# YUM BRANDS INC (YUM)

Informational only - not investment advice.

CIK: 0001041061
SIC: 5812 Retail-Eating  Places
SIC breadcrumb: [Retail Trade](/division/G/) > [Eating And Drinking Places](/major-group/58/) > [SIC 5812 Retail-Eating  Places](/industry/5812/)
Latest 10-K filed: 2026-02-20
SEC page: https://www.sec.gov/edgar/browse/?CIK=1041061
Filing source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1041061/000104106126000084/yum-20251231.htm

## At a glance

FY2025 · period end 2025-12-31 · filed 2026-02-20 · accession 0001041061-26-000084 · source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001041061.json

| Metric | Value | FY | Provenance |
| --- | ---: | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 8,214,000,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Net income | 1,559,000,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Assets | 8,197,000,000 USD | 2025 | verified |
| Free cash flow | 1,639,000,000 USD | 2025 | computed |
| Net margin | 18.98% | 2025 | computed |
| Operating margin | 31.34% | 2025 | computed |
| Revenue YoY | +8.81% | 2025 | computed |

Stockholders' equity was not positive at FY2025 year-end (-7,325,000,000 USD, as filed); ROE and liabilities / equity are omitted rather than computed.

Computed values are grepcent-computed from the verified facts above and may differ from ratios the company itself reports. Free cash flow = operating cash flow − capital expenditures. Net margin = net income ÷ revenue. Operating margin = operating income ÷ revenue. Revenue YoY = FY2025 revenue ÷ FY2024 revenue − 1 (consecutive fiscal years only).

Peer groups: [Restaurants and food-service operators](/compare/restaurants/) · SIC 5812 Retail-Eating  Places

No market price, no rating, no forecast on this site. Not investment advice.

## Peer comparisons including YUM

- Restaurants and food-service operators: [peer review](/compare/restaurants/) · [market-risk page](/compare/restaurants/risk/)

### Peer percentile fingerprint

| Ratio | YUM | Peer median | Percentile | N |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net margin | 19.0% | 3.5% | 92 | 25 |
| Operating margin | 31.3% | 5.0% | 95 | 23 |
| Revenue growth | 8.8% | 5.4% | 62 | 25 |
| FCF margin | 20.0% | 5.1% | 96 | 25 |
| ROA | 19.0% | 3.6% | 92 | 25 |
| Current ratio | 1.35 | 0.81 | 79 | 25 |

Percentile = share of the N covered peers reporting that ratio whose value is lower (ties counted half); computed among grepcent-covered companies in SIC industry 5812 Retail-Eating  Places, not the whole market. A higher percentile means a higher value of the ratio, not a better company. Ratios with fewer than 8 reporting peers are omitted. Latest reported values per company; fiscal periods may differ. Descriptive arithmetic - not a score, rating, or ranking.

## Selected Fundamentals
| Metric | Value | Unit | FY | Filed |
| --- | ---: | --- | ---: | --- |
| Revenue | 8214000000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-20 |
| Net income | 1559000000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-20 |
| Assets | 8197000000 | USD | 2025 | 2026-02-20 |

## Financials

Annual standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-02-20. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001041061.json. Derived margins, ratios, and free cash flow are computed from the extracted annual SEC facts.

| Metric | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Revenue |  | 6,356,000,000 | 5,878,000,000 | 5,688,000,000 | 5,597,000,000 | 5,652,000,000 | 6,584,000,000 | 6,842,000,000 | 7,076,000,000 | 7,549,000,000 | 8,214,000,000 |
| Net income |  | 1,643,000,000 | 1,340,000,000 | 1,542,000,000 | 1,294,000,000 | 904,000,000 | 1,575,000,000 | 1,325,000,000 | 1,597,000,000 | 1,486,000,000 | 1,559,000,000 |
| Operating income |  | 1,682,000,000 | 2,761,000,000 | 2,296,000,000 | 1,930,000,000 | 1,503,000,000 | 2,139,000,000 | 2,187,000,000 | 2,318,000,000 | 2,403,000,000 | 2,574,000,000 |
| Diluted EPS |  | 4.10 | 3.77 | 4.69 | 4.14 | 2.94 | 5.21 | 4.57 | 5.59 | 5.22 | 5.55 |
| Operating cash flow | 2,139,000,000 |  | 1,030,000,000 | 1,176,000,000 | 1,315,000,000 | 1,305,000,000 | 1,706,000,000 | 1,427,000,000 | 1,603,000,000 | 1,689,000,000 | 2,010,000,000 |
| Capital expenditures | 973,000,000 |  | 318,000,000 | 234,000,000 | 196,000,000 | 160,000,000 | 230,000,000 | 279,000,000 | 285,000,000 | 257,000,000 | 371,000,000 |
| Dividends paid | 730,000,000 |  | 416,000,000 | 462,000,000 | 511,000,000 | 566,000,000 | 592,000,000 | 649,000,000 | 678,000,000 | 752,000,000 | 789,000,000 |
| Share buybacks | 1,200,000,000 |  | 1,960,000,000 | 2,390,000,000 | 815,000,000 | 239,000,000 | 1,591,000,000 | 1,200,000,000 | 50,000,000 | 441,000,000 | 552,000,000 |
| Assets |  | 5,453,000,000 | 5,311,000,000 | 4,130,000,000 | 5,231,000,000 | 5,852,000,000 | 5,966,000,000 | 5,846,000,000 | 6,231,000,000 | 6,727,000,000 | 8,197,000,000 |
| Liabilities |  | 11,068,000,000 | 11,645,000,000 | 12,056,000,000 | 13,247,000,000 | 13,743,000,000 | 14,339,000,000 | 14,722,000,000 | 14,089,000,000 | 14,375,000,000 | 15,521,000,000 |
| Stockholders' equity |  | -5,615,000,000 | -6,334,000,000 | -7,926,000,000 | -8,016,000,000 | -7,891,000,000 | -8,373,000,000 | -8,876,000,000 | -7,858,000,000 | -7,648,000,000 | -7,325,000,000 |
| Cash and cash equivalents | 737,000,000 |  | 1,522,000,000 | 292,000,000 | 605,000,000 | 730,000,000 | 486,000,000 | 367,000,000 | 512,000,000 | 616,000,000 | 709,000,000 |
| Free cash flow | 1,166,000,000 |  | 712,000,000 | 942,000,000 | 1,119,000,000 | 1,145,000,000 | 1,476,000,000 | 1,148,000,000 | 1,318,000,000 | 1,432,000,000 | 1,639,000,000 |

### Ratios

ROE and ROA use period-end equity/assets. Liabilities / equity uses total liabilities divided by stockholders' equity. Current ratio uses current assets divided by current liabilities when both are reported.

| Metric | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 | 2018 | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 |
| --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: | ---: |
| Net margin |  | 25.85% | 22.80% | 27.11% | 23.12% | 15.99% | 23.92% | 19.37% | 22.57% | 19.68% | 18.98% |
| Operating margin |  | 26.46% | 46.97% | 40.37% | 34.48% | 26.59% | 32.49% | 31.96% | 32.76% | 31.83% | 31.34% |
| Return on assets |  | 30.13% | 25.23% | 37.34% | 24.74% | 15.45% | 26.40% | 22.67% | 25.63% | 22.09% | 19.02% |
| Current ratio |  | 1.15 | 1.66 | 0.93 | 0.99 | 1.01 | 1.08 | 0.97 | 1.26 | 1.47 | 1.35 |

## As-reported value updates

No tracked differences above grepcent's stated thresholds and capped precision rule were found between the earliest XBRL-filed value and the value currently on file for the standardized annual metrics grepcent tracks.


## Quarterly

Quarterly standardized facts from SEC companyfacts as of latest extracted filing date 2026-08-05. Source: https://data.sec.gov/api/xbrl/companyfacts/CIK0001041061.json.

Flow metrics use discrete quarter-length periods from 10-Q/10-Q/A filings. Q4 revenue and net income are derived only when annual FY and nine-month YTD facts exist for the same fiscal year; derived Q4 values are labeled. EPS Q4 is not derived.

| Quarter | End date | Revenue | Net income | Diluted EPS | Method |
| --- | --- | ---: | ---: | ---: | --- |
| 2022-Q3 | 2022-09-30 |  |  | 1.14 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q1 | 2023-03-31 |  |  | 1.05 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q2 | 2023-06-30 |  |  | 1.46 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q3 | 2023-09-30 | 1,708,000,000 | 416,000,000 | 1.46 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2023-Q4 | 2023-12-31 | 2,036,000,000 | 463,000,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2024-Q1 | 2024-03-31 | 1,598,000,000 | 314,000,000 | 1.10 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q2 | 2024-06-30 | 1,763,000,000 | 367,000,000 | 1.28 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q3 | 2024-09-30 | 1,826,000,000 | 382,000,000 | 1.35 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2024-Q4 | 2024-12-31 | 2,362,000,000 | 423,000,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2025-Q1 | 2025-03-31 | 1,787,000,000 | 253,000,000 | 0.90 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q2 | 2025-06-30 | 1,933,000,000 | 374,000,000 | 1.33 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q3 | 2025-09-30 | 1,979,000,000 | 397,000,000 | 1.41 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2025-Q4 | 2025-12-31 | 2,515,000,000 | 535,000,000 |  | derived Q4 = FY annual - nine-month YTD |
| 2026-Q1 | 2026-03-31 | 2,059,000,000 | 432,000,000 | 1.55 | reported discrete quarter |
| 2026-Q2 | 2026-06-30 | 2,169,000,000 | 853,000,000 | 3.08 | reported discrete quarter |

## Filed narrative (10-K & 10-Q)

## Business

Verbatim Item 1 Business section from YUM's latest 10-K: [/company/YUM/business/](/company/YUM/business/).

## Risk Factors

Verbatim Item 1A Risk Factors from YUM's latest 10-K: [/company/YUM/risk-factors/](/company/YUM/risk-factors/).

## Latest quarter (10-Q)

Latest 10-Q source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1041061/000104106126000160/yum-20260630.htm

Extracted structurally from real Item 2 body heading to real Item 3/4 boundary.
Confidence: high
Filing date: 2026-08-05
Report date: 2026-06-30

Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Introduction and Overview

The following Management's Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”), should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (“Financial Statements”), the Forward-Looking Statements and our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025, (“2025 Form 10-K”). All Note references herein refer to the Notes to the Financial Statements.  Tabular amounts are displayed in millions of U.S. dollars except per share and unit count amounts, or as otherwise specifically identified.

Yum! Brands, Inc. and its Subsidiaries (collectively referred to herein as the “Company,” “YUM,” “we,” “us” or “our”) franchise or operate a system of over 64,000 restaurants in 157 countries and territories, primarily under the concepts of KFC, Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and The Habit Burger & Grill (collectively, the “Concepts”).  The Company’s KFC, Taco Bell and Pizza Hut brands are global leaders of the chicken, Mexican-inspired and pizza categories, respectively. The Habit Burger & Grill, is a fast-casual restaurant concept specializing in made-to-order chargrilled burgers, sandwiches and more. Of the over 64,000 restaurants, 97% are operated by franchisees.

YUM currently consists of four operating segments:

•The KFC Division which includes our worldwide operations of the KFC concept

•The Taco Bell Division which includes our worldwide operations of the Taco Bell concept

•The Pizza Hut Division which includes our worldwide operations of the Pizza Hut concept

•The Habit Burger & Grill Division which includes our worldwide operations of the Habit Burger & Grill concept

In 2025, we began a review of strategic options for the Pizza Hut brand. The objective of the review was to create value for YUM, Pizza Hut and its franchise partners by determining the optimal approach to best capitalize on Pizza Hut's structural advantages — strong brand equity, experienced franchise partners and meaningful scale — in the highly fragmented pizza market. In June 2026, we entered into two definitive agreements to sell the Pizza Hut brand thereby completing this review (see Note 3 for discussion regarding the agreements).

Through our Recipe for Good Growth, our mission is to grow iconic restaurant brands globally that are loved, trusted and connected:

Loved: We grow by delighting customers with craveable food and a distinctive experience.

Trusted: We operate responsibly with consistency and efficiency in our restaurants, across our system and in our communities. This includes a commitment to our priorities for social responsibility, risk management and sustainable stewardship of resources.

Connected: We use our teamwork, technology and global scale to serve every customer, everywhere, anytime.

In 2026 and beyond, we intend to drive the next chapter of growth for YUM by Raising the B.A.R. through three clear priorities that reflect bold aspirations and a commitment to industry-leading performance:

•Battle for the future consumer by staying relentlessly focused on their needs and wants.

•Accelerate restaurant unit economics for our franchisees and maximize performance of every restaurant, serving as a catalyst for new unit development and keeping our franchise system healthy.

•Reach the full potential of Byte by Yum! by effectively operating, innovating and expanding our connected platform built by restaurant operators for restaurant operators to unlock its full potential for our franchise partners and our business.

Key to our success fueling brand performance and franchise success is our unrivaled culture and talent and leading with smart, heart and courage.

We intend to drive long-term growth and shareholder returns primarily through consistent same-store sales growth and new unit development across all of our Concepts. We intend to support this growth and development through a capital and operating structure that:

27

•Invests capital in a manner consistent with an asset light, franchisor model;

•Allocates G&A in an efficient manner that provides leverage to operating profit growth while at the same time opportunistically investing in strategic growth initiatives;

•Targets a consolidated net leverage ratio that balances shareholder returns, cost of capital and flexibility against various risk factors; and

•Maximizes shareholder return through a combination of paying a competitive dividend and returning excess cash flow through share repurchases.

We intend for this MD&A to provide the reader with information that will assist in understanding our results of operations, including performance metrics that management uses to assess the Company's performance. Throughout this MD&A, we commonly discuss the following performance metrics:

•Same-store sales growth is the estimated percentage change in system sales of all restaurants that have been open and in the YUM system for one year or more, including those temporarily closed. From time-to-time restaurants may be temporarily closed due to remodeling or image enhancement, rebuilding, natural disasters, health epidemic or pandemic, landlord disputes, boycotts, social or civil unrest or other issues. The system sales of restaurants we deem temporarily closed remain in our base for purposes of determining same-store sales growth and the restaurants remain in our unit count (see below). We believe same-store sales growth is useful to investors because our results are heavily dependent on the results of our Concepts' existing store base. Additionally, same-store sales growth is reflective of the strength of our Brands, the effectiveness of our operational and advertising initiatives and local economic and consumer trends.

•Gross unit openings reflects new openings by us and our franchisees. Net new unit growth reflects gross unit openings offset by permanent store closures, by us and our franchisees. To determine whether a restaurant meets the definition of a unit we consider whether the restaurant has operations that are ongoing and independent from another YUM unit, serves the primary product of one of our Concepts, operates under a separate franchise agreement (if operated by a franchisee) and has substantial and sustainable sales. We believe gross unit openings and net new unit growth are useful to investors because we depend on new units for a significant portion of our growth. Additionally, gross unit openings and net new unit growth are generally reflective of the economic returns to us and our franchisees from opening and operating our Concept restaurants.

•System sales and System sales excluding the impacts of foreign currency translation (“FX”) reflect the results of all restaurants regardless of ownership, including Company-owned and franchise restaurants. Sales at franchise restaurants typically generate ongoing franchise and license fees for the Company at a rate of 3% to 6% of sales. Increasingly, customers are paying a fee to a third party to deliver or facilitate the ordering of our Concepts' products. We also include in System sales any portion of the amount customers pay these third parties for which the third party is obligated to pay us a license fee as a percentage of such amount. Franchise restaurant sales and fees paid by customers to third parties to deliver or facilitate the ordering of our Concepts' products are not included in Company sales on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income; however, any resulting franchise and license fees we receive are included in the Company's revenues. We believe System sales growth is useful to investors as a significant indicator of the overall strength of our business as it incorporates our primary revenue drivers, Company and franchise same-store sales as well as net new unit growth.

In addition to the results provided in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), the Company provides the following non-GAAP measurements:

•Diluted Earnings Per Share excluding Special Items (as defined below);

•Effective Tax Rate excluding Special Items;

•Core Operating Profit. Core Operating Profit excludes Special Items and FX and we use Core Operating Profit for the purposes of evaluating performance internally;

•Net Income excluding Special Items;

•Company restaurant profit and Company restaurant margin as a percentage of sales (as defined below).

28

These non-GAAP measurements are not intended to replace the presentation of our financial results in accordance with GAAP. Rather, the Company believes that the presentation of these non-GAAP measurements provide additional information to investors to facilitate the comparison of past and present operations.

Special Items are not included in any of our Division segment results as the Company does not believe they are indicative of our ongoing operations due to their size and/or nature. Our chief operating decision maker does not consider the impact of Special Items when assessing segment performance.

Company restaurant profit is defined as Company sales less Company restaurant expenses, both of which appear on the face of our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income. Company restaurant expenses include those expenses incurred directly by our Company-owned restaurants in generating Company sales, including cost of food and paper, cost of restaurant-level labor, rent, depreciation and amortization of restaurant-level assets and advertising expenses incurred by and on behalf of that Company restaurant. Company restaurant margin as a percentage of sales (“Company restaurant margin %”) is defined as Company restaurant profit divided by Company sales. We use Company restaurant profit for the purposes of internally evaluating the performance of our Company-owned restaurants and we believe Company restaurant profit provides useful information to investors as to the profitability of our Company-owned restaurants. In calculating Company restaurant profit, the Company excludes revenues and expenses directly associated with our franchise operations as well as non-restaurant-level costs included in General and administrative expenses, some of which may support Company-owned restaurant operations. The Company also excludes restaurant-level asset impairment and closures expenses, which have historically not been significant, from the determination of Company restaurant profit as such expenses are not believed to be indicative of ongoing operations. Further, while we generally include depreciation and amortization of restaurant-level assets within Divisional Company restaurant expenses used to derive Divisional Company restaurant profit, we record amortization of reacquired franchise rights arising from acquisition accounting within Corporate and unallocated Company restaurant expenses as such amortization is not believed to be indicative of ongoing Divisional results as well as to enhance comparability of acquired stores' margins with those of existing restaurants. Company restaurant profit and Company restaurant margin % as presented may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of other companies in the industry.

Certain performance metrics and non-GAAP measurements are presented excluding the impact of FX. These amounts are derived by translating current year results at prior year average exchange rates. We believe the elimination of the FX impact provides better year-to-year comparability without the distortion of foreign currency fluctuations.

Certain General and administrative expenses allocations between KFC Division and Corporate and Unallocated for the prior periods have been restated to be comparable with the allocations for the quarter and year to date ended June 30, 2026.

Results of Operations

Summary  

All comparisons within this summary are versus the same period a year ago.

Quarterly Financial Highlights:

[[G

[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]

## Latest 10-K MD&A (excerpt)

Latest 10-K Item 7 source: https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1041061/000104106126000084/yum-20251231.htm
Complete FY 2025 MD&A: /company/YUM/mda/fy2025/

Extracted structurally from real Item 7 body heading to real Item 7A/8 boundary.
Confidence: high
Filing date: 2026-02-20
Report date: 2025-12-31

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Introduction and Overview

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis (“MD&A”), should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements (“Financial Statements”) in Item 8 and the Forward-Looking Statements and the Risk Factors set forth in Item 1A. All Note references herein refer to the Notes to the Financial Statements. Tabular amounts are displayed in millions of U.S. dollars except per share and unit count amounts, or as otherwise specifically identified.

In the first quarter of 2025, the Company prospectively changed its basis of presentation to round financial figures in the Financial Statements and as presented in the tabular presentations in this MD&A to the nearest whole number in millions in all instances. As a result, some totals and percentages may not recompute based on rounded figures as presented within this MD&A. Previously, amounts were presented to ensure that all numbers herein recomputed, resulting in the presentation of certain figures inconsistent with their underlying rounding.

Yum! Brands, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to herein as the “Company”, “YUM”, “we”, “us” or “our”) franchise or operate a system of over 63,000 restaurants in 155 countries and territories, primarily under the concepts of KFC, Taco Bell, Pizza Hut and Habit Burger & Grill (collectively, the “Concepts”). The Company’s KFC, Taco Bell and Pizza Hut brands are global leaders of the chicken, Mexican-style food and pizza categories, respectively. The Habit Burger & Grill is a fast-casual restaurant concept specializing in made-to-order chargrilled burgers, sandwiches and more. Of the over 63,000 restaurants, 97% are operated by franchisees.

As of December 31, 2025, YUM consists of four operating segments:

•The KFC Division which includes our worldwide operations of the KFC concept

•The Taco Bell Division which includes our worldwide operations of the Taco Bell concept

•The Pizza Hut Division which includes our worldwide operations of the Pizza Hut concept

•The Habit Burger & Grill Division which includes our worldwide operations of the Habit Burger & Grill concept

Through our Recipe for Good Growth we strive to grow iconic restaurant brands around the world that are loved by our customers, trusted everywhere we operate and connected through teamwork, technology and our global scale. These three ideas - being loved, trusted and connected - guide how we operate across our global system and engage with our customers, teams and communities:

Loved: We grow by delighting customers with craveable food and distinctive experiences.

Trusted: We operate responsibly with consistency and efficiency in our restaurants, across our system and in our communities. This includes a commitment to our priorities for social responsibility, risk management and sustainable stewardship of resources.

Connected: We use our teamwork, technology and global scale to serve every customer, everywhere, anytime.

As we enter into 2026, we intend to drive the next chapter of growth for YUM by Raising the B.A.R. through three clear priorities that reflect bold aspirations and a commitment to industry-leading performance:

•Battle for the future consumer by staying relentlessly focused on their needs and wants.

•Accelerate restaurant unit economics for our franchisees and maximize performance of every restaurant, serving as a catalyst for new unit development and keeping our franchise system healthy.

•Reach the full potential of Byte by Yum! by effectively operating, innovating and expanding our connected platform built by restaurant operators for restaurant operators to unlock its full potential for our franchise partners and our business.

Key to our success fueling brand performance and franchise success is our unrivaled culture and talent and leading with smart, heart and courage.

We intend to drive long-term growth and shareholder returns primarily through consistent same-store sales growth and new unit development across all of our Concepts. We intend to support this growth and development through a capital and operating structure that:

30

•Invests capital in a manner consistent with an asset light, franchisor model;

•Allocates G&A in an efficient manner that provides leverage to operating profit growth while at the same time opportunistically investing in strategic growth initiatives;

•Targets a consolidated net leverage ratio that balances shareholder returns, cost of capital and flexibility against various risk factors; and

•Maximizes shareholder return through a combination of paying a competitive dividend and returning excess cash flow through share repurchases.

We intend for this MD&A to provide the reader with information that will assist in understanding our results of operations, including performance metrics that management uses to assess the Company’s performance. Throughout this MD&A, we commonly discuss the following performance metrics:

•Same-store sales growth is the estimated percentage change in system sales of all restaurants that have been open and in the YUM system for one year or more, including those temporarily closed. From time-to-time restaurants may be temporarily closed due to remodeling or image enhancement, rebuilding, natural disasters, health epidemic or pandemic, landlord disputes, boycotts, social or civil unrest or other issues. The system sales of restaurants we deem temporarily closed remain in our base for purposes of determining same-store sales growth and the restaurants remain in our unit count (see below). Same-store sales growth excludes, for subsidiaries operating on a monthly calendar, the extra day resulting from a leap year and excludes, for subsidiaries operating on a weekly periodic calendar, the last week of the year in fiscal years with 53 weeks. We believe same-store sales growth is useful to investors because our results are heavily dependent on the results of our Concepts' existing store base. Additionally, same-store sales growth is reflective of the strength of our Brands, the effectiveness of our operational and advertising initiatives and local economic and consumer trends.

•Gross unit openings reflects new openings by us and our franchisees. Net new unit growth reflects gross unit openings offset by permanent store closures, by us and our franchisees. To determine whether a restaurant meets the definition of a unit we consider factors such as whether the restaurant has operations that are ongoing and independent from another YUM unit, serves the primary product of one of our Concepts, operates under a separate franchise agreement (if operated by a franchisee) and has substantial and sustainable sales. We believe gross unit openings and net new unit growth are useful to investors because we depend on new units for a significant portion of our growth. Additionally, gross unit openings and net new unit growth are generally reflective of the economic returns to us and our franchisees from opening and operating our Concept restaurants.

•System sales, System sales excluding the impacts of foreign currency translation (“FX”) and, in 2024, System sales excluding FX and the 53rd week for our U.S. subsidiaries and certain international subsidiaries that operate on a weekly periodic calendar, reflect the results of all restaurants regardless of ownership, including Company-owned and franchise restaurants. Sales at franchise restaurants typically generate ongoing franchise and license fees for the Company at a rate of 3% to 6% of sales. Increasingly, customers are paying a fee to a third party to deliver or facilitate the ordering of our Concepts’ products. We also include in System sales any portion of the amount customers pay these third parties for which the third party is obligated to pay us a license fee as a percentage of such amount. Franchise restaurant sales and fees paid by customers to third parties to deliver or facilitate the ordering of our Concepts’ products are not included in Company sales on the Consolidated Statements of Income; however, any resulting franchise and license fees we receive are included in the Company’s revenues. We believe System sales growth is useful to investors as a significant indicator of the overall strength of our business as it incorporates our primary revenue drivers, Company and franchise same-store sales as well as net new unit growth.

In addition to the results provided in accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), the Company provides the following non-GAAP measurements.

•Diluted Earnings Per Share (“EP”) excluding Special Items (as defined below) and, in 2024, Diluted EPS excluding Special Items and the 53rd week;

•Effective Tax Rate excluding Special Items and, in 2024, Effective Tax Rate excluding Special Items and the 53rd week;

31

•Core Operating Profit and, in 2024, Core Operating Profit excluding the 53rd week. Core Operating Profit excludes Special Items and FX and we use Core Operating Profit for the purposes of evaluating performance internally;

•Net Income excluding Special Items and, in 2024, Net Income excluding Special Items and the 53rd week;

•Company restaurant profit and Company restaurant margin as a percentage of sales (as defined below).

These non-GAAP measurements are not intended to replace the presentation of our financial results in accordance with GAAP. Rather, the Company believes that the presentation of these non-GAAP measurements provide additional information to investors to facilitate the comparison of past and present operations.

Special Items are not included in any of our Division segment results as the Company does not believe they are indicative of our ongoing operations due to their size and/or nature. Our chief operating decision maker does not consider the impact of Special Items when assessing segment performance.

Company restaurant profit is defined as Company sales less Company restaurant expenses, both of which appear on the face of our Consolidated Statements of Income. Company restaurant expenses include those expenses incurred directly by our Company-owned restaurants in generating Company sales, including cost of food and paper, cost of restaurant-level labor, rent, depreciation and amortization of restaurant-level assets and advertising expenses incurred by and on behalf of that Company restaurant. Company restaurant margin as a percentage of sales (“Company restaurant margin %”) is defined as Company restaurant profit divided by Company sales. We use Company restaurant profit for the purposes of internally evaluating the performance of our Company-owned restaurants and we believe Company restaurant profit provides useful information to investors as to the profitability of our Company-owned restaurants. In calculating Company restaurant profit, the Company excludes revenues and expenses directly associated with our franchise operations as well as non-restaurant-level costs included in General and administrative expenses, some of which may support Company-owned restaurant operations. The Company also excludes restaurant-level asset impairment and closures expenses, which have historically not been significant, from the determination of Company restaurant profit as such expenses are not believed to be indicative of ongoing operations. Further, while we generally include depreciation and amortization of restaurant-level assets within Divisional Company restaurant expenses used to derive Divisional Company restaurant profit, we record amortization of reacquired franchise rights arising from acquisition accounting within Corporate and unallocated Company restaurant expenses as such amortization is not believed to be indicative of ongoing Divisional results as well as to enhance comparability of acquired stores’ margins with those of existing restauran

[Excerpt truncated for page length; the complete text is on the linked full-MD&A page.]

Read the full FY 2025 MD&A: /company/YUM/mda/fy2025/
All MD&A years: /company/YUM/mda/


## MD&A history

Prior-year 10-K MD&A spans are extracted from SEC filings with the same bounded parser used for the latest filing. Each year's full verbatim text is on its own sub-page.

- [FY 2024 MD&A](/company/YUM/mda/fy2024/): filed 2025-02-19; accession 0001041061-25-000013 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1041061/000104106125000013/yum-20241231.htm)
- [FY 2023 MD&A](/company/YUM/mda/fy2023/): filed 2024-02-20; accession 0001041061-24-000011 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1041061/000104106124000011/yum-20231231.htm)
- [FY 2022 MD&A](/company/YUM/mda/fy2022/): filed 2023-02-27; accession 0001041061-23-000009 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1041061/000104106123000009/yum-20221231.htm)
- [FY 2021 MD&A](/company/YUM/mda/fy2021/): filed 2022-02-23; accession 0001041061-22-000009 (https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1041061/000104106122000009/yum-20211231.htm)




## Macro cross-references

Indicators mapped to this company's SIC classification (industry 5812 Retail-Eating  Places) by grepcent's deterministic macro-sector crosswalk. A navigational mapping, not a statistical or causal claim.

- [PCE](/indicator/PCE/): Personal Consumption Expenditures
- [DSPIC96](/indicator/DSPIC96/): Real Disposable Personal Income
- [PSAVERT](/indicator/PSAVERT/): Personal Saving Rate
- [PAYEMS](/indicator/PAYEMS/): All Employees, Total Nonfarm

Macro-to-micro threads including this sector: [Inflation (CPI / PCE / PPI)](/thread/inflation-cpi-pce-ppi/), [US labor market](/thread/us-labor-market/), [Growth & output](/thread/growth-output/), [Sector employment](/thread/sector-employment/), [Industrial orders & inventories](/thread/industrial-orders/), [Trade & external](/thread/trade-external/).

All macro indicators: /indicators/


## For LLMs & downloads

Markdown twin: /company/YUM.md · JSON record: /company/YUM.json · verified financials: /company/YUM/financials.json / /company/YUM/financials.csv · machine TOC for the whole site: /llms.txt