# Ingersoll Rand Inc. (IR)

Informational only - not investment advice.

CIK: 0001699150
SIC: 3560 General Industrial Machinery & Equipment
SIC breadcrumb: [Manufacturing](/division/D/) > [Industrial And Commercial Machinery And Computer Equipment](/major-group/35/) > [SIC 3560 General Industrial Machinery & Equipment](/industry/3560/)
Latest 10-K filed: 2026-02-17
SEC page: https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=1699150
Filing source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1699150/000162828026008617/iri-20251231.htm

## At a glance

FY2025 · period end 2025-12-31 · filed 2026-02-17 · accession 0001628280-26-008617 · source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001699150.json

| Metric | Value | FY | Provenance |
| --- | ---: | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 7,650,900,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Net income | 581,400,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Assets | 18,297,200,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Free cash flow | 1,220,100,000 USD | 2025 | computed |
| Net margin | 7.60% | 2025 | computed |
| Operating margin | 14.96% | 2025 | computed |
| Revenue YoY | +5.75% | 2025 | computed |
| ROE | 5.76% | 2025 | computed |

Computed values are grepcent-computed from the verified facts above and may differ from ratios the company itself reports. Free cash flow = operating cash flow − capital expenditures. Net margin = net income ÷ revenue. Operating margin = operating income ÷ revenue. Revenue YoY = FY2025 revenue ÷ FY2024 revenue − 1 (consecutive fiscal years only). ROE = net income ÷ period-end stockholders' equity.

No market price, no rating, no forecast on this site. Not investment advice.

### Peer percentile fingerprint

| Ratio | IR | Peer median | Percentile | N |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net margin | 7.6% | 7.7% | 49 | 110 |
| Operating margin | 15.0% | 13.1% | 63 | 104 |
| Revenue growth | 5.7% | 5.8% | 48 | 111 |
| FCF margin | 15.9% | 9.6% | 75 | 103 |
| ROE | 5.8% | 11.7% | 28 | 108 |
| ROA | 3.2% | 5.6% | 31 | 111 |
| Liabilities / equity | 0.81 | 1.10 | 33 | 108 |
| Current ratio | 2.06 | 2.02 | 52 | 110 |

Percentile = share of the N covered peers reporting that ratio whose value is lower (ties counted half); computed among grepcent-covered companies in SIC major-group 35 Industrial And Commercial Machinery And Computer Equipment, not the whole market. A higher percentile means a higher value of the ratio, not a better company. Ratios with fewer than 8 reporting peers are omitted. Latest reported values per company; fiscal periods may differ. Descriptive arithmetic - not a score, rating, or ranking.

## Selected Fundamentals
| Metric | Value | Unit | FY | Filed |
| --- | ---: | --- | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 7650900000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-17 |
| Net income | 581400000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-17 |
| Assets | 18297200000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-17 |

## Financials

Annual standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-02-17. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001699150.json. Derived margins, ratios, and free cash flow are computed from the extracted annual SEC facts.

| Metric | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue |  | 1,939,400,000 | 2,375,400,000 | 2,689,800,000 | 2,017,500,000 | 3,973,200,000 | 5,152,400,000 | 5,916,300,000 | 6,876,100,000 | 7,235,000,000 | 7,650,900,000 |
| Net income |  | -36,600,000 | 18,400,000 | 269,400,000 | 159,100,000 | -33,300,000 | 562,500,000 | 604,700,000 | 778,700,000 | 838,600,000 | 581,400,000 |
| Operating income |  | 103,500,000 | 109,100,000 | 443,000,000 | 194,100,000 | 59,600,000 | 565,700,000 | 817,300,000 | 1,164,300,000 | 1,300,100,000 | 1,144,600,000 |
| Gross profit |  | 716,700,000 | 897,900,000 | 1,012,500,000 | 778,300,000 | 1,404,900,000 | 1,988,500,000 | 2,325,600,000 | 2,882,200,000 | 3,170,000,000 | 3,336,300,000 |
| Diluted EPS |  | -0.25 | 0.10 | 1.29 | 0.76 | -0.09 | 1.34 | 1.47 | 1.90 | 2.06 | 1.45 |
| Operating cash flow | 172,100,000 | 165,600,000 | 200,500,000 | 444,500,000 | 343,300,000 | 914,300,000 |  |  | 1,377,400,000 | 1,396,700,000 | 1,355,700,000 |
| Capital expenditures |  | 74,400,000 | 56,800,000 | 52,200,000 | 37,900,000 | 42,000,000 | 64,100,000 | 94,600,000 | 105,400,000 | 149,100,000 | 135,600,000 |
| Dividends paid |  |  |  |  | 0.00 | 0.00 | 8,200,000 | 32,400,000 | 32,400,000 | 32,300,000 | 31,800,000 |
| Share buybacks |  | 14,100,000 | 3,600,000 | 40,700,000 | 18,600,000 | 2,100,000 | 736,800,000 | 261,100,000 | 263,000,000 | 260,700,000 | 1,018,000,000 |
| Assets |  | 4,316,000,000 | 4,621,200,000 | 4,487,100,000 | 4,628,400,000 | 16,058,600,000 | 15,154,500,000 | 14,765,900,000 | 15,563,500,000 | 18,009,800,000 | 18,297,200,000 |
| Liabilities |  | 4,044,200,000 | 3,144,400,000 | 2,811,100,000 | 2,758,500,000 | 6,869,100,000 | 6,083,300,000 | 5,508,700,000 | 5,716,800,000 | 7,764,500,000 | 8,143,200,000 |
| Stockholders' equity |  | 265,900,000 | 1,476,800,000 |  | 1,869,900,000 | 9,119,700,000 | 9,001,500,000 | 9,195,800,000 | 9,783,800,000 | 10,179,000,000 | 10,089,800,000 |
| Cash and cash equivalents |  | 255,800,000 | 393,300,000 | 221,200,000 | 505,500,000 | 1,750,900,000 | 2,109,600,000 | 1,613,000,000 | 1,595,500,000 | 1,541,200,000 | 1,248,800,000 |
| Free cash flow |  | 91,200,000 | 143,700,000 | 392,300,000 | 305,400,000 | 872,300,000 |  |  | 1,272,000,000 | 1,247,600,000 | 1,220,100,000 |

### Ratios

ROE and ROA use period-end equity/assets. Liabilities / equity uses total liabilities divided by stockholders' equity. Current ratio uses current assets divided by current liabilities when both are reported.

| Metric | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net margin |  | -1.89% | 0.77% | 10.02% | 7.89% | -0.84% | 10.92% | 10.22% | 11.32% | 11.59% | 7.60% |
| Operating margin |  | 5.34% | 4.59% | 16.47% | 9.62% | 1.50% | 10.98% | 13.81% | 16.93% | 17.97% | 14.96% |
| Return on equity |  | -13.76% | 1.25% |  | 8.51% | -0.37% | 6.25% | 6.58% | 7.96% | 8.24% | 5.76% |
| Return on assets |  | -0.85% | 0.40% | 6.00% | 3.44% | -0.21% | 3.71% | 4.10% | 5.00% | 4.66% | 3.18% |
| Liabilities / equity |  | 15.21 | 2.13 |  | 1.48 | 0.75 | 0.68 | 0.60 | 0.58 | 0.76 | 0.81 |
| Current ratio |  | 2.39 | 2.61 | 2.23 | 2.69 | 2.58 | 2.80 | 2.37 | 2.22 | 2.29 | 2.06 |

## As-reported value updates

8 tracked differences above grepcent's stated thresholds were found between the earliest XBRL-filed value and the value currently on file for the same fiscal period.

Ledger: /company/IR/revisions/


## Quarterly

Quarterly standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-07-31. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001699150.json.

Flow metrics use discrete quarter-length periods from 10-Q/10-Q/A filings. Q4 revenue and net income are derived only when annual FY and nine-month YTD facts exist for the same fiscal year; derived Q4 values are labeled. EPS Q4 is not derived.

| Quarter | End date | Revenue | Net income | Diluted EPS | Method |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- |
| 2022-Q3 | 2022-09-30 |  |  | 0.36 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q1 | 2023-03-31 |  |  | 0.39 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q2 | 2023-06-30 |  |  | 0.44 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q3 | 2023-09-30 | 1,738,900,000 | 208,300,000 | 0.51 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q4 | 2023-12-31 | 1,821,400,000 | 229,800,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2024-Q1 | 2024-03-31 | 1,670,100,000 | 202,200,000 | 0.50 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q2 | 2024-06-30 | 1,805,300,000 | 185,000,000 | 0.45 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q3 | 2024-09-30 | 1,861,000,000 | 221,600,000 | 0.54 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q4 | 2024-12-31 | 1,898,600,000 | 229,800,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2025-Q1 | 2025-03-31 | 1,716,800,000 | 186,500,000 | 0.46 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q2 | 2025-06-30 | 1,887,900,000 | -115,300,000 | -0.29 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q3 | 2025-09-30 | 1,955,000,000 | 244,100,000 | 0.61 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q4 | 2025-12-31 | 2,091,200,000 | 266,100,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2026-Q1 | 2026-03-31 | 1,847,200,000 | 192,100,000 | 0.49 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2026-Q2 | 2026-06-30 | 2,048,800,000 | 256,800,000 | 0.66 | reported discrete quarter |

## Filed narrative (10-K & 10-Q)

## Business

Verbatim Item 1 Business section from IR's latest 10-K: [/company/IR/business/](/company/IR/business/).

## Risk Factors

Verbatim Item 1A Risk Factors from IR's latest 10-K: [/company/IR/risk-factors/](/company/IR/risk-factors/).

## Latest quarter (10-Q)

Latest 10-Q source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1699150/000162828026051415/iri-20260630.htm

Extracted structurally from real Item 2 body heading to real Item 3/4 boundary.
Confidence: high
Filing date: 2026-07-31
Report date: 2026-06-30

ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion contains management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations and should be read together with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs and involve numerous risks and uncertainties, including, but not limited to, those described in the “Risk Factors” section of our 2025 Annual Report. Actual results may differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. You should carefully read “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Overview

Our Company

Ingersoll Rand is a global market leader with a broad flow creation and industrial product portfolio across air, gas, powder, and liquid handling applications, providing services and solutions to increase industrial and life science productivity, efficiency, and sustainability. We manufacture one of the broadest and most complete ranges of compressor, pump, vacuum and blower products in our markets, which, when combined with our global geographic footprint and application expertise, allows us to provide differentiated product and service offerings to our customers. Our products are sold under a collection of premier, market-leading brands, including Ingersoll Rand, Gardner Denver, Nash, CompAir, ILC Dover, Thomas, Milton Roy, Seepex, Elmo Rietschle, ARO, Robuschi, Emco Wheaton and Runtech Systems, which we believe are globally recognized in their respective end-markets and known for product quality, reliability, efficiency and superior customer service.

We operate with two reportable segments: Industrial Technologies and Services and Precision and Science Technologies. See Note 19 “Segment Reporting” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q for a description of our reportable segments.

Items Affecting our Business, Industry and End Markets

General Economic Conditions

Our financial results closely follow changes in the industries and end-markets we serve. Demand for most of our products depends on the level of new capital investment and planned and unplanned maintenance expenditures by our customers. The level of capital expenditures depends, in turn, on the general economic conditions as well as access to capital at reasonable cost, which can vary significantly based on geography and customer segmentation.

To date, 2026 has been marked by continued uncertainty in global markets, driven by investor concerns over inflation, elevated interest rates, ongoing political and regulatory uncertainty, including potential shifts in U.S. trade policy and the imposition of new tariffs, as well as geopolitical instability stemming from the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East.

Further contributing to economic uncertainty, the current U.S. presidential administration has signaled its intention to implement significant changes to U.S. trade policy, the size of the federal government and the enforcement of various regulations. These policy shifts could introduce additional market instability and reduce investor confidence. In 2025, the U.S. government announced tariffs on goods imported from various countries to the United States. Countries subject to such tariffs have imposed, or may in the future, impose reciprocal or retaliatory tariffs and other trade measures. In February 2026, the United States Supreme Court ruled that tariffs imposed under IEEPA on goods imported into the United States were unauthorized. Following this ruling, and effective on April 20, 2026, the United States Customs and Border Protection launched a platform for importers of record to submit IEEPA tariff refund requests. See Note 18 “Contingencies” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q for further discussion of these tariffs. We are actively monitoring the tariff developments and analyzing the potential impacts on our business, cost structure, supply chain and broader economic environment. We are identifying actions necessary to maintain competitiveness while we adapt to these new economic challenges. While these developments have not had a material impact on our financial condition or results of operations to date, due to their evolving nature, and the expected persistence of macroeconomic conditions and volatility in the near term, we cannot predict with certainty the ultimate impacts they may have on our business and results in the future, but those impacts could be material.

Foreign Currency Fluctuations

A significant portion of our revenues, approximately 56% for the six month period ended June 30, 2026, was denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Because much of our manufacturing facilities and labor force costs are outside of the United

38

Table of Contents

States, a significant portion of our costs are also denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Changes in foreign exchange rates can therefore impact our results of operations and are quantified when significant to our discussion.

Factors Affecting the Comparability of our Results of Operations

Key factors affecting the comparability of our results of operations are summarized below.

Acquisitions

Part of our strategy for growth is to acquire complementary businesses that provide access to new technologies or geographies or expand our offerings. While acquisitions, as discussed further in Note 2, are not individually significant or significant in the aggregate, they may be relevant when comparing our results from period to period.

See Note 2 “Acquisitions” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q for further discussion of these acquisitions.

Restructuring and Other Business Transformation Initiatives

We continue to execute business transformation initiatives. A key element of those initiatives are restructuring programs within our Industrial Technologies and Services and Precision and Science Technologies segments, as well as at the Corporate level. Restructuring charges, program related facility reorganization, relocation and other costs, and related capital expenditures were impacted most significantly.

How We Assess the Performance of Our Business

We manage operations through the two business segments described above. In addition to our consolidated GAAP financial measures, we review various non-GAAP financial measures, including Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Free Cash Flow.

We believe Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income are helpful supplemental measures to assist us and investors in evaluating our operating results as they exclude certain items whose fluctuation from period to period do not necessarily correspond to changes in the operations of our business. Adjusted EBITDA represents net income (loss) before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and certain non-cash, non-recurring and other adjustment items. We believe that the adjustments applied in presenting Adjusted EBITDA are appropriate to provide additional information to investors about certain material non-cash items and about non-recurring items that we do not expect to continue at the same level in the future. Adjusted Net Income is defined as net income (loss) including interest, depreciation and amortization of non-acquisition related intangible assets and excluding other items used to calculate Adjusted EBITDA and further adjusted for the tax effect of these exclusions.

We use Free Cash Flow to review the liquidity of our operations. We measure Free Cash Flow as cash flows from operating activities less capital expenditures. We believe Free Cash Flow is a useful supplemental financial measure for us and investors in assessing our ability to pursue business opportunities and investments and to service our debt. Free Cash Flow is not a measure of our liquidity under GAAP and should not be considered as an alternative to cash flows from operating activities.

Management and our board of directors regularly use these measures as tools in evaluating our operating and financial performance and in establishing discretionary annual compensation. Such measures are provided in addition to, and should not be considered to be a substitute for, or superior to, the comparable measures under GAAP. In addition, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Free Cash Flow are frequently used by investors and other interested parties in the evaluation of issuers, many of which also present Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Free Cash Flow when reporting their results in an effort to facilitate an understanding of their operating and financial results and liquidity.

Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Free Cash Flow should not be considered as alternatives to net income (loss) or any other performance measure derived in accordance with GAAP, or as alternatives to cash flow from operating activities as a measure of our liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Free Cash Flow have limitations as analytical tools, and you should not consider such measures either in isolation or as substitutes for analyzing our results as reported under GAAP.

See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below for reconciliation information.

Results of Operations

Consolidated results should be read in conjunction with the segment results section herein and Note 19 “Segment Reporting” to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q, which provides more detailed

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Table of Contents

discussions concerning certain components of our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated within the consolidated results. The following table presents selected Condensed Consolidated Results of Operations of our business for the three and six month periods ended June 30, 2026 and 2025.

[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]

## Latest 10-K MD&A (excerpt)

Latest 10-K Item 7 source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1699150/000162828026008617/iri-20251231.htm
Complete FY 2025 MD&A: /company/IR/mda/fy2025/

Extracted structurally from real Item 7 body heading to real Item 7A/8 boundary. Published MD&A gate trimmed front/tail over-capture.
Confidence: high
Filing date: 2026-02-17
Report date: 2025-12-31

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion contains management’s discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations and should be read together with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements and involves numerous risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in any forward-looking statements as a result of many factors, including those set forth under the “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

22

Table of Content

Executive Overview

Our Company

Ingersoll Rand is a global market leader with a broad range of innovative and mission-critical air, fluid, clean energy and medical technologies, providing services and solutions to increase industrial productivity and efficiency. We manufacture one of the broadest and most complete ranges of compressor, pump, vacuum and blower products in our markets, which, when combined with our global geographic footprint and application expertise, allows us to provide differentiated product and service offerings to our customers. Our products are sold under a collection of premier, market-leading brands, including Ingersoll Rand, Gardner Denver, Nash, CompAir, Thomas, Milton Roy, Seepex, Elmo Rietschle, ARO, Robuschi, ILC Dover, Emco Wheaton and Runtech Systems, which we believe are globally recognized in their respective end-markets and known for product quality, reliability, efficiency and superior customer service.

These attributes, along with over 165 years of engineering heritage, generate strong brand loyalty for our products and foster long-standing customer relationships, which we believe have resulted in leading market positions within each of our operating segments. We have sales in all major geographic markets and our diverse customer base utilizes our products across a wide array of end-markets that have favorable near- and long-term growth prospects, including industrial manufacturing, clean energy, transportation, medical and laboratory sciences, food and beverage packaging and chemical processing.

Our products and services are critical to the processes and systems in which they are utilized, which are often complex and function in harsh conditions where the cost of failure or downtime is high. However, our products and services typically represent only a small portion of the costs of the overall systems or functions that they support. As a result, our customers place a high value on our application expertise, product reliability and the responsiveness of our service. To support our customers and market presence, we maintain significant global scale with over 60 key manufacturing facilities, and over 50 complementary service and repair centers across six continents and over 21,000 employees worldwide as of December 31, 2025.

The process-critical nature of our product applications, coupled with the standard wear and tear replacement cycles associated with the usage of our products, generates opportunities to support customers with our broad portfolio of aftermarket parts, consumables and services. Customers place a high value on minimizing any time their operations are offline. As a result, the availability of replacement parts, consumables and our repair and support services are key components of our value proposition. Our large installed base of products provides a recurring revenue stream through our aftermarket parts, consumables and services offerings. As a result, our aftermarket revenue is significant, representing 36.5% of total Company revenue in 2025.

Components of Our Revenue and Expenses

Revenues

We generate revenue from sales of original equipment and associated aftermarket parts, consumables and services. We sell our products and deliver services both directly to end-users and through independent distribution channels, depending on the product line and geography. Revenue derived from short duration contracts is recognized at a single point in time when control is transferred to the customer, generally at shipment or when delivery has occurred or as services are performed. Certain contracts involve significant design engineering unique to customer specifications, and depending upon the contractual terms, revenue is recognized either over the duration of the contract or at contract completion when equipment is delivered to the customer.

Expenses

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales includes the costs we incur, including purchased materials, labor and overhead related to manufactured products and aftermarket parts sold during a period. Depreciation related to manufacturing equipment and facilities is included in cost of sales. Purchased materials represent the majority of costs of sales, with steel, aluminum, copper and partially finished castings representing our most significant material inputs. Stock-based compensation expense for employees associated with the manufacture of products or delivery of services to customers is included in cost of sales. We have instituted a global sourcing strategy to take advantage of coordinated purchasing opportunities of key materials across our manufacturing plant locations.

Cost of sales for services includes the direct costs we incur, including direct labor, parts and other overhead costs including depreciation of equipment and facilities, to deliver repair, maintenance and other field services to our customers.

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Selling and Administrative Expenses

Selling and administrative expenses consist of (i) salaries and other employee-related expenses for our selling and administrative functions and other activities not associated with the manufacture of products or delivery of services to customers; (ii) facility operating expenses for selling and administrative activities, including office rent, maintenance, depreciation and insurance; (iii) marketing and direct costs of selling products and services to customers including internal and external sales commissions; (iv) research and development expenditures; (v) professional and consultant fees; (vi) employee related stock-based compensation for our selling and administrative functions and (vii) other miscellaneous expenses. Certain corporate expenses, including those related to our shared service centers in the United States and Europe, that directly benefit our businesses are allocated to our business segments. Certain corporate administrative expenses, including corporate executive compensation, treasury, certain information technology, internal audit and tax compliance, are not allocated to the business segments.

Amortization of Intangible Assets

Amortization of intangible assets includes the periodic amortization of intangible assets, including customer relationships, tradenames, developed technology, backlog and internal-use software.

Other Operating Expense, Net

Other operating expense, net includes foreign currency transaction gains and losses, net, restructuring charges, acquisition and other transaction related expenses and non-cash charges, losses and gains on asset disposals and other miscellaneous operating expenses.

Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

The provision or benefit for income taxes includes U.S. federal, state and local income taxes and all non-U.S. income taxes. We are subject to income tax in 49 jurisdictions outside of the United States. Because we conduct operations on a global basis, our effective tax rate depends, and will continue to depend, on the geographic distribution of our pre-tax earnings among several different taxing jurisdictions. Our effective tax rate can also vary based on changes in the tax rates of the different jurisdictions, the availability of tax credits and non-deductible items.

Items Affecting our Reported Results

General Economic Conditions and Capital Spending in the Industries We Serve

Our financial results closely follow changes in the industries and end-markets we serve. Demand for most of our products depends on the level of new capital investment and planned and unplanned maintenance expenditures by our customers. The level of capital expenditures depends, in turn, on the general economic conditions as well as access to capital at reasonable cost. In particular, demand for our Industrial Technologies and Services products generally correlates with the rate of total industrial capacity utilization and the rate of change of industrial production. Capacity utilization rates above 80% have historically indicated a strong demand environment for industrial equipment. In our Industrial Technologies and Services segment, overall economic growth and industrial production, as well as secular trends, impact demand for our products. In certain businesses of our Precision and Science Technologies segment, we expect demand for our products to be driven by favorable trends, including the growth in healthcare spend and expansion of healthcare systems due to an aging population requiring medical care and increased investment in health solutions and safety infrastructures in emerging economies. Over longer time periods, we believe that demand for all of our products also tends to follow economic growth patterns indicated by the rates of change in the GDP around the world, as augmented by secular trends in each segment. Our ability to grow and our financial performance will also be affected by our ability to address a variety of challenges and opportunities that are a consequence of our global operations, including efficiently utilizing our global sales, manufacturing and distribution capabilities and engineering innovative new product applications for end-users in a variety of geographic markets.

Foreign Currency Fluctuations

A significant portion of our revenues, 54% for the year ended December 31, 2025, was denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Because much of our manufacturing facilities and labor force costs are outside of the United States, a significant portion of our costs are also denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Changes in foreign exchange rates can therefore impact our results of operations and are quantified when significant to our discussion.

Factors Affecting the Comparability of our Results of Operations

Certain factors affecting the comparability of our current and historical results of operations are summarized below.

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Acquisitions

Part of our strategy for growth is to acquire complementary businesses that provide access to new technologies or geographies or expand our offerings. While acquisitions, as discussed further in Note 3, are not individually significant or significant in the aggregate, they may be relevant when comparing our results from period to period.

See Note 3 “Acquisitions” to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Form 10-K for further discussion of these acquisitions.

How We Assess the Performance of Our Business

We manage operations through the two business segments described above. In addition to our consolidated GAAP financial measures, we review various non-GAAP financial measures, including Adjusted EBITDA, Adjusted Net Income and Free Cash Flow.

We believe Adjusted EBITDA and Adjusted Net Income are helpful supplemental measures to assist us and investors in evaluating our operating results as they exclude certain items whose fluctuation from period to period do not necessarily correspond to changes in the operations of our business. Adjusted EBITDA represents net income (loss) before interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization and certain non-cash, non-recurring and other adjustment items. We believe that the adjustments applied in presenting Adjusted EBI

[Excerpt truncated for page length; the complete text is on the linked full-MD&A page.]

Read the full FY 2025 MD&A: /company/IR/mda/fy2025/
All MD&A years: /company/IR/mda/


## MD&A history

Prior-year 10-K MD&A spans are extracted from SEC filings with the same bounded parser used for the latest filing. Each year's full verbatim text is on its own sub-page.

- [FY 2024 MD&A](/company/IR/mda/fy2024/): filed 2025-02-19; accession 0001628280-25-006391 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1699150/000162828025006391/iri-20241231.htm)
- [FY 2023 MD&A](/company/IR/mda/fy2023/): filed 2024-02-23; accession 0001628280-24-006642 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1699150/000162828024006642/iri-20231231.htm)
- [FY 2022 MD&A](/company/IR/mda/fy2022/): filed 2023-02-21; accession 0001628280-23-004287 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1699150/000162828023004287/gdi-20221231.htm)
- [FY 2021 MD&A](/company/IR/mda/fy2021/): filed 2022-02-25; accession 0001628280-22-003991 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1699150/000162828022003991/gdi-20211231.htm)




## Macro cross-references

Indicators mapped to this company's SIC classification (industry 3560 General Industrial Machinery & Equipment) by grepcent's deterministic macro-sector crosswalk. A navigational mapping, not a statistical or causal claim.

- [INDPRO](/indicator/INDPRO/): Industrial Production: Total Index
- [TCU](/indicator/TCU/): Capacity Utilization: Total Index
- [PPIACO](/indicator/PPIACO/): Producer Price Index by Commodity: All Commodities
- [GDPC1](/indicator/GDPC1/): Real Gross Domestic Product
- [DGS10](/indicator/DGS10/): Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 10-Year Constant Maturity
- [FEDFUNDS](/indicator/FEDFUNDS/): Federal Funds Effective Rate
- [CES0500000003](/indicator/CES0500000003/): Average Hourly Earnings of All Employees, Total Private
- [PAYEMS](/indicator/PAYEMS/): All Employees, Total Nonfarm

Macro-to-micro threads including this sector: [Inflation (CPI / PCE / PPI)](/thread/inflation-cpi-pce-ppi/), [US labor market](/thread/us-labor-market/), [Growth & output](/thread/growth-output/), [Money & trade](/thread/money-trade/), [Government finances](/thread/government-finances/), [Sector employment](/thread/sector-employment/), [Industrial orders & inventories](/thread/industrial-orders/), [Trade & external](/thread/trade-external/).

All macro indicators: /indicators/


## For LLMs & downloads

Markdown twin: /company/IR.md · JSON record: /company/IR.json · verified financials: /company/IR/financials.json / /company/IR/financials.csv · machine TOC for the whole site: /llms.txt