Innventure, Inc. (INV) FY 2024 MD&A

Item 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Unless the context otherwise requires, references in this section to “we”, “us” and “our” refer to the business and operations of Innventure LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries prior to the Business Combination, which became the business of the Company and its subsidiaries following the consummation of the Business Combination. Unless otherwise indicated, all dollar amounts (“$”) are expressed in thousands.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and other information included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to those differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below in this section and those discussed in the sections titled “Risk Factors” and “Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward–Looking Statements” included elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Additionally, our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any period in the future.

Overview

Innventure founds, funds, and operates companies with a focus on transformative, sustainable technology solutions acquired or licensed from MNCs with the intent to maximize values for investors and other stakeholders through positive cash flow generated through holding long term positions in our Operating Companies. Refer to Item 1. “Business” of this Form 10-K for a detailed discussion of our business activities.

Segments

Based on the allocation of resources and assessment of financial performance by our Chief Executive Officer (who has been determined to be our Chief Operating Decision Maker), we have identified one reportable segment: Technology. The Company’s remaining operations are not reportable segments and are classified as “Other”. “Other” primarily includes the Company’s remaining operations consisting of Innventure’s original platform business, service activities, Refinity and equity method investment activities.

The Business Combination

On October 24, 2023, Learn CW and Innventure LLC entered into a Business Combination Agreement with Holdco, LCW Merger Sub and Innventure Merger Sub. On September 30, 2024, the stockholders of Learn CW approved the Business Combination, and the Business Combination closed on the Closing Date. The Business Combination has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting. The Company determined the accounting acquirer to be Holdco. Accordingly, the Company recorded assets acquired, liabilities assumed and non-controlling interest at their acquisition date fair values and recognized goodwill.

As a consequence of the Business Combination, Innventure, Inc. is the successor to an SEC-registered and Nasdaq listed company which will require Innventure to hire additional personnel and implement procedures and processes to address public company regulatory requirements and customary practices. Innventure expects to incur additional annual expenses as a public company for, among other things, directors’ and officers’ liability insurance, director fees and additional internal and external accounting and legal and administrative resources, including increased audit and legal fees.

Innventure’s future results of consolidated operations and financial position may not be comparable to historical results as a result of the Business Combination.

Financial Summary

Highlights

The year ended December 31, 2024 includes the following highlights:

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•Innventure’s Technology segment began generating revenue related to its cooling systems for data centers.

•Total operational expenses of approximately $10,506 and $12,517, respectively, relate to increased costs associated with public readiness activities connected with the Business Combination and the subsequent reporting requirements related to being a public entity for the Successor (as defined below) period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024 and the Predecessor (as defined below) period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024.

•Cash inflows from equity raises were approximately $19,552 and $26,981, respectively, for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024 and the Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024. These cash inflows from equity raises are compared to net cash outflows related to operating, investing and remaining financing activity of $8,478 and $13,345, respectively, for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024 and the Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024.

•As a result of the Business Combination, $187,500 of intangible assets and $667,936 of goodwill were recognized. Overall, $147,515 of net identifiable assets were acquired.

Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 (in thousands, except as otherwise noted)

To reflect the application of different bases of accounting as a result of the Business Combination, the tables provided below separate the Company’s results via a black line into two distinct periods as follows: (1) up to and including the Closing Date (labeled “Predecessor”) and (2) the period after that date (labeled “Successor”). The periods after October 1, 2024 are the “Successor” period while the periods before October 2, 2024 are the “Predecessor” periods.

Management believes reviewing our operating results for the twelve-months ended December 31, 2024 by combining the results of the Predecessor and Successor periods (“S/P Combined”) is more useful in discussing our overall operating performance when compared to the same period in the prior year. The combined results of operations included in our discussion below are not considered to be prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and have not been prepared as pro forma results under applicable regulations, may not reflect the actual results we would have achieved had the Business Combination occurred at the beginning of fiscal 2024 and should not be viewed as a substitute for the results of operations of the Predecessor and Successor periods presented in accordance with GAAP. Accordingly, in addition to presenting our results of operations as reported in our consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP, the tables below present the non-GAAP combined results for the year.

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*not meaningful

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Revenue

Revenue was $456 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, $764 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and $1,117 for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. Revenue for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $1,220, an increase of $103, or 9.2%, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to new product sales within the Technology segment during the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024. The increase was partially offset by non-recurring consulting revenue provided to certain third parties for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023.

Cost of sales

Cost of sales was $3,752 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, $777 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and nil for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. Cost of sales for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $4,529, an increase of $4,529, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was due to the fact that the Technology segment was pre-revenue for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023 and started generating revenue from product sales during the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024. Cost of sales relate to those costs incurred to generate the new product sale revenue as well as the amortization expense of $2,065 associated with the recognition of intangibles of the Technology segment as part of the Business Combination.

General and administrative

General and administrative expense was $29,652 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, $26,608 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and $17,589 for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. General and administrative expense for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $56,260, an increase of $38,671, or 219.9%, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The increase in expenditure was primarily attributed to an increase in professional services, legal fees and consulting fees related to the Business Combination of $17,600. The remaining increase in expenditure was due to increased employee costs associated with increased bonuses and stock based compensation grants.

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing expense was $2,009 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, $4,178 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and $3,205 for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. Sales and marketing expense for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $6,187, an increase of $2,982, or 93.0%, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to increased compensation costs as a result of increased headcount across the business and increases in advertising and marketing related events and expenses associated with the commercialization phase of the Technology segment.

Research and development

Research and Development (“R&D”) expense was $5,340 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, $5,978 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and $4,001 for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. R&D expense for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $11,318, an increase of $7,317, or 182.9%, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to an increase in employee-related costs in the Technology segment and an increase in new product development costs.

Interest expense, net

Interest expense, net was $1,132 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, $1,300 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and $1,224 for the Predecessor year ended

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December 31, 2023. Interest expense, net for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $2,432, an increase of $1,208, or 98.7%, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to an increase in facilities and borrowings between the periods as well as the increased cost of borrowing experienced during the Successor period.

Net gain (loss) from investments

Net gain on investments was nil for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, $11,547 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and net loss on investments was $6,448 for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. Net gain on investments for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $11,547, an increase of $17,995, or 279.1%, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was due to the unrealized gain on investment in PCT owned stock via Class PCTA Units for the year ended December 31, 2024. The PCTA associated assets were not recognized as part of the Business Combination.

Net (loss) gain on investments - due to related parties

Net loss on investments – due to related parties was nil for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, $468 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and net gain on investments was $232 for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. Net loss on investments – due to related parties for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $468, a decrease of $700, or 301.7%, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The decrease was primarily due to an increase in fair value of liability - PCT stock owed to others. The PCTA associated liabilities were not recognized as part of the Business Combination.

Change in fair value of financial liabilities

The fair value of financial liabilities increased by $20,946 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, increased by $478 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024, and decreased by $766 for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The fair value of financial liabilities for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 increased by $21,424, an increase of $22,190, or 2,896.9%, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was primarily due to increases in fair value adjustments for warrants and earnout liabilities, which were offset by adjustments in the fair value of embedded derivative liabilities.

Equity method investment (loss) income

Equity method investment loss was $902 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, equity method investment gain was $893 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and equity method investment loss was $632 for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. Equity method investment loss for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $9, a decrease of $623, or 98.6%, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The loss in 2023 of $632 recognized represented nonrecurring allocated losses from the ESG Fund and AeroFlexx. The gain in 2024 was primarily due to a non-recurring allocated gain from the ESG Fund offset by a non-recurring allocated loss from investment of AeroFlexx.

Loss on conversion of promissory notes

Loss on conversion of promissory notes was nil for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, $1,119 for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and nil for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. Loss on conversion of promissory notes for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $1,119, an increase of $1,119, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. This was due to the automatic conversion of promissory notes in the first quarter of 2024 into equity instruments which was treated as an extinguishment thereby generating a loss. There was no equivalent transaction in 2023.

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Write-off of loan commitment fee asset

Write-off of loan commitment fee asset was $10,041 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, nil for Predecessor period from January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and nil for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. Write-off of loan commitment fee asset for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $10,041, an increase of $10,041, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was due to a one-time write-off of loan commitment fees related to the WTI Fund loan and security agreement where the Company was unable to draw down subsequent loan tranches because it had not met certain revenue and net loss targets set by the lender. These fees included warrants and fees incurred in securing the WTI loans.

Loss attributable to non-redeemable non-controlling interests

Loss attributable to non-redeemable non-controlling interests was $8,339 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, $11,762 for Predecessor period January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and $139 for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. Loss attributable to non-redeemable non-controlling interests for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $20,101, an increase of $19,962, or 14,361.2%, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. This was due to the increase in Accelsius loss subject to allocable percentage during the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023.

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale debt securities - related party

Unrealized gain on available-for-sale debt securities - related party, was a gain of $909 for the Successor period from October 2, 2024 through December 31, 2024, a loss of $62 for Predecessor period January 1, 2024 through October 1, 2024 and nil for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. Unrealized gain (loss) on available-for-sale debt securities - related party for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 was $971, an increase of $971, over the comparable period for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023. The increase was due to the conversion of working capital advances to investments in debt securities which are classified as available-for-sale.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We use certain financial measures that are not calculated in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the U.S. (GAAP) to supplement our consolidated financial statements. These non-GAAP financial measures provide additional information to investors to facilitate comparisons of past and present operating results, identify trends in our underlying operating performance, and offer greater transparency on how we evaluate our business activities. These measures are integral to our processes for budgeting, managing operations, making strategic decisions, and evaluating our performance.

Our primary non-GAAP financial measures are EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA. We define EBITDA as net income before interest, income taxes, and depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA further adjusted to exclude certain non-cash items, non-recurring expenses, and other items that are not indicative of our core operating activities. These may include stock-based compensation, acquisition costs, and other financial items. We believe Adjusted EBITDA is valuable for investors and analysts as it provides additional insight into our operational performance, excluding the impacts of certain financing, investing, and other non-operational activities. This measure helps in comparing our current operating results with prior periods and with those of other companies in our industry. It is also used internally for allocating resources efficiently, assessing the economic outcomes of acquisitions and strategic decisions, and evaluating the performance of our management team.

There are limitations to Adjusted EBITDA, including its exclusion of cash expenditures, future requirements for capital expenditures and contractual commitments, and changes in or cash requirements for working capital needs. Adjusted EBITDA also omits significant interest expenses and related cash requirements for interest and payments. While depreciation and amortization are non-cash charges, the associated assets will often need to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the cash required for such replacements. Additionally, Adjusted EBITDA does not account for income or other taxes or necessary cash tax payments.

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Investors should use caution when comparing our non-GAAP measure to similar metrics used by other companies, as definitions can vary. Adjusted EBITDA should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for GAAP financial measures.

In presenting Adjusted EBITDA, we aim to provide investors with an additional tool for assessing the operational performance of our business. It serves as a useful complement to our GAAP results, offering a more comprehensive understanding of our financial health and operational efficiencies.

The following table provides a reconciliation from Net Loss to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for the specified periods:

(1) Interest expense, net – For the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024, interest expense, net includes interest incurred on our various borrowing facilities and the amortization of debt issuance costs. Additional debt issuance cost associated with a loan commitment fee asset in the amount of $10,041 was written off in combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and has also been included in this adjustment. This amount is representative of the asset associated with the second and third tranches of the WTI facility. When it became known that we would not be able to draw on these subsequent tranches based on certain metrics contained within the WTI Facility agreement, we immediately wrote this asset off. For the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023, this balance is comprised entirely of interest incurred on our various borrowing facilities.

(2) Transaction and other related costs – For the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 and for the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023 this is comprised entirely of consulting, legal, and other professional fees related to the business combination with Learn CW Investment Corporation (the “Business Combination”).

(3) Change in fair value of financial liabilities – For the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 the change in fair value of financial liabilities primarily consists of the change in fair value of the warrant liability, change in fair value of the earnout liability, and the change in the fair value of the embedded derivative associated with convertible notes prior to extinguishment. For the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023, this is comprised entirely of the change in fair value of the embedded derivative associated with the convertible notes.

(4) Stock based compensation – For the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024 stock based compensation primarily consisted of awards in the 2024 Equity and Incentive Plan entered into on October 2, 2024 subsequent to the Business Combination. These awards consisted of Stock Options, Restricted Stock Units, and Stock Appreciation Rights. Further, a portion of this expense was related to share based payment employee incentive plans in existence at Innventure LLC and other subsidiaries. For the Predecessor year ended December 31, 2023, stock based compensation was comprised wholly of share based payment employee incentive plans in existence at Innventure LLC and other subsidiaries.

Liquidity and Capital Resources (in thousands, except as otherwise noted)

Sources of Liquidity

In assessing liquidity, we monitor and analyze cash on hand and operating expenditure commitments. Our liquidity needs are to meet working capital requirements and operating expense obligations. To date we have financed our operations primarily through cash flows from investing and financing activities.

The following is a summary of the components of our current liquidity:

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Our future liquidity requirements will depend on many factors, including funding required by our Operating Companies, funding needed to support other business opportunities and expenditures, and funding for working capital and general corporate purposes. Based on current expectations, we estimate we will require at least $50,000 to meet our liquidity requirements for the next 12 months.

We expect to satisfy our liquidity requirements through cash on hand, cash generated from the operations of our Operating Companies, the SEPA with Yorkville (maximum remaining availability of approximately $72,000), the Convertible Debentures to be issued to Yorkville, as well as proceeds from additional financings completed by us or our Operating Companies. During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Technology segment raised approximately $18,898 of additional equity financing, in comparison to approximately $250 during the year ended December 31, 2023. In connection with our current business strategy, we intend to conduct additional fundraising of up to $25,000 to fund capital expenditures and other expenses to support the growth of the business.

Bridge Financing

On August 20, 2024, the Company entered into unsecured promissory notes with two related parties for principal amounts of $10,000 and $2,000, respectively. The Company entered into amended and restated agreements to amend the terms of these unsecured promissory notes on October 1, 2024. As per the original agreements, the note with the first party contained a loan fee of $1,000 which was payable with the repayment of the principal amount of the note and the note with the second party contained interest at the rate of 11.50% per annum. The principal amounts, loan fees and accrued interest were repayable at the earlier of October 15, 2024 and the first business day following the date of consummation of the Business Combination.

As per the amended note with the first party, the maturity date was extended to the earlier of (i) January 31, 2025 and (ii) the first business day following the date on which the Company has sufficient capital to be able to repay all amounts outstanding under the note and otherwise meet its expected working capital needs as determined by the Company in its reasonable discretion. The loan fee of $1,000, required under the original agreement, became due on or around the amendment date but as of December 31, 2024 has not yet been paid and interest will accrue at the rate of 15.99% per annum until paid. The amendment was accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring as the Company was provided a concession through a decrease in the effective interest rate. However, no gain or loss was recognized as a result.

As per the amended note with the second party, the maturity date was extended to January 31, 2025 and the interest rate was increased to 13.50% per annum. Additionally, $1,000 of the principal amount became due on or around the amendment date but as of December 31, 2024 has not yet been paid.

On March 20, 2025, the Company entered into agreements to convert and repay the aggregate principal amount of these unsecured promissory notes with the two related parties and, on March 24, 2025, issued shares of the Company’s Series C preferred stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Series C Preferred Stock”) and paid cash to settle these unsecured promissory notes with the two unrelated parties. See Item 13. Certain Relationship and Related Transactions, and Director Independence for more information.

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Series B Preferred Stock

The Company is authorized to issue 25,000,000 shares of preferred stock with a par value of $0.0001 per share, of which, 3,000,000 of the shares of preferred stock are designated as Series B Preferred Stock. Immediately following the Business Combination, Innventure issued 1,102,000 of Series B Preferred Stock at a purchase price of $10.00 per share (the “Original Issue Price”) for a total amount of $11,020. See further discussion of the Series B Preferred Stock in Note 13. Stockholders' Equity within the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Series C Preferred Stock

5,000,000 shares of preferred stock are designated as Series C Preferred Stock. On March 24, 2025, the Company agreed to issue an aggregate of up to 275,000 shares of the Series C Preferred Stock in a private placement, at a price of $10.00 per share of Series C Preferred Stock, resulting in an aggregate purchase price of approximately $2,750 before deducting fees and other estimated offering expenses. In connection with the preferred stock purchase agreements, the Company received an aggregate amount of $1,500 in advanced funds. In consideration of these funds, the Company issued 150,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock to the respective parties.

Additionally, on March 24, 2025, the Company issued 578,294 shares of Series C Preferred Stock in exchange for the termination of a related party loan with Glockner Family Venture Fund, LP and issued 1,392,059 shares of Common Stock in exchange for the termination of another related party loan between AeroFlexx Packaging Company, LLC and Auto Now Acceptance Co., LLC. Further, on March 24, 2025, the Company issued an aggregate of 300,000 shares of Series C Preferred Stock for financial advisory and merchant banking services rendered. See further discussion of the Series C Preferred Stock in the sub-section titled “Bridge Financing” above and in Note 21. Subsequent Events within the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Convertible Debentures

On March 25, 2025, the Company entered into a securities purchase agreement (the “Securities Purchase Agreement”) to the issuance and sale of convertible debentures (the “Convertible Debentures”) with an aggregate principal amount of up to $30,000. These Convertible Debentures will be convertible into shares of Common Stock (as converted, the “Conversion Shares”). On the first business day after certain closing conditions are met, including the timely filing of this Form 10-K, the Company will issue $20,000 in aggregate principal amount of Convertible Debentures (the “First Closing Date”). Additionally, the Company will issue an additional $10,000 in aggregate principal amount of Convertible Debentures after both (i) the registration statement filed with the SEC registering the resale of the Conversion Shares is declared effective by the SEC and (ii) the Company receives stockholder approval. The Convertible Debentures will not bear interest unless an event of default occurs, in which case the Convertible Debentures will bear interest at an annual rate of 18%. The Convertible Debentures will mature 15 months after the First Closing Date and can be converted into shares of Common Stock at a conversion price to be determined. The Convertible Debentures were issued at an original issue discount of 10%. In connection with this agreement, the Company agreed to issue warrants to purchase up to 300,000 shares of Common Stock to the WTI Lenders. These warrants serve as consideration for the WTI Lenders’ consent to the transaction. The warrants have an exercise price of $0.01 per share and are exercisable until March 31, 2035, with additional customary rights and protections. See further discussion of the Convertible Debentures in Note 21. Subsequent Events within the notes to the consolidated financial statements.

Cash Flows

Cash flows associated with operating, investing and financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are summarized as follows:

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Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

Cash flows used in operating activities were $48,062 for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $19,476 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $28,586, or 146.8%. The increase is primarily related to change additional costs incurred in connection with the Business Combination, increased employee compensation costs associated with increased headcount. In addition, there was an increase in R&D costs at the Technology segment.

Net Cash Provided (Used in) by Investing Activities

Cash flows provided by in investing activities were $865 for the combined twelve months ended December 31, 2024, as compared to cash flows used in investing activities of $4,667 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $5,532 or 118.5%. The increase is primarily related cash withdrawn from the trust as a result of the Business Combination offset by to loans to an equity method investee and acquisitions of property, plant and equipment.

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

Cash flows provided by financing activities were $71,907 for the year ended December 31, 2024, as compared to $19,174 for the year ended December 31, 2023, an increase of $52,733 or 275.0%. The increase is primarily related to proceeds from issuance of equity and debt financing, partially offset by increased repayment of debt.

Indebtedness

Refer to Note 5. Borrowings to our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for a discussion of our indebtedness.

Contractual Obligations

The following table presents a summary of our contractual obligations, including payments due by period, as of December 31, 2024:

Going Concern

We have experienced recurring losses from operations and negative cash flows from operating activities. In addition, we had, and may potentially continue to have, an ongoing need to raise additional cash from outside sources to fund our growth plans and related operations. We believe the successful transition to attaining profitable operations is

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dependent upon achieving a level of revenues from our Operating Companies adequate to support our cost structure. In connection with our assessment of going concern considerations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standard Board’s Accounting Standards Update 2014-15, “Disclosures of Uncertainties about an Entity’s Ability to Continue as a Going Concern,” management has determined that these conditions raise substantial doubt about our ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date of the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. If we are unable to realize our assets, obtain adequate capital from the SEPA or otherwise generate sufficient revenues to support our cost structure within the normal operating cycle of a twelve (12) month period, we may have to consider supplementing our available sources of funds through the following sources:

•other available sources of financing from banks and other financial institutions;

•capital financing; or

•financial support from our related parties and shareholders.

We can make no assurances that required financings will be available for the amounts needed, or on terms commercially acceptable to us, if at all. If one or all of these events does not occur or subsequent capital raises are insufficient to bridge financial and liquidity shortfalls (or both), there would likely be a material adverse effect on our business and financial condition that would materially adversely affect our ability to continue as a going concern. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors – Risks Related to Innventure’s Business – There is uncertainty regarding Innventure’s ability to maintain liquidity sufficient to operate its business effectively, which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern.”

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that we will continue as a going concern and, accordingly, do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.

Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates

Refer to Note 2. Accounting Policies to our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for a discussion of our critical accounting policies.