NEOGENOMICS INC (NEO)

ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

NeoGenomics, Inc., a Nevada corporation (referred to individually as the “Company” or collectively with its subsidiaries as “NeoGenomics,” “we,” “us,” or “our,” in this Quarterly Report) is the registrant for SEC reporting purposes. Our common stock is listed on The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC (“Nasdaq”) under the symbol “NEO”.

Introduction

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements and the notes thereto included herein. The information contained below includes statements of the Company’s or management’s beliefs, expectations, goals and plans that, if not historical, are forward-looking statements subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements. For a discussion on forward-looking statements, see the information set forth in the introductory note to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q under the caption “Forward-Looking Statements,” which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Overview

NeoGenomics provides a wide range of oncology diagnostic testing and consultative services, which include technical laboratory services and professional interpretation of laboratory test results by licensed physicians or molecular experts who specialize in pathology and oncology. We operate a network of cancer-focused testing laboratories in the United States and the United Kingdom. Our vision is a world where every cancer treatment decision is as personal as the patient. That vision comes to life through our mission: We take cancer personally. We partner with physicians to deliver actionable insights that guide treatment decisions and improve outcomes—through a comprehensive oncology portfolio, integrated solutions, and an unwavering commitment to excellence.

As of June 30, 2026, we operated College of American Pathologists (“CAP”) accredited and Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments of 1988 (“CLIA”) certified laboratories in Fort Myers, Florida; Aliso Viejo and Carlsbad, California; Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; Ramsey, New Jersey; and Houston, Texas; and a CAP accredited full-service, sample-processing laboratory in Cambridge, United Kingdom. We also have several, small, non-processing laboratory locations across the United States for providing analysis services. We currently offer the following types of testing services:

•Cytogenetics (“karyotype analysis”) – the study of normal and abnormal chromosomes and their relationship to disease. Cytogenetics involves analyzing the chromosome structure to identify changes from patterns seen in normal chromosomes. Cytogenetic studies are often performed to provide diagnostic, prognostic and occasionally predictive information for patients with hematological malignancies.

•Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridization (“FISH”) – a molecular cytogenetic technique that focuses on detecting and localizing the presence or absence of specific DNA sequences and genes on chromosomes. The technique uses fluorescent probes that bind to only those parts of the chromosome with which they show a high degree of sequence similarity. Fluorescence microscopy is used to visualize the fluorescent probes bound to the chromosomes. FISH can be used to help identify numerous types of gene alterations, including amplifications, deletions, and translocations.

•Flow cytometry – a technique utilized to measure the characteristics of cell populations. Typically performed on liquid samples such as peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirate, it may also be performed on solid tissue samples such as lymph nodes after additional processing steps. Cells are labeled with selective fluorescent antibodies and analyzed as they flow in a fluid stream through a beam of light. The properties measured include the relative size, relative granularity or internal complexity, and relative fluorescence intensity. These fluorescent antibodies bind to specific cellular antigens and are used to identify abnormal and/or malignant cell populations. Flow cytometry is typically utilized in diagnosing a wide variety of hematopoietic and lymphoid neoplasms.

•Immunohistochemistry (“IHC”) and Digital Imaging – the process of localizing cellular proteins in tissue sections and relies on the principle of antigen-antibody binding. IHC is widely used in the characterization of abnormal cells such as those found in cancer. Specific surface membrane, cytoplasmic, or nuclear markers may be identified. IHC is also widely used to understand the distribution and localization of differentially expressed proteins. Digital imaging allows clients to visualize scanned slides and also facilitates quantitative analysis for certain stains. Scanned slides are received online in real time and can be previewed often a full day before the glass slides can be shipped back to clients.

•Molecular Residual Disease (“MRD”) testing – advanced molecular and flow-based testing designed to detect very low levels of residual malignant cells that remain after treatment and are below the threshold of conventional diagnostic methods. MRD testing is used to assess treatment response, evaluate disease recurrence risk, and support clinical decision-making in solid tumors and hematologic malignancies. NeoGenomics’ MRD capabilities include highly sensitive assays leveraging next-generation sequencing (“NGS”) and flow cytometry technologies.

•Molecular testing – a rapidly growing field that includes a broad range of laboratory techniques utilized in cancer testing. Most molecular techniques rely on the analysis of DNA and/or RNA, in order to identify genetic alterations associated with

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NEOGENOMICS, INC.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

disease. Common molecular testing technologies include DNA fragment length analysis; polymerase chain reaction (“PCR”) analysis; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (“RT-PCR”) analysis; real-time (or quantitative) polymerase chain reaction (“qPCR”) analysis; Sanger sequencing analysis; and NGS analysis.

•Morphologic analysis – the process of analyzing cells under the microscope by a pathologist, usually for the purpose of diagnosis. Morphologic analysis may be performed on a wide variety of samples, such as peripheral blood, bone marrow, lymph nodes, and other organs such as lung, breast, etc. The services provided at NeoGenomics may include primary diagnosis, in which a sample is received for processing and our pathologists provide the initial diagnosis; or may include secondary consultations, in which slides and/or tissue blocks are received from an outside institution for second opinion. In the latter setting, the expert pathologists at NeoGenomics assist our client pathologists on their most difficult and complex cases.

Reportable Segment

We operate under a single segment that encompasses a comprehensive range of services. This approach aims to streamline our operations and enhance our service offerings to our diverse client base, which includes community-based pathology and oncology practices, hospital pathology labs, reference labs, academic centers, and pharmaceutical companies.

Revenue Streams

Our revenue streams include:

•Clinical cancer testing;

•Interpretation and consultative services;

•Molecular and NGS testing;

•MRD testing;

•Comprehensive technical and professional services offering;

•Third-party clinical trials and research support services;

•Validation laboratory services; and

•Oncology data solutions.

Service Offerings

Our clinical cancer testing services are designed to complement the work of community-based pathologists and oncologists, allowing them to expand their testing capabilities without significant investment in new technology or personnel. We offer both technical component (“TC” or “tech-only”) and professional component (“PC”) services, enabling our clients to participate in the diagnostic process. These services are designed to be a natural extension of, and complementary to, the services that clients perform within their own practices.

We believe our relationship as a non-competitive partner to community-based pathology practices, hospital pathology labs, reference labs, and academic centers empowers them to expand their breadth of testing. We believe this enables them to provide a menu of services that could match or exceed the level of service found in any center of excellence around the world. Community-based pathology practices and hospital pathology labs may order certain testing services on a TC basis, allowing them to participate in the diagnostic process by performing the PC interpretation services without having to hire laboratory technologists or purchase sophisticated equipment needed for the TC testing.

We also support our pathology clients with interpretation and consultative services using our own specialized team of pathologists for difficult or complex cases, as well as provide overflow interpretation services when requested. For oncology and other clinician practices that prefer a direct relationship with a laboratory for cancer-related genetic testing services, we typically offer a comprehensive service where we perform both the TC and PC components of tests. Larger clinician practices internalizing pathology interpretation services can benefit from our tech-only service offering, allowing them to participate in this diagnostic process while we handle the more complex molecular testing services.

We are a leading provider of Heme oncology diagnostic testing, which includes molecular and NGS testing, and one of the key providers of solid tumor NGS testing solutions in the United States. These tests are interpreted by our team of molecular experts and are often ordered in conjunction with other testing modalities. NGS panels, one of our fastest-growing testing areas, enable clients to receive significant biomarker information from limited samples. These comprehensive panels can allow for faster treatment decisions for patients as compared to a series of single-gene molecular tests being ordered sequentially. Our broad molecular testing menu includes our PanTracer portfolio (PanTracer Tissue, PanTracer Tissue + HRD, PanTracer LBx) and Neo Comprehensive panels (Neo Comprehensive Heme Cancers and Neo Comprehensive Myeloid Disorders), which are applied across a broad range of cancer types,

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NEOGENOMICS, INC.

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

and NeoTYPE panels which target select genes relevant to a particular cancer type. Additionally, we have molecular-only and comprehensive NGS-targeted panels, which combine DNA and RNA into a single workflow. This approach captures a full spectrum of genomic alterations, including mutations, fusions, copy number variations, and splicing mutations, as well as tumor mutation burden (“TMB”) and microsatellite instability (“MSI”) for solid tumors. These tests are complemented by IHC and FISH tests when necessary.

This comprehensive molecular test menu allows our clients to obtain most of their molecular oncology testing needs satisfied from our laboratory. This is attractive to our clients as patient samples do not need to be split and then managed across several laboratories. The acquisition of Inivata in June 2021 enhanced our capabilities with oncology liquid biopsy technology including RaDaR®, which is designed to detect MRD and recurrence in plasma samples from patients with solid tumor malignancies. These molecular laboratory and NGS capabilities are expected to drive growth in the coming years.

Our specialized pharmaceutical development services support pharmaceutical firms (“sponsors”) through the provision of laboratory testing, biomarker analysis, data generation, and related scientific

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Introduction

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Notes thereto included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The information contained below includes statements of management’s beliefs, expectations, goals and plans that, if not historical, are forward-looking statements subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated in the forward-looking statements. For a discussion on forward-looking statements, see the information set forth in the introductory note to this Annual Report under the caption “Forward Looking Statements,” which information is incorporated herein by reference. For discussion and analysis pertaining to 2024 overview and highlights as compared to 2023, please refer to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on February 18, 2025.

Our Company

NeoGenomics, Inc., a Nevada corporation (the “Company,” or “NeoGenomics”), and its subsidiaries provide a wide range of oncology diagnostic testing and consultative services, including technical laboratory services and professional interpretation of laboratory test results by licensed physicians or molecular experts who specialize in pathology and oncology. The Company operates a network of cancer-focused testing laboratories in the United States and the United Kingdom.

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2025 Overview and Highlights

•We increased revenue by 10.1% compared to 2024;

•We increased Adjusted EBITDA 9.5% or $3.7 million to positive $43.4 million compared to 2024;

•We completed the acquisition of Pathline in April 2025; and

•We successfully resolved the RaDaR ST patent litigation with no remaining claims pending against the Company in December 2025.

Company Outlook

Advances in science and technology are driving a proliferation of oncology therapies and associated diagnostic tests. These diagnostic tools and therapies are increasing survival and enhancing quality of life for cancer patients. As a leading provider of oncology diagnostics solutions serving practicing oncologists and pathologists as well as biopharmaceutical companies, NeoGenomics facilitates the adoption of these advanced oncology diagnostic tools beyond the academic environment into the community setting. We are continuously enhancing and expanding our test menu to ensure that providers and patients have access to leading edge solutions such as advanced molecular testing and state-of-the art digital pathology. Moreover, our team of MDs and PhDs, along with our highly-trained oncology-focused sales team, provides ongoing education to our clients to ensure that they remain abreast of cutting-edge developments in oncology.

We are a leading provider of Heme oncology diagnostic testing, which includes molecular and NGS testing, and one of the key providers of solid tumor NGS testing solutions in the United States. Additionally, we are a trusted provider of specialized pharmaceutical development services, supporting pharmaceutical firms through the provision of laboratory testing, biomarker analysis, data generation, and related scientific support services in connection with sponsor-led research studies and clinical trials. We expect to continue to grow our business by offering a broad portfolio of tests with rapid turnaround times, wrap-around services, and solutions targeted to hospitals and community oncology segments. We believe that our exclusive focus on oncology, enabled by our expansive oncology testing menu and our high level of service, will further enhance our efforts.

We believe increased value of testing and lower cost is extremely important to the healthcare industry and creates a competitive advantage. We expect to continue to invest in information technology, automation and best practices to continually improve our processes and drive down the cost of testing. We are also continuing to expand our test menu and expect to remain at the forefront of the ongoing revolution in cancer related genetic and molecular testing to achieve our vision of becoming one of the world’s leading cancer testing and information companies.

Our focus for 2026 is to sustain a purpose driven culture that maintains excellence in service and performance while growing through targeted innovation and to further extend our market relevance in the areas of therapy selection and MRD. We expect the following initiatives to allow the Company to continue on its path to becoming one of the world’s leading comprehensive cancer testing companies catering primarily to patients receiving their care in the community setting:

Next Generation Precision Diagnostic Testing Solutions

•Drive targeted product launches in therapy selection and MRD through our launch excellence program; and

•Execute on focused investment programs in solid tumor Next Generation MRD assay targeting ultra-sensitive testing.

Our Community Channel Strength

•Continue purposeful expansion into the community oncology market, leveraging the strategic position that we've established with community hospitals; and

•Deliberately leverage partnerships to expand our market presence and accelerate our topline growth.

Optimize and Win the Customer Experience

•Maintain our focus on driving operational efficiency through automation, process improvement and platform upgrades; and

•Continually improve the customer experience as a key competitive differentiator.

Enhance Our People and Culture

•Enhance our Neo Culture through increased accountability and improved cross-functional collaboration.

These critical success factors have been communicated throughout our Company. We have structured departmental goals around these factors and have created employee incentive plans in which every employee will have a meaningful incentive for our success.

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Regulatory Environment

The FDA has regulatory responsibility over instruments, test kits, reagents, and other medical devices used by clinical laboratories to perform diagnostic testing. High complexity and CLIA-certified laboratories such as ours frequently develop testing procedures intended exclusively for use by the developing laboratory to provide diagnostic results to customers. These tests are referred to as laboratory developed tests (“LDTs”). The regulatory framework governing LDTs is evolving, complex, and has been the subject of ongoing debate. LDTs are subject to CMS oversight through its enforcement of CLIA. The FDA has also claimed regulatory authority over LDTs but has historically exercised enforcement discretion with regard to most LDTs offered by CLIA-certified laboratories performing high complexity tests, and has not subjected these tests to FDA rules and regulations governing medical devices, including premarket review requirements.

On May 6, 2024, the FDA published a final rule on the regulation of Laboratory Developed Tests (“LDTs”) which amended the FDA's regulations to make explicit that LDT's are devices under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (“FD&C Act”). As part of that final rule, the FDA issued a policy to phase out, over the course of four years, its general enforcement discretion approach to LDTs and also issued targeted enforcement discretion policies for certain categories of LDTs.

On May 29, 2024, the American Clinical Laboratory Association (“ACLA”) filed a lawsuit against the FDA in the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, challenging the FDA's final rule. A similar lawsuit was also filed by the Association for Molecular Pathology and that case has been consolidated with the ACLA action. On March 31, 2025, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas vacated the FDA's final rule in its entirety, ruling that the FDA exceeded its statutory authority under the FD&C Act. As a result of this decision, the final rule will not take effect, and LDTs will continue to be regulated under the existing regulatory frameworks. Notwithstanding the court’s decision, future legislative, regulatory, or administrative actions could reintroduce FDA oversight of certain LDTs, which could increase compliance obligations and costs.

It is possible that changes to FDA’s regulatory approach, whether triggered by legislation, the current presidential administration, or otherwise, may result in increased regulatory burdens and costs for us, including requiring us to seek marketing authorization for and maintain ongoing compliance for our existing tests, any modifications thereto, or any future tests we may develop. If the government begins to regulate our tests, it could require a significant volume of applications, which would be burdensome and potentially costly. Furthermore, governmental bodies could take a long time to review such applications and/or document responses if other laboratories were also required to file applications and/or document responses for each of their LDTs. In addition, we could be required to conduct clinical trials in order to support required applications, which could add cost, delay and uncertainty to the process of bringing our tests to market and maintaining compliance of our marketed tests.

We closely monitor changes in legislation and take specific actions to identify and estimate the impact of changes in legislation whenever possible as regulatory changes can affect reimbursement for clinical laboratory services. We do not anticipate significant changes to our revenue in 2026 resulting from known changes in legislation or rulemaking.

Reportable Segment

We operate under a single segment that encompasses a comprehensive range of services. This approach aims to streamline our operations and enhance our service offerings to our diverse client base, which includes community-based pathology and oncology practices, hospital pathology labs, reference labs, academic centers, and pharmaceutical companies.

Revenue Streams

Our revenue streams include:

•Clinical cancer testing;

•Interpretation and consultative services;

•Molecular and NGS testing;

•MRD testing;

•Comprehensive technical and professional services offering;

•Clinical trials and research;

•Validation laboratory services; and

•Oncology data solutions.

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Service Offerings

Our clinical cancer testing services are designed to complement the work of community-based pathologists and oncologists, allowing them to expand their testing capabilities without significant investment in new technology or personnel. We offer both technical component (“TC” or “tech-only”) and professional component (“PC”) services, enabling our clients to participate in the diagnostic process. These services are designed to be a natural extension of, and complementary to, the services that clients perform within their own practices.

We believe our relationship as a non-competitive partner to community-based pathology practices, hospital pathology labs, reference labs, and academic centers empowers them to expand their breadth of testing. We believe this enables them to provide a menu of services that could match or exceed the level of service found in any center of excellence around the world. Community-based pathology practices and hospital pathology labs may order certain testing services on a TC basis, allowing them to participate in the diagnostic process by performing the PC interpretation services without having to hire laboratory technologists or purchase sophisticated equipment needed for the TC tests.

We also support our pathology clients with interpretation and consultative services using our own sp

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