data center space, competition from other data center developers or operators, the condition of the property and whether the property, or space within the property, has been developed. 60 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Geographic concentration ​ We depend on the market for data centers in specific geographic regions and significant changes in these regional or metropolitan areas can impact our future results. The following table shows the geographic concentration based on annualized rent from our portfolio, including data centers held as investments in unconsolidated entities. ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","","Percentage of"],["\u200b","\u200b","December 31, 2024"],["Metropolitan Area","\u200b","Total annualized rent (1)"],["Northern Virginia","","19.6","%"],["Chicago","","7.7","%"],["Frankfurt","","5.9","%"],["Dallas","","5.3","%"],["London","","5.0","%"],["Singapore","","4.6","%"],["New York","\u200b","4.4","%"],["Amsterdam","","4.0","%"],["Silicon Valley","","4.0","%"],["Sao Paulo","","3.9","%"],["Portland","","3.4","%"],["Johannesburg","","3.2","%"],["Paris","","2.9","%"],["Tokyo","","2.0","%"],["Phoenix","\u200b","1.7","%"],["Other","","22.4","%"],["Total","","100.0","%"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(1)","Annualized rent is monthly contractual rent (defined as cash base rent before abatements) under existing leases as of the end of the period presented multiplied by 12. Includes consolidated portfolio and unconsolidated entities at the entities\u2019 100% ownership level. The aggregate amount of abatements for the year ended December 31, 2024 was approximately $44.3 million."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ Operating Expenses Operating expenses primarily consist of utilities, property and ad valorem taxes, property management fees, insurance and site maintenance costs, and rental expenses on our ground and building leases. Our buildings require significant power to support data center operations and the cost of electric power and other utilities is a significant component of operating expenses. Many of our leases contain provisions under which tenants reimburse us for all or a portion of property operating expenses and real estate taxes incurred by us. However, in some cases we are not entitled to reimbursement of property operating expenses, other than utility expense, and real estate taxes under our leases for Turn-Key Flex® facilities. We expect to incur additional operating expenses as we continue to expand. Costs pertaining to our asset management function, legal, accounting, corporate governance, reporting and compliance are categorized as general and administrative costs within operating expenses. Other key components of operating expenses include: depreciation of our fixed assets, amortization of intangible assets, and transaction and integration costs. 61 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Other Income / (Expenses) Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities, gain on disposition of properties, interest expense, and income tax expense make up the majority of Other income/(expenses). Equity in earnings of unconsolidated entities represents our share of the income/(loss) of entities in which we invest, but do not consolidate under U.S. GAAP. The largest of these investments is currently our investment in Ascenty, which is located primarily in Latin America. Our second-largest equity-method investment is Digital Core REIT, which is publicly traded on the Singapore Exchange (“SGX”) and which owns a portfolio of 10 properties operating in the United States, Canada, Germany and Japan. Refer to additional discussion of Digital Core REIT and Ascenty in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Results of Operations As a result of the consistent and significant growth in our business since the first property acquisition in 2002, we evaluate period-to-period results for revenue and property level operating expenses on a stabilized versus non-stabilized portfolio basis. ​ Stabilized: The stabilized portfolio includes properties owned as of the beginning of all periods presented with less than 5% of total rentable square feet under development. Non-stabilized: The non-stabilized portfolio includes: (1) properties that were undergoing, or were expected to undergo, development activities during any of the periods presented; (2) any properties contributed to joint ventures, sold, or held for sale during the periods presented; and (3) any properties that were acquired or delivered at any point during the periods presented. A roll forward showing changes in the stabilized and non-stabilized portfolios for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to December 31, 2023 is shown below (in thousands). [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["Net Rentable Square Feet","","Stabilized","","Non-Stabilized","","Total"],["As of December 31, 2023","\u200b","22,600","\u200b","9,603","\u200b","32,203"],["New development and space reconfigurations","\u200b","(458)","\u200b","1,195","\u200b","737"],["Transfers to stabilized from non-stabilized","\u200b","2,369","\u200b","(2,431)","\u200b","(62)"],["Transfers to non-stabilized from stabilized","\u200b","(170)","\u200b","73","\u200b","(97)"],["Dispositions / Sales","\u200b","(475)","\u200b","(544)","\u200b","(1,019)"],["Acquisitions","\u200b","\u2014","\u200b","360","\u200b","360"],["As of December 31, 2024","\u200b","23,866","\u200b","8,256","\u200b","32,122"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ 62 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Comparison of the Year Ended December 31, 2024 to the Year Ended December 31, 2023 Revenues Total operating revenues as shown on our consolidated income statements was as follows (in thousands): ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","\u200b","Year Ended December 31,"],["\u200b","","2024","","2023","","$ Change","\u200b","% Change"],["Stabilized","\u200b","\u200b","4,170,449","\u200b","$","4,233,212","\u200b","$","(62,763)","\u200b","(1.5)","%"],["Non-Stabilized","\u200b","\u200b","1,312,023","\u200b","\u200b","1,196,961","\u200b","\u200b","115,062","\u200b","9.6","%"],["Rental and other services","\u200b","\u200b","5,482,472","\u200b","\u200b","5,430,173","\u200b","\u200b","52,299","\u200b","1.0","%"],["Fee income and other","\u200b","","72,496","\u200b","","46,888","\u200b","\u200b","25,608","\u200b","54.6","%"],["Total operating revenues","\u200b","$","5,554,968","\u200b","$","5,477,061","\u200b","$","77,907","\u200b","1.4","%"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ Total operating revenues increased by approximately $77.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. ​ Stabilized rental and other services revenue decreased by $62.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the same period in 2023 primarily due to: [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(i)","a decrease of $161.0 million in utility reimbursement largely driven by power price decreases, mainly in EMEA and APAC; and"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(ii)","offset by an increase of $98.2 million in new leasing and renewals across all regions."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ Non-stabilized rental and other services revenue increased $115.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2024, compared to the same period in 2023, driven primarily by: [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(i)","an increase of $375.9 million due to the completion of our global development pipeline and related lease up operating activities (with the biggest contributions in Northern Virginia, Portland, Johannesburg, Paris, New York, and Toronto); and"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(ii)","offset by a decrease of $260.8 million related to properties sold and contributed in 2023 and 2024."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] 63 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Operating Expenses — Property Level Property level operating expenses as shown in our consolidated income statements were as follows (in thousands): ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","\u200b","Year Ended December 31,"],["\u200b","","2024","","2023","","$ Change","\u200b","% Change"],["Stabilized","\u200b","$","1,020,379","\u200b","$","1,203,719","\u200b","$","(183,340)","\u200b","(15.2)","%"],["Non-Stabilized","\u200b","","313,037","\u200b","","268,117","\u200b","\u200b","44,920","\u200b","16.8","%"],["Total Utilities","\u200b","\u200b","1,333,416","\u200b","\u200b","1,471,836","\u200b","\u200b","(138,420)","\u200b","(9.4)","%"],["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["Stabilized","\u200b","\u200b","712,962","\u200b","\u200b","662,061","\u200b","\u200b","50,901","\u200b","7.7","%"],["Non-Stabilized","\u200b","","271,959","\u200b","","247,769","\u200b","\u200b","24,190","\u200b","9.8","%"],["Total Rental property operating and maintenance (excluding utilities)","\u200b","\u200b","984,921","\u200b","\u200b","909,830","\u200b","\u200b","75,091","\u200b","8.3","%"],["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["Total Rental property operating and maintenance","\u200b","\u200b","2,318,337","\u200b","\u200b","2,381,666","\u200b","\u200b","(63,329)","\u200b","(2.7)","%"],["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["Stabilized","\u200b","","159,339","\u200b","","138,141","\u200b","\u200b","21,198","\u200b","15.3","%"],["Non-Stabilized","\u200b","","41,439","\u200b","","78,264","\u200b","\u200b","(36,825)","\u200b","(47.1)","%"],["Total Property taxes and insurance","\u200b","","200,778","\u200b","","216,405","\u200b","\u200b","(15,627)","\u200b","(7.2)","%"],["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["Total property level operating expenses","\u200b","$","2,519,115","\u200b","$","2,598,071","\u200b","$","(78,956)","\u200b","(3.0)","%"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ Property level operating expenses include costs to operate and maintain the properties in our portfolio as well as taxes and insurance. ​ Total Utilities Total stabilized utilities expenses decreased by approximately $183.3 million compared to the same period in 2023 primarily due to lower power pricing at certain properties in the stabilized portfolio, mainly in EMEA and APAC. Total non-stabilized utilities expenses increased by approximately $44.9 million compared to the same period in 2023 primarily due to: [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(i)","an increase of approximately $75.9 million due to higher utility consumption in a growing portfolio of recently completed development sites (with the biggest contributions in Northern Virginia, Portland, Zurich, Cape Town and Johannesburg); the markets with the biggest contributions were Northern Virginia, Portland, Frankfurt, London and Paris);"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(ii)","a decrease in power agreement credits by $28.7 million; and"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(iii)","offset by a decrease of $59.7 million related to properties sold or contributed in 2023 and 2024."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ The cost of electric power comprises a significant component of our operating expenses. Any additional taxation or regulation of energy use, including as a result of (i) new legislation that the U.S. Congress may pass, (ii) the regulations that the U.S. EPA has proposed or finalized, (iii) regulations under legislation that states have passed or may pass, or (iv) any further legislation or regulations in EMEA, APAC or other regions where we operate could significantly increase our costs, and we may not be able to effectively pass all of these costs on to our customers. These matters could adversely impact our business, results of operations, or financial condition. Total Rental Property Operating and Maintenance (Excluding Utilities) Total stabilized rental property operating and maintenance expenses (excluding utilities) increased by approximately $50.9 million compared to the same period in 2023 primarily due to an increase in data center labor and common area maintenance expense. 64 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Total non-stabilized rental property operating and maintenance expenses (excluding utilities) increased by approximately $24.2 million compared to the same period in 2023 primarily due to higher lease and common area maintenance expense in a growing portfolio of recently completed development sites. Total Property Taxes and Insurance Total stabilized property taxes and insurance increased by approximately $21.2 million compared to the same period in 2023 due to a favorable property tax assessment at one of our North American properties realized in early 2023. Total non-stabilized property taxes and insurance decreased $36.8 million compared to the same period in 2023 primarily related to properties sold or contributed after December 31, 2023. Provision for Impairment During the year ended December 31, 2024, we recognized impairment charges of approximately $191.2 million, which is recorded as provision for impairment on the consolidated income statement. We determined that certain non-core properties in secondary U.S. markets had carrying amounts that may not be fully recoverable as we determined that we no longer intend to hold these properties long-term. Accordingly, the recorded amounts were reduced to reflect management’s estimate of fair value principally based on sales of similar properties and ongoing negotiations with third parties. During the year ended December 31, 2023, we recognized impairment charges of approximately $118.4 million, primarily due to the decline in fair value of our equity investment in DCRU, which was considered other than temporary due to the length of time and extent to which the fair value of our investment has been less than the carrying value. Other Operating Expenses Other operating expenses include costs which are either non-cash in nature (such as depreciation and amortization) or which do not directly pertain to operation of data center properties. A comparison of other operating expenses for the respective period is shown below (in thousands). ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","\u200b","Year Ended December 31,"],["\u200b","","2024","","2023","\u200b","$ Change","\u200b","% Change"],["Depreciation and amortization","","$","1,771,797","\u200b","$","1,694,859","\u200b","$","76,938","\u200b","4.5","%"],["General and administrative","\u200b","\u200b","480,023","\u200b","\u200b","449,056","\u200b","\u200b","30,967","\u200b","6.9","%"],["Transaction, integration and other expense","\u200b","","93,902","\u200b","\u200b","84,722","\u200b","\u200b","9,180","\u200b","10.8","%"],["Provision for impairment","\u200b","\u200b","191,184","\u200b","\u200b","118,363","\u200b","\u200b","72,821","\u200b","61.5","%"],["Other","\u200b","","27,083","\u200b","","7,529","\u200b","","19,554","\u200b","n/m","%"],["Total other operating expenses","\u200b","\u200b","2,563,989","\u200b","\u200b","2,354,529","\u200b","\u200b","209,460","\u200b","8.9","%"],["Total property level operating expenses","\u200b","\u200b","2,519,115","\u200b","\u200b","2,598,071","\u200b","\u200b","(78,956)","\u200b","(3.0)","%"],["Total operating expenses","\u200b","$","5,083,104","\u200b","$","4,952,600","\u200b","$","130,504","\u200b","2.6","%"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] n/m – not meaningful ​ Equity in Earnings (Loss) of Unconsolidated Entities Equity in earnings (loss) of unconsolidated entities decreased approximately $90.3 million compared to the same period in 2023. The foreign exchange remeasurement of debt associated with our unconsolidated Ascenty entity creates volatility in our equity in earnings and drove this fluctuation. 65 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Gain on Disposition of Properties, net Gain on disposition of properties, net decreased approximately $304.7 million as compared to the same period in 2023. ​ In January 2024, we closed on the sale of our interest in four data centers to Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P., or Brookfield, for approximately $271 million. As a result of the sale, we recognized a total gain on disposition of approximately $191.6 million. In March 2024, we formed a joint venture with Mitsubishi Corporation, or Mitsubishi, to support the development of two data centers in the Dallas metro area. We received approximately $153 million of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data centers and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $7.0 million. In March 2024, we also recognized a total gain of $74.4 million from the sale of an easement to a local power provider in Northern Virginia. In April 2024, we expanded our existing joint venture with GI Partners with the sale to GI Partners of a 75% interest in a third facility on the same hyperscale data center campus in Chicago. We contributed the data center at a value of approximately $453 million. We received approximately $386 million of net proceeds from the contribution of our data center to the joint venture and the associated financing and retained a 25% interest in the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data center and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $172 million. In December 2024, the second phase of the Blackstone Inc. joint venture closed on hyperscale data center campuses in Frankfurt and Northern Virginia. We received approximately $385 million of net proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the second phase of the joint venture and retained a 20% interest in the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data centers and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $44.5 million. In December 2024, we also closed on the sale to DCREIT of an additional 15.1% interest in a data center located in Frankfurt, Germany for approximately $77 million. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the Frankfurt facility and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $101 million. In May 2023, we disposed of a non-core asset, resulting in a net gain on sale of $87 million. In July 2023, we received approximately $0.7 billion of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture with GI Partners for a net gain on sale of approximately $238 million and we received approximately $1.4 billion of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture with TPG Real Estate for a net gain on sale of approximately $576 million. ​ Loss from Early Extinguishment of Debt Loss on debt extinguishment and modifications was approximately $5.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. In January 2024, we paid down $240 million on the U.S. term loan facility. The paydown resulted in an early extinguishment charge of approximately $1.0 million. In September 2024, we paid down €375 million on the Euro Term Loan Facilities, leaving €375 million outstanding. The paydown resulted in an early extinguishment charge of approximately $1.6 million. We also refinanced our Global Revolving Credit Facilities and wrote off deferred loan costs of approximately $1.1 million. In November 2024, we paid off the remaining $500 million on the U.S. term loan facility. As a result, approximately $2.2 million of deferred financing costs was written off. We had no extinguishment of debt in 2023. ​ ​ 66 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Interest Expense ​ Interest expense increased approximately $15.1 million compared to the same period in 2023 driven primarily by increased borrowings at Teraco. ​ Income Tax Expense ​ Income tax expense decreased by approximately $20.8 million as compared to the same period in 2023 due to jurisdictional rate mix in foreign jurisdictions and internal restructurings within the global group. Liquidity and Capital Resources The sections “Analysis of Liquidity and Capital Resources — Parent” and “Analysis of Liquidity and Capital Resources — Operating Partnership” should be read in conjunction with one another to understand our liquidity and capital resources on a consolidated basis. The term “Parent” refers to Digital Realty Trust, Inc. on an unconsolidated basis, excluding our Operating Partnership. The term “Operating Partnership” or “OP” refers to Digital Realty Trust, L.P. on a consolidated basis. Analysis of Liquidity and Capital Resources — Parent Our Parent does not conduct business itself, other than acting as the sole general partner of the Operating Partnership, issuing public equity from time to time, incurring certain expenses in operating as a public company (which are fully reimbursed by the Operating Partnership) and guaranteeing certain unsecured debt of the Operating Partnership and certain of its subsidiaries and affiliates. If our Operating Partnership or such subsidiaries fail to fulfill their debt requirements, which trigger Parent guarantee obligations, then our Parent will be required to fulfill its cash payment commitments under such guarantees. Our Parent’s only material asset is its investment in our Operating Partnership. Our Parent’s principal funding requirement is the payment of dividends on its common and preferred stock. Our Parent’s principal source of funding is the distributions it receives from our Operating Partnership. As the sole general partner of our Operating Partnership, our Parent has the full, exclusive and complete responsibility for our Operating Partnership’s day-to-day management and control. Our Parent causes our Operating Partnership to distribute such portion of its available cash as our Parent may in its discretion determine, in the manner provided in our Operating Partnership’s partnership agreement. As circumstances warrant, our Parent may issue equity from time to time on an opportunistic basis, dependent upon market conditions and available pricing. Any proceeds from such equity issuances would generally be contributed to our Operating Partnership in exchange for additional equity interests in our Operating Partnership. Our Operating Partnership may use the proceeds to acquire additional properties, to fund development opportunities and for general working capital purposes, including potentially for the repurchase, redemption or retirement of outstanding debt or equity securities. Digital Realty Trust, Inc. and Digital Realty Trust, L.P. were parties to an ATM Equity OfferingSM Sales Agreement dated August 4, 2023 (the “2023 Sales Agreement”). Pursuant to the 2023 Sales Agreement, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. could issue and sell common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $1.5 billion through various named agents from time to time. From January 1, 2024 through February 23, 2024, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. generated net proceeds of approximately $99 million from the issuance of approximately 0.6 million common shares under the 2023 Sales Agreement at an average price of $133.43 per share after payment of approximately $0.6 million of commissions to the agents. The proceeds from the issuances under the 2023 Sales Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2024, were contributed to our Operating Partnership in exchange for the issuance of approximately 0.6 million common units to our Parent Company. 67 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ The 2023 Sales Agreement was amended on February 23, 2024 (the “Sales Agreement Amendment”). At the time of the amendment, $258.3 million remained unsold under the 2023 Sales Agreement. Following the Sales Agreement Amendment, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. could issue and sell common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $2.0 billion through various named agents from time to time pursuant to the 2023 Sales Agreement. During the year ended December 31, 2024, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. generated net proceeds of approximately $1.9 billion from the issuance of approximately 11.4 million common shares under the 2023 Sales Agreement at an average price, net of commissions, of $166.85 per share. Commissions to the agents amounted to approximately $17.4 million. The proceeds from the issuances under the 2023 Sales Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2024, were contributed to our Operating Partnership in exchange for the issuance of approximately 11.4 million common units to our Parent Company. On December 23, 2024, our Parent and our Operating Partnership entered into a new an ATM Equity OfferingSM Sales Agreement (the “2024 Sales Agreement”), pursuant to which, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. can issue and sell common stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $3.0 billion through various named agents from time to time. The 2023 Sales Agreement was terminated in connection with entry into the 2024 Sales Agreement, and at the time of such termination, $76.5 million remained unsold under the 2024 Sales Agreement. As of December 31, 2024, $3.0 billion remains available for future sales under the 2024 Sales Agreement. The sales of common stock made under the 2024 Sales Agreement will be made in “at the market” offerings as defined in Rule 415 of the Securities Act. Our Parent has used and intends to use the net proceeds from the program to temporarily repay borrowings under our Operating Partnership’s Global Revolving Credit Facilities, to acquire additional properties or businesses, to fund development opportunities and for working capital and other general corporate purposes, including potentially for the repayment of other debt or the repurchase, redemption or retirement of outstanding debt securities. For the year ended December 31, 2023, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. generated net proceeds of approximately $1.1 billion from the issuance of approximately 8.7 million common shares under the 2023 Sales Agreement at an average price of $133.21 per share after payment of approximately $11.4 million of commissions to the agents. As of December 31, 2023, approximately $343.4 million remained available for future sales under the 2023 Sales Agreement. The proceeds from the issuances under the 2023 Sales Agreement for the year ended December 31, 2023 were contributed to our Operating Partnership in exchange for the issuance of approximately 8.7 million common units to our Parent Company. On May 7, 2024, our Parent and our Operating Partnership entered into an underwriting agreement with BofA Securities, Inc., Citigroup Global Markets Inc. and J.P. Morgan Securities LLC, as representatives of the several underwriters relating to the sale of up to approximately 12.1 million shares of common stock (including approximately 1.6 million additional shares that the underwriters had the option to purchase, and which option was exercised in full on May 8, 2024), at a purchase price to the underwriters of $136.66 per share. The offering closed on May 10, 2024, and we received net proceeds of approximately $1.7 billion. ​ We believe our Operating Partnership’s sources of working capital, specifically its cash flow from operations, and funds available under its Global Revolving Credit Facility are adequate for it to make its distribution payments to our Parent and, in turn, for our Parent to make its dividend payments to its stockholders. However, we cannot assure you that our Operating Partnership’s sources of capital will continue to be available at all or in amounts sufficient to meet its needs, including making distribution payments to our Parent. The lack of availability of capital could adversely affect our Operating Partnership’s ability to pay its distributions to our Parent, which would in turn, adversely affect our Parent’s ability to pay cash dividends to its stockholders. Future Uses of Cash — Parent Our Parent may from time to time seek to retire, redeem or repurchase its equity or the debt securities of our Operating Partnership or its subsidiaries through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity securities in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases, redemptions or exchanges, if any, will depend on prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions or other factors. The amounts involved may be material. 68 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Dividends and Distributions — Parent Our Parent is required to distribute 90% of its taxable income (excluding capital gains) on an annual basis to continue to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Our Parent intends to make, but is not contractually bound to make, regular quarterly distributions to its common stockholders from cash flow from our Operating Partnership’s operating activities. While historically our Parent has satisfied this distribution requirement by making cash distributions to its stockholders, it may choose to satisfy this requirement by making distributions of cash or other property. All such distributions are at the discretion of our Parent’s Board of Directors. Our Parent considers market factors and our Operating Partnership’s performance in addition to REIT requirements in determining distribution levels. Our Parent has distributed at least 100% of its taxable income annually since inception to minimize corporate level federal and state income taxes. Amounts accumulated for distribution to stockholders are invested primarily in interest-bearing accounts and short-term interest-bearing securities, which are consistent with our intention to maintain our Parent’s status as a REIT. As a result of this distribution requirement, our Operating Partnership cannot rely on retained earnings to fund its ongoing operations to the same extent that other companies whose parent companies are not REITs can. Our Parent may need to continue to raise capital in the debt and equity markets to fund our Operating Partnership’s working capital needs, as well as potential developments at new or existing properties, acquisitions or investments in existing or newly created joint ventures. In addition, our Parent may be required to use borrowings under the Operating Partnership’s Global Revolving Credit Facility (which is guaranteed by our Parent), if necessary, to meet REIT distribution requirements and maintain our Parent’s REIT status. Distributions out of our Parent’s current or accumulated earnings and profits are generally classified as ordinary income whereas distributions in excess of our Parent’s current and accumulated earnings and profits, to the extent of a stockholder’s U.S. federal income tax basis in our Parent’s stock, are generally classified as a return of capital. Distributions in excess of a stockholder’s U.S. federal income tax basis in our Parent’s stock are generally characterized as capital gain. Cash provided by operating activities has been generally sufficient to fund distributions on an annual basis. However, we may also need to utilize borrowings under the Global Revolving Credit Facility to fund distributions. The expected tax treatment of distributions on our Parent’s common stock and preferred stock paid in 2024 is as follows: approximately 77% ordinary income and 23% as capital gain distribution. The tax treatment of distributions on our Parent’s common stock and preferred stock paid in 2023 was as follows: approximately 40% ordinary income and 60% as capital gain distribution. The tax treatment of distributions on our Parent’s common stock paid in 2022 was as follows: approximately 59% ordinary income, 16% as capital gain distribution, and 25% as nondividend distribution. For additional information regarding dividends declared and paid by our Parent on its common and preferred stock for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, see Item 8, Note 14. “Equity and Capital” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein. 69 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Analysis of Liquidity and Capital Resources — Operating Partnership As of December 31, 2024, we had $3,870.9 million of cash and cash equivalents, excluding $5.8 million of restricted cash. Restricted cash primarily consists of contractual capital expenditures plus other deposits and is included in Other assets on our Consolidated Balance Sheets. As circumstances warrant, our Operating Partnership may dispose of stabilized assets or enter into joint venture arrangements with institutional investors or strategic partners, on an opportunistic basis dependent upon market conditions. Our Operating Partnership may use the proceeds from such dispositions to acquire additional properties, to fund development opportunities and for general working capital purposes, including the repayment of indebtedness. Our liquidity requirements primarily consist of: [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","operating expenses;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","development costs and other expenditures associated with our properties, including joint ventures;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","distributions to our Parent to enable it to make dividend payments;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","distributions to unitholders of common limited partnership interests in Digital Realty Trust, L.P.,"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","debt service; and,"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","potentially, acquisitions."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ On September 24, 2024, we refinanced our Global Revolving Credit Facility and Yen Revolving Credit Facility. The Global Revolving Credit Facilities provide for borrowings up to $4.4 billion (including approximately $0.3 billion available to be drawn on the Yen Revolving Credit Facility) based on currency commitments and foreign exchange rates as of December 31, 2024. The Global Revolving Credit Facility provides for borrowings in a variety of currencies and can be increased by an additional $1.8 billion, subject to receipt of lender commitments and other conditions precedent. Both facilities mature on January 24, 2029, with two six-month extension options available. These facilities also feature a sustainability-linked pricing component, with pricing subject to adjustment based on annual performance targets, further demonstrating our continued leadership and commitment to sustainable business practices. The Global Revolving Credit Facility provides for borrowings in a variety of currencies and includes the ability to add additional currencies in the future. We have used and intend to use available borrowings under the Global Revolving Credit Facilities to acquire additional properties, fund development opportunities and for general working capital and other corporate purposes, including potentially for the repurchase, redemption or retirement of outstanding debt or equity securities. For additional information regarding our Global Revolving Credit Facilities, see Item 8, Note 11. “Debt of the Operating Partnership” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Future Uses of Cash Our properties require periodic investments of capital for customer-related capital expenditures and for general capital improvements. Depending upon customer demand, we expect to incur significant improvement costs to build out and develop additional capacity. At December 31, 2024, we had open commitments, related to construction contracts of approximately $2.0 billion, including amounts reimbursable of approximately $102.5 million. During the year ending December 31, 2025, we expect to incur approximately $3.0 billion to $3.5 billion of capital expenditures, which includes our share of joint venture contributions and is net of partner contributions for our development programs. This amount could go up or down, potentially materially, based on numerous factors, including changes in demand, leasing results and availability of debt or equity capital. 70 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Development Projects The costs we incur to develop our properties is a key component of our liquidity requirements. The following table summarizes our cumulative investments in current development projects as well as expected future investments in these projects as of the periods presented, excluding square feet held in and costs incurred or to be incurred by unconsolidated entities. [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["Construction Projects in Progress","\u200b","As of December 31, 2024","\u200b","As of December 31, 2023"],["\u200b","\u200b","Current","\u200b","Future","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","Current","\u200b","Future","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["(in thousands)","","Investment (1)","","Investment (2)","","Total Cost","","Investment (3)","","Investment (2)","","Total Cost"],["Future Development Capacity (4)","","$","2,129,342","\u200b","$","1,550,645","","$","3,679,987","","$","2,222,062","\u200b","$","337,681","\u200b","$","2,559,743"],["Data Center Construction","","\u200b","2,610,305","\u200b","","2,857,313","","\u200b","5,467,618","","","2,116,335","\u200b","","2,231,747","\u200b","","4,348,082"],["Equipment Pool and Other Inventory (5)","","\u200b","192,429","\u200b","","\u2014","","\u200b","192,429","","","203,821","\u200b","","\u2014","\u200b","","203,821"],["Campus, Tenant Improvements and Other (6)","","\u200b","271,042","\u200b","","157,976","","\u200b","429,018","","","211,187","\u200b","","130,260","\u200b","","341,447"],["Consolidated Land Held and Development Construction in Progress","","$","5,203,119","\u200b","$","4,565,934","\u200b","$","9,769,053","","$","4,753,405","\u200b","$","2,699,688","\u200b","$","7,453,093"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(1)","Represents costs incurred through December 31, 2024."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(2)","Represents estimated cost to complete scope of work pursuant to approved development budget."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(3)","Represents costs incurred through December 31, 2023."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(4)","Includes land and space held or actively under construction in preparation for future data center fit-out."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(5)","Represents long-lead equipment and materials required for timely deployment and delivery of data center fit-out."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(6)","Represents improvements in progress, which benefit space recently converted to our operating portfolio and is composed primarily of shared infrastructure projects and first-generation tenant improvements. Includes approximately $2.8 million included in our condensed consolidated balance sheet related to fair value adjustments on Teraco portfolio projects that were partially constructed as of August 1, 2022."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ Future development reflects cumulative cost spent pending future development and includes ongoing improvements to building infrastructure in preparation for future data center fit-out. We expect to deliver the space within 12 months; however, lease commencement dates may significantly impact final delivery schedules. Capital Expenditures (Cash Basis) The table below summarizes our capital expenditure activity for the year ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands): ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","\u200b","Year Ended December 31,"],["\u200b","","2024","","2023"],["Development projects","\u200b","$","2,260,692","\u200b","$","2,966,898"],["Enhancement and improvements","\u200b","","35,243","\u200b","","15,705"],["Recurring capital expenditures","\u200b","","305,712","\u200b","","327,022"],["Total capital expenditures (excluding indirect costs)","\u200b","$","2,601,647","\u200b","$","3,309,625"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ For the year ended December 31, 2024, total capital expenditures decreased approximately $0.7 billion as compared to the same period in 2023. Capital expenditures on our development projects plus our enhancement and improvements projects for the year ended December 31, 2024 were approximately $2.3 billion, which reflects a decrease of approximately 23% from the same period in 2023. Our development capital expenditures are generally funded by our available cash and equity and debt capital. ​ Indirect costs, including interest, capitalized in the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 were $230.1 million and $216.0 million, respectively. Capitalized interest comprised approximately $118.9 million and $116.8 million of the total indirect costs capitalized for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. Capitalized interest in the year ended December 31, 2024 increased compared to the same period in 2023 due to an increase in qualifying activities and higher interest rates. 71 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Excluding capitalized interest, indirect costs in the year ended December 31, 2024 increased compared to the same period in 2023 due primarily to capitalized amounts relating to compensation expense of employees directly engaged in construction activities.  Consistent with our growth strategy, we actively pursue potential acquisition opportunities, with due diligence and negotiations often at different stages at different times. The dollar value of acquisitions for the year ending December 31, 2025 will depend upon numerous factors, including customer demand, leasing results, availability of debt or equity capital and acquisition opportunities. Further, the growing acceptance by private institutional investors of the data center asset class has generally pushed capitalization rates lower, as such private investors may often have lower return expectations than us. As a result, we anticipate near-term single asset acquisitions activity to comprise a smaller percentage of our growth while this market dynamic persists. We may from time to time seek to retire or repurchase our outstanding debt or the equity of our Parent through cash purchases and/or exchanges for equity securities of our Parent in open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise. Such repurchases or exchanges, if any, will depend upon prevailing market conditions, our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions or other factors. The amounts involved may be material. Sources of Cash We expect to meet our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements, including payment of scheduled debt maturities and funding of acquisitions and non-recurring capital improvements, with net cash from operations, future long-term secured and unsecured indebtedness and the issuance of equity and debt securities and the proceeds of equity issuances by our Parent. We also may fund future short-term and long-term liquidity requirements, including acquisitions and non-recurring capital improvements, using our Global Revolving Credit Facilities pending permanent financing. As of February 18, 2025, we had approximately $3.4 billion of borrowings available under our Global Revolving Credit Facilities. Our Global Revolving Credit Facilities provides for borrowings up to $4.4 billion (including approximately $0.3 billion available to be drawn on the Yen Revolving Credit Facility). We have the ability from time to time to increase the size of the Global Revolving Credit Facility by up to $1.8 billion, subject to the receipt of lender commitments and other conditions precedent. Both facilities mature on January 24, 2029, with two six-month extension options available. These facilities also feature a sustainability-linked pricing component, with pricing subject to adjustment based on annual performance targets, further demonstrating our continued leadership and commitment to sustainable business practices. We have used and intend to use available borrowings under the Global Revolving Credit Facilities to fund our liquidity requirements from time to time. For additional information regarding our Global Revolving Credit Facility, see Note 11. “Debt of the Operating Partnership” to Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein. In addition, the 2025-27 Term Facility provides for a €375,000,000 five-year senior unsecured term loan facility, comprised of €125,000,000 of initial term loans, and €250,000,000 of delayed draw term loan commitments that were funded on September 9, 2023. Such facility provides for borrowings in Euros. The 2025-27 Term Facility matures on August 11, 2025, subject to two maturity extension options of one year each; provided that the Operating Partnership must pay a 0.125% extension fee based on the then-outstanding principal amount of the 2025-27 Term Facility commitments then outstanding. For additional information regarding the 2025-27 Term Facility and the defined terms used above, see Note 11. “Debt of the Operating Partnership” to Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein. ​ On September 13, 2024, Digital Dutch Finco B.V., an indirect wholly owned finance subsidiary of the Operating Partnership, issued and sold €850 million aggregate principal amount of 3.875% Guaranteed Notes due 2033. Net proceeds from the offering were approximately €843 million (approximately $933 million based on the exchange rate on September 13, 2024) after deducting managers’ discounts and estimated offering expenses. We used the net proceeds from the offering to pay down a portion of our Euro Term Loan Facilities, temporarily repay borrowings under our Global Revolving Credit Facility and for general corporate purposes. 72 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ On July 13, 2023, we formed a joint venture with GI Partners, and GI Partners acquired a 65% interest in two stabilized hyperscale data center buildings in the Chicago metro area that we contributed. We retained a 35% interest in the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data centers. In addition, GI Partners had a call option to increase their ownership interest in the joint venture from 65% to 80%. The call option top-up election notice was delivered to the Company on December 21, 2023. On January 12, 2024, GI Partners made an additional cash capital contribution, pursuant to the exercise of such call option, in the amount of $68 million, resulting in such additional 15% ownership in the joint venture. Currently, GI Partners has an 80% interest in the joint venture, and we have retained a 20% interest. We also granted GI Partners an option to purchase an interest in the third facility on the same hyperscale data center campus in Chicago. On April 16, 2024, we expanded our existing joint venture with GI Partners with the sale to GI Partners of a 75% interest in a third facility. We received approximately $386 million of net proceeds from the contribution of our data center to the joint venture and the associated financing and retained a 25% interest in the joint venture. On January 11, 2024, we formed a joint venture with Blackstone Inc. to develop four hyperscale data center campuses across Frankfurt, Paris and Northern Virginia. The campuses are planned to support the construction of 10 data centers with approximately 500 megawatts of potential IT load capacity. The first phase of the joint venture closed on hyperscale data center campuses in Paris and Northern Virginia, while the second phase closed in the fourth quarter of 2024. We received approximately $231 million of net proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the first phase of the joint venture and retained a 20% interest in the joint venture. Each partner funded its pro rata share of the remaining $3.0 billion estimated development cost for the first phase of the joint venture, which is slated for completion in various stages, contingent on customer demand, which began in the first quarter of 2024. In the fourth quarter, the second phase of the joint venture closed on hyperscale data center campuses in Frankfurt and Northern Virginia. We received approximately $385 million of net proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the second phase of the joint venture and retained a 20% interest in the joint venture. As a result of transferring control, we derecognized the data centers and recognized a gain on disposition of approximately $44.5 million. In January 2024, we closed on the sale of our interest in four data centers to Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P., or Brookfield, for approximately $271 million. Two of the data centers were consolidated by us; while two of the data centers were owned by Digital Core REIT. The sale was completed subsequent to Brookfield’s November 2023 acquisition of one of our customers, Cyxtera Technologies. The acquisition was part of Cyxtera’s plan of reorganization under its Chapter 11 bankruptcy proceedings. In conjunction with the sale, we bought out Cyxtera’s leases in three data centers located in Singapore and Frankfurt for approximately $57 million. In addition, Brookfield assumed the leases on three facilities previously leased to Cyxtera and amended the leases on three additional data centers in North America, accelerating the expiration date to September 2024. As a result of the sale, we recognized a total gain on disposition of approximately $200.5 million, of which $191.6 million is included within Gain on disposition of properties, net and $8.9 million is included within Equity in (loss) earnings of unconsolidated entities on our condensed consolidated income statements. On March 1, 2024, we formed a joint venture with Mitsubishi Corporation, or Mitsubishi, to support the development of two data centers in the Dallas metro area. The facilities were 100% pre-leased prior to construction. We contributed the two data center buildings at a contribution value of approximately $261 million. We received approximately $153 million of gross proceeds from the contribution of our data centers to the joint venture and retained a 35% interest in the joint venture. Mitsubishi contributed such cash in exchange for a 65% interest in the joint venture. Each partner funded its pro rata share of the remaining $140 million estimated development cost for the first phase of the project, of which one project has been completed in June 2024 and another has been completed in October 2024. ​ Distributions All distributions on our units are at the discretion of our Parent’s Board of Directors. For additional information regarding distributions paid on our common and preferred units for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, see Item 8, Note 14. “Equity and Capital” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 73 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ ​ Outstanding Consolidated Indebtedness The tables below summarize our outstanding debt, and also our contractual debt maturities and principal payments as of December 31, 2024 (in thousands): ​ Outstanding Debt ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["Debt Summary:","","\u200b","","\u200b"],["Fixed rate","\u200b","$","12,160","\u200b"],["Variable rate debt subject to interest rate swaps","\u200b","","3,103","\u200b"],["Total fixed rate debt (including interest rate swaps)","\u200b","","15,263","\u200b"],["Variable rate\u2014unhedged","\u200b","","1,584","\u200b"],["Total","\u200b","$","16,847","\u200b"],["Percent of Total Debt:","\u200b","","","\u200b"],["Fixed rate (including swapped debt)","\u200b","","90.6","%"],["Variable rate","\u200b","","9.4","%"],["Total","\u200b","","100.0","%"],["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["Effective Interest Rate as of December 31, 2024","\u200b","","","\u200b"],["Fixed rate (including hedged variable rate debt)","\u200b","","2.58","%"],["Variable rate","\u200b","","4.07","%"],["Effective interest rate","\u200b","","2.72","%"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ Contractual Debt Maturities and Principal Payments ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","\u200b","Global Revolving","\u200b","Unsecured","\u200b","Unsecured","\u200b","Secured and","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","","Credit Facilities (1)(2)","","Term Loans(3)","","Senior Notes(4)","","Other Debt","","Total Debt"],["2025","\u200b","$","\u2014","\u200b","$","388,275","\u200b","$","1,173,650","\u200b","$","782","\u200b","$","1,562,707"],["2026","\u200b","\u200b","\u2014","\u200b","\u200b","\u2014","\u200b","\u200b","1,416,042","\u200b","\u200b","114,505","\u200b","\u200b","1,530,547"],["2027","\u200b","\u200b","\u2014","\u200b","\u200b","\u2014","\u200b","\u200b","1,165,265","\u200b","\u200b","234,023","\u200b","\u200b","1,399,288"],["2028","","\u200b","\u2014","","\u200b","\u2014","","\u200b","2,067,700","","\u200b","354,999","","\u200b","2,422,699"],["2029","","\u200b","1,637,922","","\u200b","\u2014","","\u200b","2,785,538","","\u200b","13,946","","\u200b","4,437,406"],["Thereafter","","\u200b","\u2014","","\u200b","\u2014","","\u200b","5,451,220","","\u200b","43,008","","\u200b","5,494,228"],["Subtotal","\u200b","$","1,637,922","\u200b","$","388,275","\u200b","$","14,059,415","\u200b","$","761,263","\u200b","$","16,846,875"],["Unamortized net discounts","\u200b","","\u2014","\u200b","","\u2014","\u200b","","(27,476)","\u200b","","(3,658)","\u200b","","(31,134)"],["Unamortized deferred financing costs","\u200b","\u200b","(26,614)","\u200b","\u200b","(1,372)","\u200b","\u200b","(69,087)","\u200b","\u200b","(4,291)","\u200b","\u200b","(101,364)"],["Total","\u200b","$","1,611,308","\u200b","$","386,903","\u200b","$","13,962,852","\u200b","$","753,314","\u200b","$","16,714,377"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(1)","Includes amounts outstanding under the Global Revolving Credit Facilities."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(2)","The Global Revolving Credit Facilities are subject to two six-month extension options exercisable by us; provided that the Operating Partnership must pay a 0.0625% extension fee based on each lender\u2019s revolving commitments then outstanding (whether funded or unfunded)."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(3)","The \u20ac375.0 million 2025-27 Term Facility is subject to two maturity extension options of one year each, provided that the Operating Partnership must pay a 0.125% extension fee based on the then-outstanding principal amount of such facility commitments then outstanding."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(4)","The \u00a3400 million 4.250% unsecured senior note was paid at maturity on January 17, 2025."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ 74 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Our ratio of debt to total enterprise value was approximately 21.4% (based on the closing price of Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s common stock on December 31, 2024 of $177.33). For this purpose, our total enterprise value is defined as the sum of the market value of Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s outstanding common stock (which may decrease, thereby increasing our debt to total enterprise value ratio), plus the liquidation value of Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s preferred stock, plus the aggregate value of our Operating Partnership’s units not held by Digital Realty Trust, Inc. (with the per unit value equal to the market value of one share of Digital Realty Trust, Inc.’s common stock and excluding long-term incentive units, Class C units and Class D units), plus the book value of our total consolidated indebtedness. The variable rate debt shown above bears interest based on various one-month SOFR, EURIBOR, HIBOR, TIBOR, Base CD Rate, CDOR and JIBAR rates, depending on the respective agreement governing the debt, including our Global Revolving Credit Facilities, unsecured term loans, Teraco loans and ICN10 Facilities. As of December 31, 2023, our debt had a weighted average term to initial maturity of approximately 4.2 years (or approximately 4.4 years assuming exercise of extension options). Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements As of December 31, 2024, our pro-rata share of secured debt of unconsolidated entities was approximately $1.4 billion. Cash Flows The following summary discussion of our cash flows is based on the consolidated statements of cash flows and is not meant to be an all-inclusive discussion of the changes in our cash flows for the periods presented below. Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2024 to Year Ended December 31, 2023 The following table shows cash flows and ending cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash balances for the respective periods (in thousands). ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","Year Ended December 31,"],["\u200b","2024","","2023","","Change"],["Net cash provided by operating activities","$","2,261,477","\u200b","$","1,634,780","\u200b","$","626,697"],["Net cash used in investing activities","","(1,906,157)","\u200b","","(1,115,111)","\u200b","","(791,046)"],["Net cash provided by financing activities","","2,063,433","\u200b","","963,474","\u200b","","1,099,959"],["Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash","$","2,418,753","\u200b","$","1,483,143","\u200b","$","935,610"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ ​ Cash provided by operating activities in 2024 increased $626.7 million over 2023. The year-over-year increase was driven by: [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(i)","an increase in revenues due to the completion of our global development pipeline and related lease up operating activities;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(ii)","an increase in interest income as a result of carrying higher cash balances;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(iii)","a decrease in property level operating expenses;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(iv)","offset by the net impact of properties sold and contributed in 2023 and 2024."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ 75 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ ​ The changes in the activities that comprise net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023 consisted of the following amounts (in thousands). ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","Change"],["\u200b","2024 vs 2023"],["Increase in net cash used in business combinations / asset acquisitions","$","(455,704)"],["Decrease in cash used for improvements to investments in real estate","\u200b","693,858"],["Decrease in cash distributed from investments in unconsolidated entities, net","\u200b","(121,287)"],["Decrease in net cash provided by proceeds from sale of real estate","\u200b","(854,943)"],["Other changes","","(52,970)"],["Increase in net cash used in investing activities","$","(791,046)"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ The increase in net cash used in investing activities as compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to: ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(i)","an increase in spend due to acquisitions of land parcels in Paris and Charlotte and two data centers located in the Slough Trading Estate;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(ii)","a decrease in spend on development projects of approximately $694 million;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(iii)","an increase in cash contributed to various investments in unconsolidated entities;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(iv)","a decrease in cash provided by the sale or contributions of data centers in 2024 compared to 2023 as follows:"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","a.","$2.6 billion from 2023 transactions comprised mainly of:"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["i.","","contributions of data centers to our joint ventures with GI Partners and TPG Real Estate for gross proceeds of approximately $0.7 billion and $1.4 billion, respectively;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["ii.","","the sale of three non-core assets for gross proceeds of approximately $341 million; offset by"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","\u25cf","$1.8 billion from 2024 transactions consisting of:"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["i.","","the sale to GI Partners of a 75% interest in a third facility in Chicago. We received approximately $386 million of net proceeds and retained a 25% interest in the joint venture;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["ii.","","cash provided by the contribution of data centers to our joint ventures with Blackstone and Mitsubishi, for gross proceeds of approximately $707 million and $153 million, respectively; and"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["iii.","","the sale of four data centers to Brookfield for gross proceeds of approximately $271 million, the sale of non-core assets for gross proceeds of approximately $91 million, the sale to DCREIT of an additional 15.1% interest in a data center located in Frankfurt, Germany for approximately $77 million and the sale of a land parcel in Sydney for gross proceeds of approximately $68 million."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ The changes in the activities that comprise net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023 consisted of the following amounts (in thousands). ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","Change"],["\u200b","2024 vs 2023"],["Increase in cash provided by short-term borrowings","$","344,110"],["Increase in cash provided by proceeds from secured / unsecured debt","\u200b","1,365,867"],["Increase in cash used for repayment on secured / unsecured debt","\u200b","(2,007,028)"],["Increase in cash provided by proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of costs","\u200b","1,443,512"],["Increase in cash used for dividend and distribution payments","","(112,603)"],["Other changes, net","\u200b","66,101"],["Increase in net cash provided by financing activities","$","1,099,959"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ The increase in net cash provided by financing activities as compared to the same period in 2023 was primarily due to: ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(i)","a decrease in cash payments on short-term borrowings;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(ii)","an increase in cash provided by proceeds from secured / unsecured debt:"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] 76 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","a.","$933 million on the issuance of the 3.875% Guaranteed Notes due 2033 in September 2024;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","b.","$1.1 billion on the issuance of the 1.875% Exchangeable Notes due 2029 in November 2024;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","c.","offset by $740 million on the closing of the U.S. term loan facility in January 2023;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(iii)","an increase in cash used for repayment on secured / unsecured debt:"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","a.","$740 million on the U.S. term loan facility;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","b.","$637 million on the Euro notes (2.625% notes due 2024);"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","c.","$323 million on the 2.750% notes due 2024;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","d.","$415 million on the Euro Term Loan Facilities;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(iv)","an increase in cash provided by proceeds from the issuance of:"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","a.","approximately 12.0 million shares of common stock, net of costs, for approximately $2.0 billion under our ATM program;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","b.","approximately 12.1 million shares of common stock, net of costs, for approximately $1.7 billion from our equity offering;"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","c.","offset by the issuance of approximately 20.0 million shares of common stock, net of costs, for approximately $2.2 billion under our ATM program in 2023; and"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["","(v)","an increase in dividend and distribution payments due to an increased number of common shares and common units outstanding."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ Noncontrolling Interests in Operating Partnership Noncontrolling interests relate to the common units in our Operating Partnership that are not owned by Digital Realty Trust, Inc., which, as of December 31, 2024, amounted to 1.8% of our Operating Partnership common units. Historically, our Operating Partnership has issued common units to third party sellers in connection with our acquisition of real estate interests from such third parties. Limited partners have the right to require the Operating Partnership to redeem part or all of their common units for cash based on the fair market value of an equivalent number of shares of Digital Realty Trust, Inc. common stock at the time of redemption. Alternatively, Digital Realty Trust, Inc. may elect to acquire those common units in exchange for shares of its common stock on a one-for-one basis, subject to adjustment in the event of stock splits, stock dividends, issuance of stock rights, specified extraordinary distributions and similar events. As of December 31, 2024, approximately 0.2 million common units and incentive units of the Operating Partnership are classified within equity, except for certain common units issued to certain former DuPont Fabros Technology, L.P. unitholders in the Company’s acquisition of DuPont Fabros Technology, Inc., which are subject to certain restrictions and, accordingly, are not presented as permanent equity in the consolidated balance sheet. Inflation Many of our leases provide for separate real estate tax and operating expense escalations. In addition, many of the leases provide for fixed base rent increases. We believe that inflationary increases may be at least partially offset by the contractual rent increases and expense escalations described above. A period of inflation, however, could cause an increase in the cost of our variable-rate borrowings, including borrowings under our Global Revolving Credit Facilities, borrowings under our Euro Term Loan Facilities and USD Term Loan Facility and issuances of unsecured senior notes. In addition, refer to “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion about risks that inflation directly or indirectly may pose to our business. Critical Accounting Policies A critical accounting policy is one that involves management’s use of judgement regarding expected outcomes of uncertain events in order to make estimates and assumptions that are material to an entity’s financial condition and results of operations. Though we base our estimates and assumptions regarding these matters on historical and current conditions as well as future expectations, these estimates and assumptions are subjective in nature. Changes to the estimates and assumptions we make regarding these matters could affect our financial position and specific items in our 77 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ results of operations used by stockholders, potential investors, industry analysts and lenders in the evaluation of our performance. Of the significant accounting policies described in Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements, the subsequent items have been identified by us as meeting the criteria to be considered critical accounting policies. Refer to Note 2 for more information on these critical accounting policies. Fair Value Measurements. Fair value is intended to reflect the price that would be received for the sale of an asset or paid for the transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date (the exit price). We use fair value measurements to enable us to determine the fair value of a variety of items. Fair value measurements are most significant to our financial statements in the following areas: 1) evaluation of recoverability of real estate and intangible assets (which involves comparison of fair value of the assets to net book value to quantify any potential impairments), 2) accounting for assets held for sale (which involves recording assets qualifying for held for sale treatment at the lower of book value or fair value less costs to sell), and 3) determination of fair value of assets and liabilities acquired in connection with business combinations or asset acquisitions as well as certain equity interests in unconsolidated entities. We estimate fair value using available market information and valuation methods we believe to be appropriate for these purposes. Given the significant amount of judgement and subjectivity involved in the determination of fair value, estimated fair value is not necessarily indicative of amounts that would be realized on disposition. Refer to Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. Recoverability of Real Estate Assets. We assess the carrying value of our properties whenever events or circumstances indicate carrying amounts of these assets may not be fully recoverable (“triggering events"). Triggering events typically relate to a change in the expected holding period of a property, an adverse change in expected future cash flows of the property, or a trend of past cash flow losses that is expected to continue in the future. If our assessment of triggering events indicates the carrying value of a property or asset group might not be recoverable, we estimate the future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be generated by the assets and compare that amount to the book value of the assets. If our future undiscounted net cash flow evaluation indicates we are unable to recover the carrying value of a property or asset group, we record an impairment loss to the extent the carrying value of the property or asset group exceeds fair value. Refer to Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. Consolidation. We consolidate all entities that are wholly owned as well as all partially-owned entities that we control. In addition, we consolidate any variable interest entities (“VIEs”) for which we are the primary beneficiary. We evaluate whether or not an entity is a VIE (and we are the primary beneficiary) through consideration of substantive terms in the arrangement to identify which enterprise has the power to direct the activities of the entity that most significantly impact the entity’s economic performance and the obligation to absorb losses/receive benefits from the entity. 78 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ For entities that do not meet the definition of VIEs, we first consider if we are the general partner or a limited partner (or the equivalent in investments not structured as partnerships). We consolidate entities in which we are the general partner and the limited partners do not have rights that would preclude control. For entities in which we are the general partner, but the limited partners hold substantive participating or kick-out rights that prohibit our ability to control the entity, we apply the equity method of accounting since, as the general partner, we have the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the entities. For entities in which we are a limited partner, or that are not structured similar to a partnership, we consider factors such as ownership interest, voting control, authority to make decisions and contractual and substantive participating rights of the partners. When factors indicate we have a controlling financial interest in an entity, we consolidate the entity. Refer to Note 8. “Investments in Unconsolidated Entities” of the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. Revenue Recognition. We generate the majority of our revenue by leasing our properties to customers under operating lease agreements, which are accounted for under Accounting Standards Codification 842, Leases (“ASC 842”). We recognize the total minimum lease payments provided for under the leases on a straight-line basis over the lease term if we determine it is probable that substantially all of the lease payments will be collected over the lease term. We estimate the probability of collection of lease payments based on customer creditworthiness, outstanding accounts receivable balances, and historical bad debts – as well as current economic trends. If collection of substantially all lease payments over the lease term is not probable, rental revenue is recognized when payment is received, and we record a reduction to rental revenue equal to the balance of any deferred rent and rent receivable, less the balance of any security deposits or letters of credit. If collection is subsequently determined to be probable, we: 1) resume recognizing rental revenue on a straight-line basis, 2) record incremental revenue such that the cumulative amount recognized is equal to the amount that would have been recorded on a straight-line basis since inception of the lease, and 3) reverse the allowance for bad debt recorded on outstanding receivables. New Accounting Pronouncements See Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” of the Consolidated Financial Statements. Funds From Operations We calculate funds from operations, or FFO, in accordance with the standards established by the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (Nareit) in the Nareit Funds From Operations White Paper - 2018 Restatement. FFO is a non-GAAP financial measure and represents net income (loss) (computed in accordance with GAAP), excluding gain (loss) from the disposition of real estate assets, provision for impairment, real estate related depreciation and amortization (excluding amortization of deferred financing costs), our share of unconsolidated JV real estate related depreciation & amortization, net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in operating partnership and, reconciling items related to noncontrolling interests. Management uses FFO as a supplemental performance measure because, in excluding real estate related depreciation and amortization and gains and losses from property dispositions and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint ventures, it provides a performance measure that, when compared year over year, captures trends in occupancy rates, rental rates and operating costs. We also believe that, as a widely recognized measure of the performance of REITs, FFO will be used by investors as a basis to compare our operating performance with that of other REITs. However, because FFO excludes depreciation and amortization and captures neither the changes in the value of our data centers that result from use or market conditions, nor the level of capital expenditures and capitalized leasing commissions necessary to maintain the operating performance of our data centers, all of which have real economic effect and could materially impact our financial condition and results from operations, the utility of FFO as a measure of our performance is limited. Other REITs may not calculate FFO in accordance with the Nareit definition and, accordingly, our FFO may not be comparable to other REITs’ FFO. FFO should be considered only as a supplement to net income computed in accordance with GAAP as a measure of our performance. 79 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​ Reconciliation of Net Income Available to Common Stockholders to Funds From Operations (FFO) (in thousands, except per share and unit data) (unaudited) ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","\u200b","Year Ended December 31,"],["\u200b","\u200b","2024","","2023","","2022"],["GAAP Net Income Available to Common Stockholders","\u200b","$","561,766","\u200b","$","908,114","\u200b","$","336,960"],["Non-GAAP Adjustments:","\u200b","","","\u200b","","","\u200b"],["Net income attributable to non-controlling interests in operating partnership","\u200b","","12,700","\u200b","","20,710","\u200b","","7,914"],["Real estate related depreciation and amortization (1)","\u200b","","1,730,058","\u200b","","1,657,240","\u200b","","1,547,865"],["Depreciation related to non-controlling interests","\u200b","\u200b","(64,612)","\u200b","\u200b","(57,477)","\u200b","\u200b","(22,110)"],["Unconsolidated JV real estate related depreciation and amortization","\u200b","\u200b","192,931","\u200b","\u200b","177,153","\u200b","\u200b","123,099"],["Gain from the disposition of real estate assets","\u200b","\u200b","(596,904)","\u200b","\u200b","(908,356)","\u200b","\u200b","(177,332)"],["Provision for impairment","\u200b","\u200b","191,185","\u200b","\u200b","118,363","\u200b","\u200b","3,000"],["FFO available to common stockholders and unitholders (2)","\u200b","$","2,027,124","\u200b","$","1,915,747","\u200b","$","1,819,395"],["Basic FFO per share and unit","\u200b","$","6.15","\u200b","$","6.29","\u200b","$","6.23"],["Diluted FFO per share and unit (2)(3)","\u200b","$","6.14","\u200b","$","6.20","\u200b","$","6.03"],["Weighted average common stock and units outstanding","\u200b","","","\u200b","","","\u200b"],["Basic","\u200b","","329,485","\u200b","","304,651","\u200b","","292,123"],["Diluted (2)(3)","\u200b","","337,696","\u200b","","315,113","\u200b","","303,708"],["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["(1) Real estate related depreciation and amortization was computed as follows:"],["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["Depreciation and amortization per income statement","\u200b","$","1,771,797","","$","1,694,859","","$","1,577,933"],["Non-real estate depreciation","\u200b","\u200b","(41,739)","\u200b","\u200b","(37,619)","\u200b","\u200b","(30,068)"],["\u200b","\u200b","$","1,730,058","\u200b","$","1,657,240","\u200b","$","1,547,865"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(2)","As part of the acquisition of Teraco in 2022, certain of Teraco's minority indirect shareholders have the right to put their shares in an upstream parent company of Teraco to the Company in exchange for cash or the equivalent value of shares of the Company common stock, or a combination thereof. U.S. GAAP requires the Company to assume the put right is settled in shares for purposes of calculating diluted EPS. This same approach was utilized to calculate FFO per share. When calculating diluted FFO, Teraco related minority interest is added back to the FFO numerator as the denominator assumes all shares have been put back to the Company. The Teraco noncontrolling share of FFO was $46,953, $39,386, and $11,919 for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["(3)","For all periods presented, we have excluded the effect of the series J, series K and series L preferred stock, as applicable, that may be converted into common stock upon the occurrence of specified change in control transactions as described in the articles supplementary governing the series J, series K and series L preferred stock, as applicable, as they would be anti-dilutive."]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ [[GREPCENT_TABLE]] [["\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b","\u200b"],["\u200b","","Year Ended December 31,"],["\u200b","","2024","","2023","","2022"],["Weighted average common stock and units outstanding","","329,485","","304,651","","292,123"],["Add: Effect of dilutive securities","","8,211","","10,462","","11,585"],["Weighted average common stock and units outstanding\u2014diluted","","337,696","","315,113","","303,708"]] [[/GREPCENT_TABLE]] ​ ​ ​ ​ 80 Table of Contents ​ Index to Financial Statements ​