HF Sinclair Corp (DINO)

Item 2.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This Item 2 contains “forward-looking” statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. In this document, the words “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” refer only to HF Sinclair and its consolidated subsidiaries or to HF Sinclair or an individual subsidiary and not to any other person, with certain exceptions.

We use certain non-GAAP financial measures in our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”). For a description of each of the non-GAAP measures used in this MD&A, please refer to the discussion under “Reconciliations to Amounts Reported Under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” following Item 2 of Part I of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. This Item 2 should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in this interim report. In addition, this Item 2 should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025.

OVERVIEW

We are an independent energy company that produces and markets high-value light products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, renewable diesel and lubricants and specialty products. We own and operate refineries located in Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Wyoming, Washington and Utah. We provide petroleum product and crude oil transportation, terminalling, storage and throughput services to our refineries and the petroleum industry. We market our refined products principally in the Southwest United States, the Rocky Mountains extending into the Pacific Northwest and in other neighboring Plains states, and we supply high-quality fuels to more than 1,800 branded stations and license the use of the Sinclair brand to more than 350 additional locations throughout the country. We produce renewable diesel at two of our facilities in Wyoming and one facility in New Mexico. In addition, we produce and market base oils and other specialized lubricants in the United States, Canada and the Netherlands, and export products to more than 80 countries.

On July 28, 2026, we announced plans to pursue a separation of our Lubricants & Specialties segment through the capital markets, creating a new independent, publicly traded company (the “Potential Separation”). As part of this transformation, we also made the decision to retire our Mississauga, Ontario base oil refining assets, with the transition expected to be substantially completed over the course of 2027 (the “Mississauga Asset Retirement”). The Lubricants & Specialties business will maintain the continued operations of its R&D laboratory, lubricant blending and packaging, as well as supply chain, logistics, and commercial operations, in the Ontario region, and will also continue to deliver base oil solutions through strategic third-party commercial arrangements, complemented by continued access to Group I and specialty products from HF Sinclair’s Tulsa refinery.

Market Developments

For the three months ended June 30, 2026, Net income attributable to HF Sinclair stockholders was $892 million, compared to a Net income attributable to HF Sinclair stockholders of $208 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025. For the six months ended June 30, 2026, Net income attributable to HF Sinclair stockholders was $1,540 million, compared to $204 million for the six months ended June 30, 2025.

Adjusted refinery gross margin per barrel sold increased $9.45, or 57%, from $16.50 for the three months ended June 30, 2025 to $25.95 for the three months ended June 30, 2026. Adjusted refinery gross margin per barrel sold increased $5.22, or 40%, from $12.91 for the six months ended June 30, 2025 to $18.13 for the six months ended June 30, 2026.

In the Refining segment, we saw strong refining margins and volumes in the Mid-Continent and West regions as a result of steady demand, tight supply and favorable crack spreads. Additionally, our results were impacted by planned maintenance at our Parco and Navajo refineries and unplanned maintenance at our El Dorado refinery. For the third quarter of 2026, we expect to run between 590,000-620,000 barrels per day of crude oil, which reflects the planned turnaround at our El Dorado refinery.

In the Renewables segment, margins were favorably impacted in the second quarter of 2026 from improved RINs prices, higher Producer’s Tax Credit (“PTC”) benefits and increased volumes. During the second quarter of 2025, we were only able to recognize partial benefits from the PTC.

In the Marketing segment, we continued to realize strong value from our Sinclair branded sites during the second quarter of 2026, as the marketing business provided a consistent sales channel with margin uplift for our produced fuels. We expect to grow the number of branded sites by approximately 10% annually.

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In the Lubricants & Specialties segment, we saw solid performance (excluding first-in, first out (“FIFO”) impacts), driven by higher sales volumes and product prices during the three months ended June 30, 2026.

In the Midstream segment, our results continued to benefit from higher pipeline revenues and throughput volumes, partially offset by higher operating expenses during the three months ended June 30, 2026.

We continue to review and adjust our operational plans to evolving market conditions. The extent to which our future results are affected by volatile regional and global economic conditions, including ongoing tariff and trade negotiations and global hostilities, such as the ongoing military conflict in the Middle East, will depend on various factors and consequences beyond our control.

On July 28, 2026, our Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly dividend in the amount of $0.525 per share, an increase of 5% over our previous dividend of $0.50 per share. The dividend is payable on September 2, 2026 to holders of record of common stock on August 11, 2026.

Renewable Fuel Standard Regulations

Pursuant to the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act, the EPA promulgated the Renewable Fuel Standard (“RFS”) regulations, which increased the volume of renewable fuels mandated to be blended into the nation’s fuel supply. The regulations, in part, require refiners to satisfy annual renewable volume obligations calculated as a percentage of their petroleum fuel shipments or imports, which may be met through physical blending of renewable fuels or by purchasing and retiring RINs. Compliance with RFS regulations significantly increased our Cost of materials and other, with RINs costs totaling $638 million and $996 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, respectively. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, the Refining segment recognized $163 million and $183 million in revenues related to RINs sales which are included in Sales and other revenues in our consolidated statement of operations. In addition, during the six months ended June 30, 2026, we recognized $21 million in Sales and other revenues related to the small refinery RINs waivers granted by the EPA in the fourth quarter of 2025. At June 30, 2026, our open RINs credit obligations were $493 million. For additional information regarding the RFS and small refinery RINs waivers, refer to the discussion under “Renewable Fuel Standard” in Item 1 of Part II of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

A more detailed discussion of our financial and operating results for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025 is presented in the following sections.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Financial Data

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Item 7.    Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This Item 7 contains “forward-looking” statements. See “Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In this document, the words “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” refer only to HF Sinclair and its consolidated subsidiaries or to HF Sinclair or an individual subsidiary and not to any other person with certain exceptions.

We use certain non-GAAP financial measures in our Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”). For a description of each of the non-GAAP measures used in this MD&A, please refer to the discussion under “Reconciliations to Amounts Reported Under Generally Accepted Accounting Principles” in Item 7 of Part II of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This item should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto included in this Annual Report.

The comparison between the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 have been omitted from this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as such information can be found in Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which was filed on February 20, 2025.

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OVERVIEW

We are an independent energy company that produces and markets high-value light products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, jet fuel, renewable diesel and lubricants and specialty products. We own and operate refineries located in Kansas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Wyoming, Washington and Utah. We provide petroleum product and crude oil transportation, terminalling, storage and throughput services to our refineries and the petroleum industry. We market our refined products principally in the Southwest United States, the Rocky Mountains extending into the Pacific Northwest and in other neighboring Plains states, and we supply high-quality fuels to more than 1,700 branded stations and license the use of the Sinclair brand to more than 350 additional locations throughout the country. We produce renewable diesel at two of our facilities in Wyoming and one facility in New Mexico. In addition, our subsidiaries produce and market base oils and other specialized lubricants in the United States, Canada and the Netherlands, and export products to more than 80 countries.

Market Developments

For the year ended December 31, 2025, Net income attributable to HF Sinclair stockholders was $579 million compared to $177 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. Adjusted refinery gross margin per produced barrel sold in our Refining segment for 2025 increased 47% over the year ended December 31, 2024.

In the Refining segment, we saw improved refining margins in the Mid-Continent and West regions in 2025. Small refinery RINs waivers granted by the EPA increased adjusted refinery gross margins by $485 million. Additionally, our results were impacted by planned turnarounds at our Parco, Puget Sound and Tulsa refineries that were completed during 2025. For the first quarter of 2026, we expect to run between 585,000-615,000 barrels per day of crude oil, which reflects the planned turnarounds at our Puget Sound and Woods Cross refineries.

In the Renewables segment, we saw lower volumes and margins. Margins were negatively impacted by the lower value of benefit from the recognition of the Producer’s Tax Credit (“PTC”) in 2025 compared to the Blender’s Tax Credit in 2024. Margins were also impacted by volatility in feedstock costs, RINs and LCFS prices. For the first quarter of 2026, we expect continued volatility in RINs and LCFS prices and to capture incrementally more value from the PTC.

In the Marketing segment, we saw strong value in the Sinclair branded sites during 2025 as the marketing business provided a consistent sales channel with margin uplift for our produced fuels. We expect to grow the number of branded sites by approximately 10% annually. In February 2026, we announced the formation of Green Trail Fuels, LLC, a new joint venture in which we will hold a 50% non-operating economic interest. The joint venture will include retail sites across Colorado and New Mexico and will be supplied fuel by our refineries, strengthening our branded marketing footprint in the Rocky Mountain and Southwest regions.

In the Lubricants & Specialties segment, we continued to improve our sales mix optimization and base oil integration across our portfolio during 2025. Our results were impacted by the planned turnaround at our Mississauga facility and headwinds related to base oil margins. In the first quarter of 2026, we completed our acquisition of Industrial Oils Unlimited, LLC for $38 million, which will enable us to continue improving our sales mix optimization and base oil integration efforts across our portfolio.

In the Midstream segment, our results benefited from higher third-party pipeline revenues and lower operating expenses in 2025.

We continue to adjust our operational plans to evolving market conditions. The extent to which our future results are affected by volatile regional and global economic conditions, including ongoing tariff and trade negotiations, will depend on various factors and consequences beyond our control.

On May 7, 2024, our Board of Directors authorized a $1.0 billion share repurchase program (the “2024 Share Repurchase Program”). The timing and amount of share repurchases under the 2024 Share Repurchase Program, including those from REH Advisors Inc. (“REH”), will depend on market conditions and corporate, tax, regulatory and other relevant conditions. We repurchased 6,908,293 shares for $340 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, under open market and privately negotiated purchases.

On February 18, 2026, our Board of Directors announced that it declared a regular quarterly dividend in the amount of $0.50 per share. The dividend is payable on March 12, 2026 to holders of record of common stock on March 2, 2026.

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One Big Beautiful Bill Act

On July 4, 2025, the President signed the One Big Beautiful Bill Act (“OBBBA”) into law. Among other things, OBBBA extends the PTC under Section 45Z through the end of 2029, indefinitely extends the first-year depreciation allowance on qualified property placed in service after January 19, 2025, and extends and enhances many of the provisions enacted under the 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The enactment of OBBBA did not materially impact our results of operations but did reduce cash taxes paid.

Renewable Fuel Standard Regulations

Pursuant to the 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act, the EPA promulgated the Renewable Fuel Standard (“RFS”) regulations, which increased the volume of renewable fuels mandated to be blended into the nation’s fuel supply. The regulations, in part, require refiners to annually increase amounts of “renewable fuels” relative to their petroleum products or purchase credits, known as RINs, in lieu of such blending. Compliance with RFS regulations significantly increases our Cost of materials and other, with RINs costs totaling $475 million for the year ended December 31, 2025. Small refinery RINs waivers granted by the EPA increased pre-tax earnings by $485 million, of which $203 million was recognized in Cost of materials and other and $282 million was recognized in Sales and other revenues. At December 31, 2025, our open RINs credit obligations were $43 million.

HF Sinclair Management and Audit Committee Process

As previously disclosed, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors engaged in an assessment of certain matters relating to the Company’s disclosure processes in relation to the reporting of the Company’s financial results for the fourth quarter of 2025 and full-year 2025. That assessment began in January 2026 after Mr. Atanas Atanasov, the Company’s Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, raised concerns that certain actions taken by Mr. Tim Go, Chief Executive Officer and President, created an unfavorable “tone at the top” in relation to the 2025 disclosure processes. The Company’s management and the Audit Committee, with the support of external legal counsel, reviewed the concerns and other relevant information. In the course of these reviews, the Board of Directors developed separate concerns about the approach taken by Mr. Go in some communications made to management during the 2025 disclosure processes. Also, as previously discussed, on February 17, 2026, the Board of Directors received a request from Mr. Go to take a voluntary leave of absence from his duties as an officer and director of the Company. The Board of Directors accepted Mr. Go’s request, and his leave commenced on such date.

On February 17, 2026, the Board of Directors also appointed the current Chairperson of the Board of Directors, Mr. Franklin Myers, as Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company on a temporary basis.

Also, during the latter stages of this review, a separate concern developed relating to certain actions taken by Mr. Atanasov bearing upon the review process conducted by the Company’s management and the Audit Committee and the viability of his future working relationships with other members of the Company’s management team. After discussion of these concerns, on February 24, 2026, the Board of Directors received a request from Mr. Atanasov to take a voluntary leave of absence from his duties. The Board of Directors accepted Mr. Atanasov’s request, and his leave commenced on such date. Also on February 24, 2026, the Board of Directors appointed Mr. Vivek Garg, the Company’s Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Controller, as acting Chief Financial Officer of the Company, effective as of such date. See Item 9B “Other Information.”

The Company currently expects to negotiate a mutually agreeable separation arrangement with each of Mr. Go and Mr. Atanasov.

The Audit Committee has completed its review and has concluded that the certain actions referenced above did not create an unfavorable “tone at the top” in relation to the 2025 disclosure processes and that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective. See Item 9A “Controls and Procedures.”

A more detailed discussion of our financial and operating results for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is presented in the following sections.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Financial Data

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