AMERICAN EAGLE OUTFITTERS INC (AEO)

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.

The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (this "MD&A") is intended to help the reader understand the Company, our operations and our present business environment. This MD&A is provided as a supplement to — and should be read in conjunction with — our MD&A for Fiscal 2025, which can be found in Part II, Item 7 of our Fiscal 2025 Form 10-K.

In addition, the following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations are based upon our Consolidated Financial Statements and should be read in conjunction with these statements and notes thereto.

Introduction

This MD&A is organized as follows:

Recent accounting pronouncements the Company has adopted or is currently evaluating prior to adoption, including the dates of adoption or expected dates of adoption, as applicable, and anticipated effects on the Company’s audited Consolidated Financial Statements, are included in Note 2, Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

Executive Overview

We are a leading global specialty retailer offering high-quality, on-trend clothing, accessories and personal care products at affordable prices under our American Eagle® and Aerie® brands.

We have two reportable segments, American Eagle and Aerie. Our Chief Operating Decision Maker (defined as our CEO) analyzes segment results and allocates resources based on adjusted operating income (loss), which is a non-GAAP financial measure. See Note 12, Segment Reporting, to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for additional information.

Key Performance Indicators

Our management evaluates the following items, which are considered key performance indicators, in assessing our performance:

Comparable Sales — Comparable sales and comparable sales changes provide a measure of sales growth for stores and channels open at least one year over the comparable prior year period. In fiscal years following those with 53 weeks, the prior year period is shifted by one week to compare similar calendar weeks. A store is included in comparable sales in the 13th month of operation. However, stores that have a gross square footage change of 25% or greater due to a remodel are removed from the comparable sales base but are included in total sales. These stores are returned to the comparable sales base in the 13th month following the remodel. Sales from American Eagle, Aerie, Todd Snyder, and Unsubscribed stores, as well as sales from AEO Direct and other digital channels, are included in total comparable sales. Sales from licensed stores are not included in comparable sales. Individual American Eagle and Aerie brand comparable sales disclosures include sales from stores and AEO Direct.

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Omni-Channel Sales Performance – Our management utilizes the following quality of sales metrics in evaluating our omni-channel sales performance: comparable sales, average unit retail price, total transactions, units per transaction, and consolidated comparable traffic. We include these metrics in our discussion within this MD&A when we believe that they enhance the understanding of the matter being discussed. Investors may find them useful as such. Each of these metrics is defined as follows (except comparable sales, which is defined separately above):

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Average unit retail price represents the selling price of our goods. It is the cumulative net sales divided by the net units sold for a period of time.

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Total transactions represents the count of customer transactions over a period of time (inclusive of Company-owned stores and AEO Direct, unless specified otherwise).

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Units per transaction represents the number of units sold divided by total transactions over a period of time (inclusive of Company-owned stores and AEO Direct, unless specified otherwise).

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Consolidated comparable traffic represents visits to our Company-owned stores, limited to those stores that qualify to be included in comparable sales as defined above, including AEO Direct, over a period of time.

Gross Profit — Gross profit measures whether we are optimizing the profitability of our sales. Gross profit is the difference between total net revenue and cost of sales. Cost of sales consists of merchandise costs, including design, sourcing, importing, and inbound freight costs, as well as markdowns, shrinkage and certain promotional costs, buying, occupancy and warehousing costs and services and, until the completion of its operational wind-down, Quiet Platforms costs to service its customers. Design costs consist of compensation, rent, depreciation, travel, supplies, and samples.

Buying, occupancy and warehousing costs and services consist of compensation, employee benefit expenses and travel for our buyers and certain senior merchandising executives; rent and utilities related to our stores, corporate headquarters, distribution centers and other office space; freight from our distribution centers to the stores; compensation and supplies for our distribution centers, including purchasing, receiving and inspection costs; and shipping and handling costs related to our e-commerce operations.

The inability to obtain acceptable levels of sales, initial markups or any significant increase in our use of markdowns could have an adverse effect on our gross consolidated profit and results of operations.

Operating Income — Our management views operating income as a key indicator of our performance. The key drivers of operating income are net revenue, gross profit, our ability to control selling. general, and administrative ("SG&A") expenses, and our level of capital expenditures.

Cash Flow and Liquidity — Our management evaluates cash flow from operations and investing and financing activities in determining the sufficiency of our cash position and capital allocation strategies. Cash flow has historically been sufficient to cover our uses of cash. Our management believes that cash flow and liquidity will be sufficient to fund anticipated capital expenditures and working capital requirements for the next twelve months and beyond.

Current Trends and Outlook

Macroeconomic Conditions, Inflation and Tariffs

During the 13 weeks ended May 2, 2026, our results were negatively impacted by macro-economic challenges and global inflationary pressures impacting consumer spending behavior.

In addition, trade policies and continued uncertainty related thereto, including with respect to tariffs and other restrictions, relating to countries from which we source our merchandise and raw materials, have created a dynamic and unpredictable trade landscape. This has and may continue to adversely impact our business and operations. On February 20, 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the U.S. administration’s imposition of tariffs pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”) was unlawful, striking down the 10% global baseline tariff, as well as the higher tariffs imposed on certain U.S. trading partners. The U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling did not affect all of the recently imposed tariffs, including those imposed following trade remedy investigations by the Department of Commerce or the U.S. Trade Representative. Nor does the ruling prohibit the imposition of future tariffs through alternative trade authorities available to the U.S. administration. Shortly after the U.S. Supreme Court's ruling, effective February 24, 2026, the U.S. administration imposed a new 10% global tariff for a period of 150 days pursuant to a balance-of-payments provision in Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974, which was invalidated by the Court of International Trade ("CIT") on May 7, 2026, though relief was limited to the named plaintiffs, and litigation is ongoing following the government's appeal. The U.S. administration further announced that it would begin additional trade remedy investigations into certain trading partners pursuant to Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 and with respect to certain product sectors pursuant to Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. The U.S. Supreme Court decision invalidating the IEEPA tariffs did not address a remedy or refunds, which instead have been addressed in cases in front

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of the CIT. The CIT ordered U.S. Customs and Border Protection ("CBP") to issue refunds for all IEEPA tariffs, plus interest. Pursuant to this order from CIT, CBP developed and implemented a process to facilitate refunds through its Consolidated Administration and Processing of Entries (“CAPE”) system, the first phase of which went live on April 20, 2026. As of the date of this Quarterly Report, the Company has submitted all refund claims currently eligible for refund in the first phase of CAPE. While the Company has taken steps to preserve its rights, no assurance can be given that all requests for IEEPA tariff refunds will be realized.

Accordingly, uncertainty with respect to tariffs remains ongoing. The imposition of tariffs by the U.S. government, associated geopolitical tensions, including reciprocal tariffs by trading partners, and uncertainties regarding U.S. import tariffs have and may further affect our margins and operations or could lead to further weakened business conditions for our industry. We continue to evaluate the impact of tariffs and other trade policies on our business. Refer to Note 11, Commitments and Contingencies and Note 14. Subsequent Events to the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information on U.S. tariffs.

For further information about the risks associated with global economic conditions and the effect of economic pressures on our business, see "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of our Fiscal 2025 Form 10-K.

Omni-Channel Capabilities

The Company operates stores in the United States, Canada and Mexico, with merchandise available in more than 30 countries through a global network of license partners. Additionally, the Company operates a robust e-commerce business across its brands.

Over the past several years, we have invested in building our technologies and digital capabilities. We focused our investments in three key areas: making significant advances in mobile technology, investing in digital marketing and improving the digital customer experience.

Results of Operations

Overview

We entered 2026 with strong momentum and delivered a solid start to the fiscal year, with double-digit revenue growth. The first quarter of Fiscal 2026 reflected the strength of our portfolio and highlighted the strength of the Aerie brand, which delivered exceptional growth and profitability across channels. We continue to prioritize operational excellence and financial discipline to create long-term value for AEO and its shareholders.

Compared to the first 13 weeks of Fiscal 2025:

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Total revenue increased 10% to $1.195 billion from $1.090 billion, with Aerie revenue increasing 34% year-over-year, and American Eagle revenue decreasing 2% year-over-year. Total comparable sales increased 8%. Aerie's comparable sales increased 25% year-over-year, and American Eagle's comparable sales decreased 2% year-over-year.

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Gross profit increased 41% to $456 million year-over-year, and increased by 860 basis points to 38.2% as a percentage of revenue.

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Operating income of $28 million increased 133% compared to an $85 million operating loss last year, and increased 141% compared to the adjusted operating loss of $68 million last year.

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Diluted earnings per share increased to $0.14 for the 13 weeks ended May 2, 2026, compared to diluted loss per

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is intended to help the reader understand the Company, our operations and our present business environment. MD&A is provided as a supplement to — and should be read in conjunction with — our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying Notes thereto contained in Part II, Item 8 – Financial Statements and Supplementary Data " — of this report.

This MD&A generally discusses Fiscal 2025 and Fiscal 2024 and provides year-to-year comparisons between Fiscal 2025 and Fiscal 2024. Discussions of Fiscal 2023 and year-to-year comparisons between Fiscal 2024 and Fiscal 2023 that are not included in this Annual Report can be found in "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in Part II. Item 7 of our annual report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended February 1, 2025.

Introduction

This MD&A is organized as follows:

Executive Overview

We are a leading global specialty retailer offering high-quality, on-trend clothing, accessories and personal care products at affordable prices under our American Eagle® and Aerie® brands.

We have two reportable segments, American Eagle and Aerie. Our Chief Operating Decision Maker (defined as our CEO) analyzes segment results and allocates resources between segments based on adjusted operating income, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. See "Non-GAAP Information" below and Note 14, Segment Reporting, to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for additional information.

Key Performance Indicators

Our management evaluates the following items, which are considered key performance indicators, in assessing our performance:

Comparable Sales — Comparable sales and comparable sales changes provide a measure of sales growth for stores and channels open at least one year over the comparable prior-year period. In fiscal years following those with 53 weeks, the prior-year period is shifted by one week to compare similar calendar weeks. A store is included in comparable sales in the 13th month of operation. However, stores that have a gross square footage change of 25% or greater due to a remodel are removed from the comparable sales base, but are included in total sales. These stores are returned to the comparable sales base in the 13th month following the remodel. Sales from American Eagle, Aerie, Todd Snyder, and Unsubscribed stores, as well as sales from AEO Direct and other digital channels, are included in total comparable sales. Sales from licensed stores are not included in comparable sales. Individual American Eagle and Aerie brand comparable sales disclosures include sales from stores and AEO Direct.

Omni-Channel Sales Performance — Our management utilizes the following quality of sales metrics in evaluating our omni-channel sales performance: comparable sales, average unit retail price, total transactions, units per transaction, and consolidated comparable traffic. We include these metrics in our discussion within this MD&A when we believe that they enhance the understanding of the matter being discussed. Investors may find them useful as such. Each of these metrics is defined as follows (except comparable sales, which is defined separately above):

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•
Average unit retail price represents the selling price of our goods. It is the cumulative net sales divided by the net units sold for a period of time.

•
Total transactions represents the count of customer transactions over a period of time (inclusive of Company-owned stores and AEO Direct, unless specified otherwise).

•
Units per transaction represents the number of units sold divided by total transactions over a period of time (inclusive of Company-owned stores and AEO Direct, unless specified otherwise).

•
Consolidated comparable traffic represents visits to our Company-owned stores, limited to those stores that qualify to be included in comparable sales as defined above, including AEO Direct, over a period of time.

Gross Profit — Gross profit measures whether we are optimizing the profitability of our sales. Gross profit is the difference between total net revenue and cost of sales. Cost of sales consists of merchandise costs, including design, sourcing, importing, and inbound freight costs, as well as markdowns, shrinkage and certain promotional costs, Quiet Platforms costs to service our customers and buying, occupancy and warehousing costs and services. Design costs consist of compensation, rent, depreciation, travel, supplies, and samples.

Buying, occupancy and warehousing costs and services consists of compensation, employee benefit expenses and travel for our buyers and certain senior merchandising executives; rent and utilities related to our stores, corporate headquarters, distribution centers and other office space; freight from our distribution centers to the stores; compensation and supplies for our distribution centers, including purchasing, receiving and inspection costs; and shipping and handling costs related to our e-commerce operations.

The inability to obtain acceptable levels of sales, initial markups or any significant increase in our use of markdowns could have an adverse effect on our consolidated gross profit and results of operations.

Operating Income — Our management views operating income as a key indicator of our performance. The key drivers of operating income are net revenue, gross profit, our ability to control selling, general, and administrative ("SG&A") expenses, and our level of capital expenditures.

Cash Flow and Liquidity — Our management evaluates cash flow from operations and investing and financing activities in determining the sufficiency of our cash position and capital allocation strategies. Cash flow has historically been sufficient to cover our uses of cash. Our management believes that cash flow and liquidity will be sufficient to fund anticipated capital expenditures and working capital requirements for the next 12 months and beyond.

Current Trends and Outlook

Macroeconomic Conditions, Inflation and Tariffs

During Fiscal 2024 and Fiscal 2025, our results were negatively impacted by macro-economic challenges and global inflationary pressures impacting consumer spending behavior, which constrained revenue and increased margin pressure to clear through excess inventory.

In addition, recent trade policies and uncertainty related thereto, including with respect to tariffs and other restrictions, with respect to countries from which we source our merchandise and raw materials, have created a dynamic and unpredictable trade landscape. This has and may continue to adversely impact our business and operations. On February 20, 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court held that the U.S. administration’s imposition of tariffs unlawful pursuant to the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”) was unlawful, striking down the 10% global baseline tariff, as well as the higher tariffs imposed on certain U.S. trading partners. The U.S. Supreme Court’s ruling did not affect all of the recently imposed tariffs, including those imposed following trade remedy investigations by the Department of Commerce or the U.S. Trade Representative. Nor does it prohibit the imposition of future tariffs through alternative trade authorities available to the U.S. administration. On February 20, 2026, shortly after the announced U.S. Supreme Court decision, the U.S. administration announced that it would be imposing a new 10% global tariff for a period of 150 days pursuant to a balance-of-payments provision in Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974, effective February 24, 2026, which is being challenged in court by several US states. The U.S. administration further announced that it would begin additional trade remedy investigations into unidentified trading partners pursuant to Section 301 of the Trade Act of 1974 and with respect to certain unidentified product sectors pursuant to Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962. The Court of International Trade subsequently issued an interim order requiring U.S. Customs and Border Protection ("CBP") to process unliquidated entries without the unlawful tariffs and to develop a plan that could result in refunds of duties previously collected. CBP has indicated it is developing a plan within 45 days to implement that order, however the scope, timing, and ultimate availability of any refunds remains uncertain. While the Company has taken steps to preserve its rights should a refund process be established, no assurance can be given that refunds will be realized.

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Accordingly, uncertainty with respect to tariffs remains ongoing. The imposition of tariffs by the U.S. government, associated geopolitical tensions, including reciprocal tariffs by trading partners, and uncertainties regarding U.S. import tariffs have and may further affect our margins and operations or could lead to further weakened business conditions for our industry. We continue to evaluate the impact of tariffs and other trade policies on our business.

For further information about the risks associated with global economic conditions and the effect of economic pressures on our business, see "Risk Factors" in Part I, Item 1A of this Annual Report.

Results of Operations

Overview

With a deliberate action plan that ignited growth, we improved profitability and cash flow fueling a strong finish to Fiscal 2025. Initiatives across merchandising, operations and marketing continue to strengthen our company and position our brands for long-term success. We remain committed to driving continued profitable growth and strong cash flow for our shareholders. Except as otherwise indicated, all comparisons are to Fiscal 2024.

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Total net revenue increased $219 million to $5.547 billion compared to $5.329 billion last year.

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Total comparable sales increased 3%. By brand, comparable sales for Aerie increased 9%, and American Eagle comparable sales were flat year-over-year.

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Gross profit decreased 3% to $2.025 billion and decreased by 270 basis points to 36.5% as a percentage of revenue.

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Operating income decreased 47% to $226.2 million and decreased by 390 basis points to 4.1% as a percentage of total revenue. Non-GAAP adjusted operating income decreased 26% to $327.8 million and decreased by 240 basis points to 5.9% as a percentage of revenue.

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Net income attributable to AEO decreased 42% to $192.0 million and decreased by 270 basis points to 3.5% as a percentage of total revenue. Diluted earnings per share attributable to AEO decreased to $1.09 for Fiscal 2025 compared to $1.68 for Fiscal 2024. Non-GAAP adjusted net income attributable to AEO decreased 23% to $266.0 million and decreased by 160 basis points to 4.8% as a percentage of revenue. Non-GAAP adjusted diluted earnings per share attributable to AEO decreased to $1.50 for Fiscal 2025 compared to $1.74 for Fiscal 2024.

The following table shows, for the periods indicated, the percentage relationship to total net revenue of the listed items included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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