# ROPER TECHNOLOGIES INC (ROP)

Informational only - not investment advice.

CIK: 0000882835
SIC: 3823 Industrial Instruments For Measurement, Display, and Control
SIC breadcrumb: [Manufacturing](/division/D/) > [SIC Major Group 38](/major-group/38/) > [SIC 3823 Industrial Instruments For Measurement, Display, and Control](/industry/3823/)
Latest 10-K filed: 2026-02-24
SEC page: https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=882835
Filing source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000088283526000009/rop-20251231.htm

## At a glance

FY2025 · period end 2025-12-31 · filed 2026-02-24 · accession 0000882835-26-000009 · source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0000882835.json

| Metric | Value | FY | Provenance |
| --- | ---: | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 7,902,500,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Net income | 1,536,300,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Assets | 34,577,000,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Free cash flow | 2,492,900,000 USD | 2025 | computed |
| Net margin | 19.44% | 2025 | computed |
| Operating margin | 28.29% | 2025 | computed |
| Revenue YoY | +12.26% | 2025 | computed |
| ROE | 7.73% | 2025 | computed |

Computed values are grepcent-computed from the verified facts above and may differ from ratios the company itself reports. Free cash flow = operating cash flow − capital expenditures. Net margin = net income ÷ revenue. Operating margin = operating income ÷ revenue. Revenue YoY = FY2025 revenue ÷ FY2024 revenue − 1 (consecutive fiscal years only). ROE = net income ÷ period-end stockholders' equity.

No market price, no rating, no forecast on this site. Not investment advice.

### Peer percentile fingerprint

| Ratio | ROP | Peer median | Percentile | N |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net margin | 19.4% | 12.7% | 89 | 10 |
| Operating margin | 28.3% | 16.3% | 100 | 10 |
| Revenue growth | 12.3% | 5.0% | 100 | 10 |
| FCF margin | 31.5% | 22.0% | 100 | 10 |
| ROE | 7.7% | 7.7% | 56 | 10 |
| ROA | 4.4% | 4.4% | 56 | 10 |
| Liabilities / equity | 0.74 | 0.87 | 33 | 10 |
| Current ratio | 0.52 | 1.80 | 0 | 10 |

Percentile = share of the N covered peers reporting that ratio whose value is lower (ties counted half); computed among grepcent-covered companies in SIC industry 3823 Industrial Instruments For Measurement, Display, and Control, not the whole market. A higher percentile means a higher value of the ratio, not a better company. Ratios with fewer than 8 reporting peers are omitted. Latest reported values per company; fiscal periods may differ. Descriptive arithmetic - not a score, rating, or ranking.

## Selected Fundamentals
| Metric | Value | Unit | FY | Filed |
| --- | ---: | --- | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 7902500000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-24 |
| Net income | 1536300000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-24 |
| Assets | 34577000000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-24 |

## Financials

Annual standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-02-24. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0000882835.json. Derived margins, ratios, and free cash flow are computed from the extracted annual SEC facts.

| Metric | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue | 3,789,900,000 | 4,607,500,000 | 5,191,200,000 | 4,727,700,000 | 4,022,400,000 | 4,833,800,000 | 5,371,800,000 | 6,177,800,000 | 7,039,200,000 | 7,902,500,000 |
| Net income | 658,600,000 | 971,800,000 | 944,400,000 | 1,767,900,000 | 949,700,000 | 1,152,600,000 | 4,544,700,000 | 1,384,200,000 | 1,549,300,000 | 1,536,300,000 |
| Operating income | 1,054,600,000 | 1,210,200,000 | 1,396,400,000 | 1,328,300,000 | 1,082,900,000 | 1,241,200,000 | 1,524,500,000 | 1,745,200,000 | 1,996,800,000 | 2,235,400,000 |
| Gross profit | 2,332,400,000 | 2,864,800,000 | 3,279,500,000 | 3,140,100,000 | 2,828,300,000 | 3,407,600,000 | 3,752,800,000 | 4,307,200,000 | 4,878,300,000 | 5,472,000,000 |
| Diluted EPS | 6.43 | 9.39 | 9.05 | 16.82 | 8.98 | 10.82 | 42.55 | 12.89 | 14.35 | 14.20 |
| Operating cash flow | 963,800,000 | 1,234,500,000 | 1,430,100,000 | 1,461,800,000 | 1,525,100,000 | 2,011,900,000 | 734,600,000 | 2,035,100,000 | 2,393,200,000 | 2,540,300,000 |
| Capital expenditures |  | 48,800,000 | 49,100,000 | 43,000,000 | 24,700,000 | 28,500,000 | 40,100,000 | 68,000,000 | 66,000,000 | 47,400,000 |
| Dividends paid | 121,100,000 | 142,800,000 | 170,100,000 | 191,700,000 | 214,100,000 | 236,400,000 | 262,300,000 | 290,200,000 | 321,900,000 | 355,000,000 |
| Share buybacks |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0.00 | 0.00 | 500,000,000 |
| Assets | 14,324,900,000 | 14,316,400,000 | 15,249,500,000 | 18,108,900,000 | 24,024,800,000 | 23,713,900,000 | 26,980,800,000 | 28,167,500,000 | 31,334,700,000 | 34,577,000,000 |
| Liabilities | 8,536,062,000 | 7,452,800,000 | 7,511,000,000 | 8,617,000,000 | 13,545,000,000 | 12,150,100,000 | 10,943,000,000 | 10,722,700,000 | 12,467,100,000 | 14,695,500,000 |
| Stockholders' equity | 5,788,900,000 | 6,863,600,000 | 7,738,500,000 | 9,491,900,000 | 10,479,800,000 | 11,563,800,000 | 16,037,800,000 | 17,444,800,000 | 18,867,600,000 | 19,881,500,000 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 757,200,000 | 671,300,000 | 364,400,000 | 709,700,000 | 308,300,000 | 351,500,000 | 792,800,000 | 214,300,000 | 188,200,000 | 297,400,000 |
| Free cash flow |  | 1,185,700,000 | 1,381,000,000 | 1,418,800,000 | 1,500,400,000 | 1,983,400,000 | 694,500,000 | 1,967,100,000 | 2,327,200,000 | 2,492,900,000 |

### Ratios

ROE and ROA use period-end equity/assets. Liabilities / equity uses total liabilities divided by stockholders' equity. Current ratio uses current assets divided by current liabilities when both are reported.

| Metric | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net margin | 17.38% | 21.09% | 18.19% | 37.39% | 23.61% | 23.84% | 84.60% | 22.41% | 22.01% | 19.44% |
| Operating margin | 27.83% | 26.27% | 26.90% | 28.10% | 26.92% | 25.68% | 28.38% | 28.25% | 28.37% | 28.29% |
| Return on equity | 11.38% | 14.16% | 12.20% | 18.63% | 9.06% | 9.97% | 28.34% | 7.93% | 8.21% | 7.73% |
| Return on assets | 4.60% | 6.79% | 6.19% | 9.76% | 3.95% | 4.86% | 16.84% | 4.91% | 4.94% | 4.44% |
| Liabilities / equity | 1.47 | 1.09 | 0.97 | 0.91 | 1.29 | 1.05 | 0.68 | 0.61 | 0.66 | 0.74 |
| Current ratio | 1.23 | 0.87 | 1.11 | 0.83 | 0.72 | 0.78 | 0.67 | 0.50 | 0.40 | 0.52 |

## As-reported value updates

12 tracked differences above grepcent's stated thresholds were found between the earliest XBRL-filed value and the value currently on file for the same fiscal period.

Ledger: /company/ROP/revisions/


## Quarterly

Quarterly standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-07-31. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0000882835.json.

Flow metrics use discrete quarter-length periods from 10-Q/10-Q/A filings. Q4 revenue and net income are derived only when annual FY and nine-month YTD facts exist for the same fiscal year; derived Q4 values are labeled. EPS Q4 is not derived.

| Quarter | End date | Revenue | Net income | Diluted EPS | Method |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- |
| 2022-Q3 | 2022-09-30 |  |  | 3.06 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q1 | 2023-03-31 |  |  | 2.65 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q2 | 2023-06-30 |  |  | 3.40 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q3 | 2023-09-30 | 1,563,400,000 | 347,200,000 | 3.23 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q4 | 2023-12-31 | 1,613,500,000 | 389,000,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2024-Q1 | 2024-03-31 | 1,680,700,000 | 382,000,000 | 3.54 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q2 | 2024-06-30 | 1,716,800,000 | 337,100,000 | 3.12 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q3 | 2024-09-30 | 1,764,600,000 | 367,900,000 | 3.40 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q4 | 2024-12-31 | 1,877,100,000 | 462,300,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2025-Q1 | 2025-03-31 | 1,882,800,000 | 331,100,000 | 3.06 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q2 | 2025-06-30 | 1,943,600,000 | 378,300,000 | 3.49 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q3 | 2025-09-30 | 2,017,500,000 | 398,500,000 | 3.68 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q4 | 2025-12-31 | 2,058,600,000 | 428,400,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2026-Q1 | 2026-03-31 | 2,095,300,000 | 508,900,000 | 4.87 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2026-Q2 | 2026-06-30 | 2,108,900,000 | 1,168,500,000 | 11.62 | reported discrete quarter |

## Filed narrative (10-K & 10-Q)

## Business

Verbatim Item 1 Business section from ROP's latest 10-K: [/company/ROP/business/](/company/ROP/business/).

## Risk Factors

Verbatim Item 1A Risk Factors from ROP's latest 10-K: [/company/ROP/risk-factors/](/company/ROP/risk-factors/).

## Latest quarter (10-Q)

Latest 10-Q source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000088283526000036/rop-20260630.htm

Extracted structurally from real Item 2 body heading to real Item 3/4 boundary.
Confidence: high
Filing date: 2026-07-31
Report date: 2026-06-30

ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion in conjunction with Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 (“Annual Report”) as filed on February 24, 2026 with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (“Quarterly Report”).

Information About Forward-Looking Statements

This report includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the federal securities laws. In addition, we, or our executive officers on our behalf, may from time to time make forward-looking statements in reports and other documents we file with the SEC or in connection with oral statements made to the press, potential investors, or others. All statements that are not historical facts are “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements may be indicated by words or phrases such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plans,” “expects,” “projects,” “should,” “will,” “believes,” “intends,” and similar words and phrases. These statements reflect management’s current beliefs and are not guarantees of future performance. They involve risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in any forward-looking statement.

Examples of forward-looking statements in this report include but are not limited to statements regarding operating results, the success of our operating plans, our expectations regarding our ability to generate cash and reduce debt and associated interest expense, profit and cash flow expectations, the prospects for newly acquired businesses to be integrated and contribute to future growth, and our expectations regarding growth through acquisitions. Important assumptions relating to the forward-looking statements include, among others, demand for our products, the cost, timing, and success of product upgrades and new product introductions, raw materials costs, expected pricing levels, expected outcomes of pending litigation, competitive conditions, and general economic conditions. These assumptions could prove inaccurate. Although we believe that the estimates and projections reflected in the forward-looking statements are reasonable, our expectations may prove to be incorrect. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from estimates or projections contained in the forward-looking statements include but are not limited to:

•general economic conditions;

•difficulty making acquisitions, including receiving the necessary regulatory approvals (including clearance under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Act in the United States (“U.S.”) and similar antitrust regulations in foreign countries), and successfully integrating acquired businesses;

•any unforeseen liabilities associated with future acquisitions;

•information technology (IT) system failures, data security breaches, network disruptions, and cybersecurity events, including any litigation arising therefrom;

•failure to comply with new data privacy laws and regulations, including any litigation arising therefrom;

•risks and costs associated with our international sales and operations;

•volatile interest rates;

•limitations on our business imposed by our indebtedness;

•product liability, litigation, and insurance risks;

•future competition;

•reduction of business with large customers;

•risks associated with government contracts;

•changes in the supply of, or price for, labor, energy, raw materials, parts, and components, including as a result of inflation or potential supply chain constraints;

•potential write-offs of our goodwill and other intangible assets;

•our ability to successfully develop new products;

•risks associated with the use of artificial intelligence (“AI”), including our ability to develop, deploy, and use AI in our platforms and offerings;

•failure to protect our intellectual property;

•unfavorable changes in foreign exchange rates;

•risks related to changing U.S. and foreign trade policies, including increased trade restrictions or tariffs (including the non-renewal or a repeal of the United States-Mexico-Canada Agreement);

•increased warranty exposure;

•environmental compliance costs and liabilities;

•the effect of, or change in, government regulations (including tax);

•the impacts of any U.S. government shutdowns;

18

•economic disruption caused by armed conflicts (such as the conflicts in Ukraine and the Middle East), terrorist attacks, health crises, or other unforeseen geopolitical events; and

•the factors discussed in other reports we file with the SEC from time to time.

You should not place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which are based on current expectations. Further, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and we undertake no obligation to publicly update any of these statements in light of new information or future events.

Overview

Roper is a diversified technology company. Roper has a proven, long-term, successful track record of compounding cash flow and increasing shareholder value. We operate market leading businesses that design and develop vertical software and technology enabled products for a variety of defensible niche markets.

We pursue consistent and sustainable growth in revenue, earnings, and cash flow by enabling continuous improvement in the operating performance of our businesses and by acquiring other businesses that offer high value-added software, services, technology-enabled products, and solutions that we believe are capable of realizing growth while maintaining high margins.

Critical Accounting Policies

Except as described in Note 10 with respect to our equity investment in Indicor, there were no material changes during the six months ended June 30, 2026 to the items that we disclosed as our critical accounting policies and estimates in “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Information regarding new accounting pronouncements can be found in Note 2 of the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

19

Results of Operations

All currency amounts are in millions, percentages are of net revenues

Percentages may not sum due to rounding.

The following table sets forth selected information for the periods indicated:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","Three months ended June 30,","","Six months ended June 30,"],["","2026","","2025","","2026","","2025"],["Net revenues:"],["Application Software","$","1,180.8","","","$","1,094.9","","","$","2,372.3","","","$","2,163.1"],["Network Software","430.9","","","385.4","","","858.5","","","761.3"],["Technology Enabled Products","497.2","","","463.3","","","973.4","","","902.0"],["Total","$","2,108.9","","","$","1,943.6","","","$","4,204.2","","","$","3,826.4"],["Gross margin:"],["Application Software","69.8","%","","68.8","%","","69.4","%","","68.1","%"],["Network Software","84.3","%","","83.2","%","","84.3","%","","83.6","%"],["Technology Enabled Products","56.9","%","","58.6","%","","56.9","%","","58.6","%"],["Total","69.7","%","","69.2","%","","69.5","%","","69.0","%"],["Selling, general and administrative expenses:"],["Application Software","(42.3)","%","","(41.9)","%","","(42.3)","%","","(41.7)","%"],["Network Software","(43.4)","%","","(39.3)","%","","(43.5)","%","","(39.5)","%"],["Technology Enabled Products","(23.6)","%","","(23.1)","%","","(24.0)","%","","(23.4)","%"],["Total","(38.1)","%","","(36.9)","%","","(38.3)","%","","(37.0)","%"],["Segment operating margin:"],["Application Software","27.4","%","","26.9","%","","27.1","%","","26.4","%"],["Network Software","41.0","%","","43.9","%","","40.8","%","","44.1","%"],["Technology Enabled Products","33.3","%","","35.4","%","","32.9","%","","35.2","%"],["Total","31.6","%","","32.3","%","","31.2","%","","32.0","%"],["Corporate administrative expenses *","(3.9)","%","","(4.1)","%","","(3.8)","%","","(3.9)","%"],["Income from operations","27.7","%","","28.2","%","","27.5","%","","28.1","%"],["Interest expense, net","(5.3)","%","","(4.1)","%","","(5.0)","%","","(3.7)","%"],["Equity investment gain (loss), net","39.6","%","","0.9","%","","23.8","%","","(0.7)","%"],["Other expense, net","\u2014","%","","\u2014","%","","(0.1)","%","","\u2014","%"],["Earnings before income taxes","62.0","%","","25.0","%","","46.2","%","","23.6","%"],["Income taxes","(6.6)","%","","(5.5)","%","","(6.3)","%","","(5.1)","%"],["Net earnings","55.4","%","","19.5","%","","39.9","%","","18.5","%"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

* Includes unallocated corporate general and administrative expenses and enterprise-wide stock-based compensation.

20

Three Months Ended June 30, 2026 compared to the Three Months Ended June 30, 2025

Net revenues for the three months ended June 30, 2026 were $2,108.9 as compared to $1,943.6 for the three months ended June 30, 2025, an increase of 8.5%. The components of revenue growth for the three months ended June 30, 2026 were as follows:

[[GREPCENT_TABLE]]
[["","Application Software","","Network Software","","Technology Enabled Products","","","","Roper"],["Total Revenue Growth","7.8","%","","11.8","%","","7.3","%","","","","8.5","%"],["Less Impacts of:"],["Acquisitions","3.1","","","8.2","","","\u2014","","","","","3.4"],["Foreign Exchange","0.2","","","\u2014","","","0.2","","","","","0.2"],["Organic Revenue Growth","4.5","%","","3.6","%","","7.1","%","","","","4.9","%"]]
[[/GREPCENT_TABLE]]

In our Application Software segment, net revenues in the second quarter of 2026 grew 7.8% to $1,180.8 as compared to $1,094.9 in the second quarter of 2025. The growth of 4.5% in organic revenues was broad-based across the segment, led by our application software businesses serving the legal, project-based private sector, property and casualty insurance, higher education, and acute healthcare markets. Growth from acquisitions was led by our 2025 acquisitions of CentralReach and Orchard Software. Gross margin increased to 69.8% in the second quarter of 2026 as compared to 68.8% in the second quarter of 2025 due primarily to improved leverage on higher organic revenues. SG&A expenses as a percentage of net revenues increased to 42.3% in the second quarter of 2026 as compared to 41.9% in the second quarter of 2025 due primarily to higher amortization of acquired intangibles from the 2025 acquisition of CentralReach, partially offset by improved operating leverage on higher revenues. As a result, operating margin was 27.4% in the second quarter of 2026 as compared to 26.9% in the second quarter of 2025.

In our Network Software segment, net revenues in the second quarter of 2026 grew 11.8% to $430.9 as compared to $385.4 in the second quarter of 2025, led by contributions from 2025 acquisitions, most notably Subsplash. The growth of 3.6% in organic revenues was led by our network software businesses serving the freight match, construction, and media and entertainment markets. These increases were partially offset by declines in our alternate site group purchasing business and non-recurring professional services revenue at our business serving the life insurance/annuities market. Gross margin increased to 84.3% in the second quarter of 2026 as compared to 83.2% in the second quarter of 2025 due primarily to lower amortization associated with fully amortized acquired intangibles, partially offset by margin profiles associated with our 2025 acquisitions, most notably payments revenue mix from Subsplash as well as the Convoy platform within our freight match software business. SG&A expenses as a percentage of net revenues increased to 43.4% in the second quarter of 2026 as compared to 39.3% in the second quarter o

[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]

## Latest 10-K MD&A (excerpt)

Latest 10-K Item 7 source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000088283526000009/rop-20251231.htm
Complete FY 2025 MD&A: /company/ROP/mda/fy2025/

Extracted structurally from real Item 7 body heading to real Item 7A/8 boundary.
Confidence: high
Filing date: 2026-02-24
Report date: 2025-12-31

ITEM 7.     MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Amounts are in millions unless specified, except per share data

This item generally discusses our 2025 results compared to our 2024 results. Discussions of our 2024 results compared to our 2023 results can be found within Part II, Item 7 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Overview

Roper Technologies, Inc. (“Roper,” the “Company,” “we,” “our,” or “us”) is a diversified technology company. Roper has a proven, long-term, successful track record of compounding cash flow and increasing shareholder value. We operate market leading businesses that design and develop vertical software and technology enabled products for a variety of defensible niche markets.

We pursue consistent and sustainable growth in revenue, earnings, and cash flow by enabling continuous improvement in the operating performance of our existing businesses and by acquiring businesses that offer high value-added software, services, technology-enabled products, and solutions that we believe are capable of realizing growth while maintaining high margins.

In November 2022, Roper completed the divestiture of a majority equity stake in its industrial businesses, including its entire historical Process Technologies reportable segment and the industrial businesses within its historical Measurement & Analytical Solutions reportable segment (collectively “Indicor”), to CD&R. Following the sale of the majority equity stake, Roper retained a minority equity interest in Indicor. See Note 9 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report for additional information regarding Roper’s minority equity interest in Indicor.

The financial results of Indicor are reported as discontinued operations for all periods presented. Unless otherwise noted, discussion within Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations relates to continuing operations.

Segment Reporting

Roper’s segment reporting structure is based on business model and delivery of performance obligations. The three reportable segments are as follows:

–Application Software—Aderant, CentralReach, Clinisys, Data Innovations, Deltek, Frontline, IntelliTrans, PowerPlan, Procare, Strata, Transact/CBORD, and Vertafore;

–Network Software—ConstructConnect, DAT, Foundry, iPipeline, iTradeNetwork, MHA, SHP, SoftWriters, and Subsplash;

–Technology Enabled Products—CIVCO Medical Solutions, FMI, Inovonics, IPA, Neptune, Northern Digital, rf IDEAS, and Verathon.

Financial information about our reportable segments is presented in Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report.

Application of Critical Accounting Policies

Our Consolidated Financial Statements are prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“GAAP”). A discussion of our significant accounting policies can also be found in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2025 included in this Annual Report.

GAAP offers acceptable alternative methods for accounting for certain issues affecting our financial results, such as determining inventory cost, depreciating long-lived assets, and recognizing revenue. Other than the changes during 2023 as further described in Note 9 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements with respect to the methodology used to value our equity investment in Indicor, we have not changed the application of acceptable accounting methods or the significant estimates affecting the application of these principles in the last three years in a manner that had a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.

23

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires the use of estimates, assumptions, judgments, and interpretations that can affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities, and other supplemental disclosures.

The development of accounting estimates is the responsibility of our management. Our management discusses those areas that require significant judgments with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors. The Audit Committee has reviewed all financial disclosures in our annual filings with the SEC. Although we believe the positions we have taken with regard to uncertainties are reasonable, others might reach different conclusions and our positions can change over time as more information becomes available. If an accounting estimate changes, its effects are accounted for prospectively or through a cumulative catch-up adjustment.

Our most significant accounting uncertainties are encountered in the areas of income taxes, valuation of other intangible assets, goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangibles impairment analyses, and valuation of our equity investment in Indicor. Estimates are considered to be significant if they meet both of the following criteria: (1) the estimate requires assumptions about matters that are uncertain at the time the estimate is made, and (2) changes in the estimate are reasonably likely to have a material financial impact from period-to-period.

Income taxes can be affected by estimates of whether and within which jurisdictions future earnings will occur and if, how, and when cash is repatriated to the U.S., combined with other aspects of an overall income tax strategy. Additionally, taxing jurisdictions could retroactively disagree with our tax treatment of certain items, and some historical transactions have income tax effects going forward. Accounting rules require these future effects to be evaluated using current laws, rules and regulations, each of which can change at any time and in an unpredictable manner. If there is a material change in the actual effective tax rates, the time period within which the underlying temporary differences become taxable or deductible, or if the tax law changes are unfavorable, there could be a resulting increase to income tax expense and the effective tax rate.

Our 2025 effective income tax rate was 20.6% and our 2024 effective income tax rate was 21.2%. We expect the effective tax rate for 2026 to be approximately 21% to 22%.

We account for goodwill in a purchase business combination as the excess purchase price over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired. Goodwill, which is not amortized, is tested for impairment on an annual basis in conjunction with our annual forecast process during the fourth quarter (or an interim basis if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value).

When testing goodwill for impairment, we have the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. If we elect to perform a qualitative assessment and determine that an impairment is more likely than not, we are then required to perform the quantitative impairment test; otherwise, no further analysis is required. Under the qualitative assessment, we consider various qualitative factors, including macroeconomic conditions, relevant industry and market trends, cost factors, overall financial performance, other entity-specific events, and events affecting the reporting unit that could indicate a potential change in the fair value of our reporting unit or the composition of its carrying value. We also consider the specific future outlook for the reporting unit.

We also may elect not to perform the qualitative assessment and, instead, proceed directly to the quantitative impairment test. The quantitative assessment utilizes the equal weighting of both an income approach (discounted cash flow) and a market approach (consisting of a comparable public company earnings multiples methodology) to estimate the fair value of a reporting unit. To determine the reasonableness of the estimated fair values, we review the assumptions to ensure that neither the income approach nor the market approach provides significantly different valuations. If the estimated fair value exceeds the carrying value, no further work is required and no impairment loss is recognized. If the carrying value exceeds the estimated fair value, a non-cash impairment loss is recognized in the amount of that excess.

Key assumptions used in the income and market approaches are updated when the analysis is performed for each reporting unit. The assumptions that have the most significant effect on the fair value calculations are the projected revenue growth rates, future operating margins, discount rates, terminal values, and earnings multiples. While we use reasonable and timely information to prepare our cash flow and discount rate assumptions, actual future cash flows or market conditions could differ significantly and could result in future non-cash impairment charges related to recorded goodwill balances.

24

Recently acquired reporting units generally represent a higher inherent risk of impairment, which typically decreases as the businesses are integrated into our enterprise. Negative industry or economic trends, disruptions to our business, actual results significantly below projections, unexpected significant changes or planned changes in the use of the assets, divestitures, and market capitalization declines may have a negative effect on the fair value of our reporting units.

As of the annual impairment test, Roper has 25 reporting units with individual goodwill amounts ranging from $17.5 to $3,371.9. In 2025, the Company performed its annual impairment test in the fourth quarter for all reporting units. The Company conducted its analysis qualitatively and assessed whether it was more likely than not that the respective fair values of these reporting units were less than their carrying amounts. The Company determined that impairment of goodwill was not likely in any of its reporting units and thus was not required to perform a quantitative assessment for these reporting units as of October 1, 2025.

Trade names that are determined to have an indefinite useful economic life are not amortized, but separately tested for impairment during the fourth quarter of the fiscal year or on an interim basis if an event occurs that indicates the fair value is more likely than not below the carrying value. We first qualitatively assess whether the existence of events or circumstances leads to a determination that it is more likely than not that the estimated fair value of the indefinite-lived trade name is less than its carrying amount. If necessary, we conduct a quantitative assessment using the relief-from-royalty method, which we believe to be an acceptable methodology due to its common use by valuation specialists in determining the fair value of intangible assets. This methodology assumes that, in lieu of ownership, a third party would be willing to pay a royalty in order to exploit the related benefits of these assets. The assumptions that have the most significant effect on the fair value calculations are the royalty rates, projected revenue growth rates, discount rates, and terminal values. Each royalty rate is determined based on the profitability of the trade name to which it relates and observed market royalty rates. Revenue growth rates are determined after considering current and future economic conditions, recent sales trends, discussions with customers, planned timing of new product launches, or other variables. Trade names resulting from recent acquisitions generally represent the highest risk of impairment, which typically decreases as the businesses are integrated into our enterprise.

The assessment of fair value for impairment

[Excerpt truncated for page length; the complete text is on the linked full-MD&A page.]

Read the full FY 2025 MD&A: /company/ROP/mda/fy2025/
All MD&A years: /company/ROP/mda/


## MD&A history

Prior-year 10-K MD&A spans are extracted from SEC filings with the same bounded parser used for the latest filing. Each year's full verbatim text is on its own sub-page.

- [FY 2024 MD&A](/company/ROP/mda/fy2024/): filed 2025-02-24; accession 0000882835-25-000008 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000088283525000008/rop-20241231.htm)
- [FY 2023 MD&A](/company/ROP/mda/fy2023/): filed 2024-02-22; accession 0000882835-24-000008 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000088283524000008/rop-20231231.htm)
- [FY 2022 MD&A](/company/ROP/mda/fy2022/): filed 2023-02-27; accession 0000882835-23-000016 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000088283523000016/rop-20221231.htm)
- [FY 2021 MD&A](/company/ROP/mda/fy2021/): filed 2022-02-22; accession 0000882835-22-000012 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/882835/000088283522000012/rop-20211231.htm)




## Macro cross-references

Indicators mapped to this company's SIC classification (industry 3823 Industrial Instruments For Measurement, Display, and Control) by grepcent's deterministic macro-sector crosswalk. A navigational mapping, not a statistical or causal claim.

- [INDPRO](/indicator/INDPRO/): Industrial Production: Total Index
- [TCU](/indicator/TCU/): Capacity Utilization: Total Index
- [PPIACO](/indicator/PPIACO/): Producer Price Index by Commodity: All Commodities
- [GDPC1](/indicator/GDPC1/): Real Gross Domestic Product
- [DGS10](/indicator/DGS10/): Market Yield on U.S. Treasury Securities at 10-Year Constant Maturity
- [FEDFUNDS](/indicator/FEDFUNDS/): Federal Funds Effective Rate
- [CES0500000003](/indicator/CES0500000003/): Average Hourly Earnings of All Employees, Total Private
- [PAYEMS](/indicator/PAYEMS/): All Employees, Total Nonfarm

Macro-to-micro threads including this sector: [Inflation (CPI / PCE / PPI)](/thread/inflation-cpi-pce-ppi/), [US labor market](/thread/us-labor-market/), [Growth & output](/thread/growth-output/), [Money & trade](/thread/money-trade/), [Government finances](/thread/government-finances/), [Sector employment](/thread/sector-employment/), [Industrial orders & inventories](/thread/industrial-orders/), [Trade & external](/thread/trade-external/).

All macro indicators: /indicators/


## For LLMs & downloads

Markdown twin: /company/ROP.md · JSON record: /company/ROP.json · verified financials: /company/ROP/financials.json / /company/ROP/financials.csv · machine TOC for the whole site: /llms.txt