NATURAL GAS SERVICES GROUP INC (NGS)

Item 2.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of operations of Natural Gas Services Group, Inc. (the “Company,” “NGS,” “Natural Gas Services Group,” “we,” “us” or “our”) for the periods ended June 30, 2026, and 2025 are based on, and should be read in conjunction with, our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this report and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that include risks and uncertainties. For a description of limitations inherent in forward-looking statements, see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” above.

All dollar amounts presented in the tables that follow are in thousands unless otherwise indicated. References to “quarters” represent the three months ended June 30, 2026, or 2025, as applicable. Certain variances that represent results that are not meaningful are indicated as “NM.”

Overview

We rent, design, install, service and maintain natural gas and electric compressors and related equipment and parts for our customers’ oil and gas production and processing facilities, generally using equipment from third-party fabricators and OEM suppliers. Substantially all of our compressor assembly is done by third-party contractors while a limited level of assembly work remains in-house at our Tulsa, Oklahoma facility. Our primary focus is on the rental of natural gas engine and electric motor drive compressors. Our rental contracts generally provide for initial terms of 12 to 60 months, with our larger horsepower units having longer initial terms than our small and medium horsepower units. After the initial term of our rental contracts, most of our customers have continued to rent our compressors on a month-to-month basis. Rental amounts are billed monthly in advance and include maintenance of the rented compressor units.

We conduct our operations in several oil and gas producing basins throughout the United States including the Permian, Barnett Shale, Anadarko, San Juan, Utica/Marcellus Shale, Eagle Ford Shale and Antrim Shale. We have operating facilities in five states including Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Michigan and Ohio. Approximately 80 percent of our rental revenue is generated from the Permian Basin and a substantial portion of our rental revenue supports oil production primarily in the form of gas lift and midstream operations. We operate in one reporting segment.

Recent Developments

On June 12, 2026 (the “Acquisition Date”), we acquired Flatrock Compression Holdings LLC (“Flatrock”), including a current rented fleet of 87,233 horsepower (the “Flatrock Acquisition”), in exchange for (i) 241,803 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share of the Company (“Common Stock”), (ii) $108.9 million in cash and (iii) the right to receive certain royalty payments pursuant to a royalty agreement resulting in aggregate total consideration of approximately $119 million . The cash portion of the purchase price was sourced from borrowings under our senior secured revolving credit agreement (as amended and restated from time to time, the “Credit Facility”), as amended by the Fifth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “Fifth Amendment”). The results of operations, cash flows and operating statistics attributable to Flatrock from the Acquisition Date through June 30, 2026, are reflected in our condensed consolidated results of operations, cash flows and operating statistics for the periods ended June 30, 2026. Please see Note 3 (“Business Combination”) to our Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information regarding the Flatrock Acquisition.

In connection with the Fifth Amendment, we (i) increased the total commitment of the Credit Facility to $500.0 million from $400.0 million, (ii) provided for Regions Bank, Flatrock’s primary lender, to become a participating lender and (iii) confirmed that the Flatrock Acquisition is a permitted acquisition as that term is defined in the Credit Facility.

On July 20, 2026, we completed our redomestication from Colorado to Texas (the “Redomestication”). The Redomestication proposal to approve the change in state of incorporation, as described in the Company’s 2026 Proxy Statement, was approved by our shareholders at the 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders held on June 10, 2026.

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Operating Highlights

The following table summarizes our key operating statistics as of the dates or for the periods presented, as applicable:

(1)    Includes 87,233 of rented and 92,576 of fleet horsepower attributable to 270 utilized and 300 fleet units, respectively, acquired with the Flatrock Acquisition. Rental and total revenues provided by Flatrock from the Acquisition Date through June 30, 2026 were $1.9 million and $2.2 million, respectively.

Of the total horsepower utilized as of June 30, 2026, 521,931 of horsepower was being rented under contracts expiring between 2026 and 2031 and 147,988 of horsepower was being rented on a month-to-month basis. Of the 1,521 compressors utilized as of June 30, 2026, 921 units were being rented under multi-year contracts and 600 units were being rented on a month-to-month basis.

Our Performance Trends and Outlook

The oil and gas industry has historically been cyclical and production levels of oil and gas are dependent upon numerous factors. The market for compression equipment and services is highly dependent on the production levels and pricing of oil and gas.

Crude Oil. The level of production for crude oil activity and capital expenditures has generally been dependent upon the prevailing view of future crude oil prices, which is influenced by numerous supply and demand factors, including availability and cost of capital, well productivity and development costs, global and domestic economic conditions, environmental regulations, policies of OPEC, the United Arab Emirates and Russia, recent hostilities involving the United States, Israel, the Gulf States, and Iran, and other factors. Regardless of current oil price volatility driven by geopolitical factors, we expect demand for compression overall, and specifically our fleet to remain strong.

Natural Gas. We believe the market outlook for natural gas production in the U.S. remains steady while short-term price volatility remains a factor due to geopolitical influences, weather and shifts in LNG exports. We believe opportunities for increased utilization of our small and medium horsepower units are supported by continued investment in shale gas development, particularly in the Permian Basin and the Utica and Marcellus Shales.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We utilize certain financial and operating metrics to analyze our performance and assess our operating results and overall profitability and liquidity. The most significant of these measures are “Adjusted Gross Margin” and “Adjusted EBITDA” both of which are measurements that are not explicitly defined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), or non-GAAP financial measures, and may vary among different industries and the participants therein.

Adjusted Gross Margin

We define “Adjusted Gross Margin” as total revenue less costs of revenues (excluding depreciation and amortization expense). Adjusted gross margin is included as a supplemental disclosure because it is a primary measure used by our management as it represents the results of revenue and costs (excluding depreciation and amortization expense), which are key components of our operations. Adjusted Gross Margin differs from gross margin, in that gross margin includes depreciation and amortization expense. We believe Adjusted Gross Margin is important because it focuses on the current operating performance of our operations and excludes the impact of the prior historical costs of the assets acquired or constructed that are utilized in those operations. Depreciation and amortization expense does not accurately reflect the costs required to maintain and replenish the operational usage of our assets and therefore may not portray the costs from current operating activity. Rather, depreciation and amortization expense reflects the systematic allocation of historical property and equipment costs over their estimated useful lives.

Adjusted Gross Margin has certain material limitations associated with its use as compared to gross margin. These limitations are primarily due to the exclusion of depreciation and amortization expense, which is material to our results of operations. Because we use capital assets, depreciation and amortization expense is a necessary element of our costs and our ability to generate revenue. In order to compensate for these limitations, management uses this non-GAAP measure as a supplemental measure to other GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of our performance.

As an indicator of our operating performance, Adjusted Gross Margin should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, gross margin as determined in accordance with GAAP. Our Adjusted Gross Margin may not be comparable to a similarly titled measure of another company because other entities may not calculate Adjusted Gross Margin in the same manner.

The following table calculates our gross margin, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, and reconciles it to Adjusted Gross Margin with further detail by revenue classification for the periods presented:

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ITEM 7.     MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations for each of the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 are based on, and should be read in conjunction with, our audited Consolidated Financial Statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K. For a discussion and analysis of changes from 2023 to 2024 and other financial information related to prior periods, refer to Part II, Item 7. “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that include risks and uncertainties. For a description of limitations inherent in forward-looking statements, see “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” on page i and Part I, Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Report.

All dollar amounts included in the tables that follow are presented in thousands unless otherwise indicated. Certain variances presented as changes in year over year amounts that represent results that are not meaningful are indicated as “NM.”

Overview

We rent, design, install, service and maintain natural gas and electric compressors and related equipment for oil and gas production and processing facilities, generally using equipment from third-party fabricators and OEM suppliers. Substantially all of our compressor assembly is done by third-party contractors while a limited level of assembly work remains in-house at our Tulsa, Oklahoma facility. Our primary focus is on the rental of natural gas engine and electric motor drive compressors. Our rental agreements generally provide for initial terms of 12 to 60 months, with our large horsepower units having longer initial terms than our small and medium horsepower units. After the initial term of our rental agreements, most of our customers have continued to rent our compressors on a month-to-month basis. Rental amounts are billed monthly in advance and include maintenance of the rented compressor units.

We conduct our operations in several oil and gas producing basins throughout the U.S. including the Permian, Barnett Shale, Anadarko, San Juan, Utica/Marcellus Shale, Eagle Ford Shale and Antrim Shale. We have operating facilities in five states including Texas, Oklahoma, New Mexico, Michigan and Ohio. A total of 78 percent of our rental revenue is generated from the Permian Basin and approximately 90 percent of our rental revenue supports oil production primarily in the form of gas lift operations. We operate in one reporting segment.

State of the Industry and Outlook

Our strategy for growth is focused on our compressor rental business. Gross margins, exclusive of depreciation and amortization, for our rental business have historically been in the mid-50 percent to low-60 percent range, while margins for the compressor sales and aftermarket services businesses tend to be substantially lower.

The oil and gas equipment rental and services industry is cyclical in nature. The most critical factor in assessing the outlook for the industry is the worldwide supply and demand for oil and gas and the corresponding changes in commodity prices. As demand and prices increase, oil and gas producers typically increase their capital expenditures for drilling, development and production activities, although recent equity capital constraints and demands from institutional investors to keep spending within operating cash flow have meaningfully restrained capital expenditure budgets of domestic E&P companies. Generally, increased capital expenditures result in greater revenues and profits for service and equipment companies.

Generally, sustained higher commodity prices lead to higher capital expenditures by oil and gas producers and higher levels of production. In general, we expect our overall business activity and revenues to track the level of activity in the oil and gas industry, specifically production levels, with changes in crude oil and condensate production and consumption levels and prices affecting our business more than changes in domestic natural gas production and consumption levels and prices. In recent years we have increased our rentals in unconventional oil shale plays, which are more dependent on crude oil prices. With this shift towards oil production the demand for overall compression services and products is driven by two general factors; (i) an increased focus by producers on artificial lift applications, e.g., production enhancement with compression assisted gas lift; and (ii) declining reservoir pressure in maturing natural gas producing fields, especially non-conventional production. These latter types of applications have historically been serviced by wellhead size compressors, and continue to be, but there has also been an economic move by our customers towards centralized drilling and production facilities, which have increased the market need for single and multiple larger horsepower compressor packages. We recognized this need in recent years and have shifted our capital program towards acquiring compressor packages that range from 400 horsepower up to 2,500 horsepower for rental to our customers. While this is a response to market conditions and trends, it also provides us with the opportunity to compete as a full-line compression service provider.

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We typically experience a decline in demand during periods of low oil and gas prices. In recent years, our level of activity has become more largely driven by the price of crude oil as opposed to natural gas. Generally, we feel that the level of demand for our compressor services is more closely tied to production activities, which are likely to fare better than drilling activity in periods of declining commodity prices.

Operating Highlights

The following table summarizes our key operating statistics as of the dates or for the periods presented, as applicable:

Of the total horsepower utilized as of December 31, 2025, 464,137 of horsepower was being rented under contracts expiring between 2026 and 2030 and 98,539 of that horsepower was being rented on a month-to-month basis. Of the 1,245 compressors utilized as of December 31, 2025, 754 were being rented under multi-year contracts and 491 were being rented on a month-to-month basis.

Our Performance Trends and Outlook

The oil and gas industry has historically been cyclical and production levels of oil and gas are dependent upon numerous factors. The market for compression equipment and services is highly dependent on the production levels and pricing of oil and gas.

Crude Oil. The level of production for crude oil activity and capital expenditures has generally been dependent upon the prevailing view of future crude oil prices, which are influenced by numerous supply and demand factors, including availability and cost of capital, well productivity and development costs, global and domestic economic conditions, environmental regulations, policies of OPEC and Russia, and other factors. While crude oil prices have historically been volatile, we expect demand for our existing compressor fleet to remain positive assuming crude oil prices remain within reasonable bands with respect to current pricing levels.

Natural Gas. We believe the market outlook for natural gas production in the U.S. remains steady while short term price volatility remains a factor due to geopolitical influences and shifts in LNG exports. We believe opportunities for increased utilization of our small and medium horsepower units are supported by continued investment in shale gas development, particularly in the Permian basin and the Utica and Marcellus Shales.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measures

We utilize certain financial and operating metrics to analyze our performance and assess our operating results and overall profitably and liquidity. The most significant of these measure are “Adjusted Gross Margin” and “Adjusted EBITDA” both of which are measurements that are not explicitly defined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America (“GAAP”), or non-GAAP financial measures, and may vary among different industries and the participants therein.

Adjusted Gross Margin

We define “Adjusted Gross Margin” as total revenue less costs of revenues (excluding depreciation and amortization expense). Adjusted gross margin is included as a supplemental disclosure because it is a primary measure used by our management as it represents the results of revenue and costs (excluding depreciation and amortization expense), which are key components of our operations. Adjusted gross margin differs from gross margin, in that gross margin includes depreciation and amortization expense. We believe Adjusted gross margin is important because it focuses on the current operating performance of our operations and excludes the impact of the prior historical costs of the assets acquired or constructed that are utilized in those operations. Depreciation and amortization expense does not accurately reflect the costs required to maintain and replenish the operational usage of our assets and therefore may not portray the costs from current operating activity. Rather, depreciation and amortization expense reflects the systematic allocation of historical property and equipment costs over their estimated useful lives.

Adjusted gross margin has certain material limitations associated with its use as compared to gross margin. These limitations are primarily due to the exclusion of depreciation and amortization expense, which is material to our results of operations. Because we use capital assets, depreciation and amortization expense is a necessary element of our costs and our ability to generate revenue. In order to compensate for these limitations, management uses this non-GAAP measure as a supplemental measure to other GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of our performance.

As an indicator of our operating performance, Adjusted gross margin should not be considered an alternative to, or more meaningful than, gross margin as determined in accordance with GAAP. Our Adjusted gross margin may not be comparable to a similarly titled measure of another company because other entities may not calculate Adjusted gross margin in the same manner.

The following table calculates our gross margin, the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, and reconciles it to Adjusted gross margin with further detail by revenue classification for the periods presented:

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