SIRIUS XM HOLDINGS INC. (SIRI)

ITEM 2.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis provides information concerning our results of operations and financial condition. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto. All amounts referenced in this section are in millions, except subscriber amounts are in thousands and per subscriber and per installation amounts are in ones, unless otherwise stated.

Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains statements that may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. For example, these forward-looking statements may include, among other things, statements about our outlook and our future results of operations and financial condition; share repurchase plans; the impact of economic and market conditions; and the impact of recent acquisitions. Any statements about our beliefs, plans, objectives, expectations, assumptions, future events or performance are not historical facts and may be forward-looking. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “will likely result,” “are expected to,” “will continue,” “is anticipated,” “estimated,” “intend,” “plan,” “projection” and “outlook” or the negative version of these words or phrases or other comparable words or phrases. Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties, including those identified below, which could cause actual results to differ materially from such statements. Although we believe that our plans, intentions and expectations reflected in, or suggested by, such forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such plans, intentions or expectations will be achieved. There may also be other risks that we are unable to predict at this time that may cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements. New factors emerge from time to time, and it is not possible for us to predict which will arise or to assess with any precision the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Accordingly, readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date on which they are made. We undertake no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made, to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events or otherwise, except as required by law.

Among the significant factors that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements are:

Risks Relating to our Business and Operations:

•we face substantial competition and that competition has increased over time;

•our SiriusXM service has suffered a loss of subscribers and our Pandora ad-supported service has similarly experienced a loss of monthly active users;

•if our efforts to attract and retain subscribers and listeners, or convert listeners into subscribers, are not successful, our business will be adversely affected;

•we engage in extensive marketing efforts and the continued effectiveness of those efforts is an important part of our business;

•we rely on third parties for the operation of our business, and the failure of third parties to perform could adversely affect our business;

•failure to successfully monetize and generate revenues from podcasts and other non-music content could adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition;

•we may not realize the benefits of acquisitions or other strategic investments and initiatives; and

•the impact of economic conditions may adversely affect our business, operating results, and financial condition;

Risks Relating to our SiriusXM Business:

•changing consumer behavior and new technologies relating to our satellite radio business may reduce our subscribers and may cause our subscribers to purchase fewer services from us or to cancel our services altogether, resulting in less revenue to us;

•a substantial number of our SiriusXM service subscribers periodically cancel their subscriptions and we cannot predict how successful we will be at retaining customers;

•our ability to profitably attract and retain new subscribers to our SiriusXM service is uncertain;

•our business depends in part upon the auto industry;

•failure of our satellites would significantly damage our business;

•increases in the cost of memory used in our satellite radio modules and other components included in our satellite radios could reduce equipment revenue and adversely affect our business; and

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•our SiriusXM service may experience harmful interference from wireless operations.

Risks Relating to our Pandora and Off-platform Business:

•our Pandora and Off-platform business generates a significant portion of its revenues from advertising, and reduced spending by advertisers could harm our business;

•emerging industry trends may adversely impact our ability to generate revenue from advertising;

•our failure to convince advertisers of the benefits of our Pandora ad-supported service could harm our business;

•if we are unable to maintain our advertising revenue, our results of operations will be adversely affected;

•changes to mobile operating systems and browsers may hinder our ability to sell advertising and market our services; and

•if we fail to accurately predict and play music, comedy or other content that our Pandora listeners enjoy, we may fail to retain existing and attract new listeners.

Risks Relating to Laws and Governmental Regulations:

•privacy and data security laws and regulations may hinder our ability to market our services, sell advertising and impose legal liabilities;

•consumer protection laws and our failure to comply with them could damage our business;

•failure to comply with FCC requirements could damage our business;

•we may face lawsuits, incur liability or suffer reputational harm as a result of content published or made available through our services; and

•increasing interest and expectations regarding sustainable business practices by our various stakeholders and related reporting obligations may expose us to potential liabilities, increased costs, reputational harm and other adverse effects.

Risks Associated with Data and Cybersecurity and the Protection of Consumer Information:

•if we fail to protect the security of personal information about our customers, we could be subject to costly government enforcement actions and private litigation and our reputation could suffer;

•we use artificial intelligence in our business, and challenges with properly managing its use could result in reputational harm, competitive harm, and legal liability and adversely affect our results of operations; and

•interruption or failure of our information technology and communications systems could impair the delivery of our service and harm our business.

Risks Associated with Certain Intellectual Property Rights:

•rapid technological and industry changes and new entrants could adversely impact our services;

•the market for music rights is changing and is subject to significant uncertainties;

•our Pandora services depend upon maintaining complex licenses with copyright owners, and these licenses contain onerous terms;

•failure to protect our intellectual property or actions by third parties to enforce their intellectual property rights could substantially harm our business and operating results; and

•some of our services and technologies use “open source” software, which may restrict how we use or distribute our services or require that we release the source code subject to those licenses.

Risks Related to our Capital Structure:

•while we currently pay a quarterly cash dividend to holders of our common stock, we may change our dividend policy at any time;

•our holding company structure could restrict access to funds of our subsidiaries that may be needed to pay third party obligations;

•we have significant indebtedness, and our subsidiaries’ debt contains certain covenants that restrict their operations; and

•our ability to incur additional indebtedness to fund our operations could be limited, which could negatively impact our operations.

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Risks Related to the Transactions:

•we may have a significant indemnity obligation to Liberty Media, which is not limited in amount or subject to any cap, if the transactions associated with the Split-Off are treated as a taxable transaction;

•we may determine to forgo certain transactions that might otherwise be advantageous in order to avoid the risk of incurring significant tax-related liabilities;

•we have assumed and are responsible for all of the liabilities attributed to the Liberty SiriusXM Group as a result of the completion of the Transactions, and acquired the assets of SplitCo on an “as is, where is” basis;

•we may be harmed by securities class actions and derivative lawsuits in connection with the Transactions;

•it may be difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if doing so may be beneficial to our stockholders;

•we have directors associated or previously associated with Liberty Media, which may lead to conflicting interests; and

•our directors and officers are protected from liability for a broad range of actions.

Other Operational Risks:

•if we are unable to attract and retain qualified personnel, our business could be harmed;

•our facilities could be damaged by natural catastrophes or terrorist activities;

•the unfavorable outcome of pending or future litigation could have an adverse impact on our operations and financial condition;

•we may be exposed to liabilities that other entertainment service providers would not customarily be subject to; and

•our business and prospects depend on the strength of our brands.

Any forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors discussed throughout this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and “Part I—Item 1A—Risk Factors” and “Part II—Item 7—Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our 2025 Annual Report on Form 10-K, in each case as updated by the Company’s reports and filings with the SEC.

Executive Summary

Liberty Media Transactions

Sirius XM Holdings Inc., the reporting company under this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, is the product of a series of transactions that closed on Monday, September 9, 2024. Any references to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “ours” refers to Sirius XM Holdings Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries following the Transactions.

On September 9, 2024 at 4:05 p.m., New York City time, Liberty Media Corporation (“Liberty Media”) completed its previously announced split-off (the “Split-Off”) of its former wholly owned subsidiary, Liberty Sirius XM Holdings Inc. (“SplitCo”).

Following the Split-Off, on September 9, 2024 at 6:00 p.m., New York City time (the “Merger Effective Time”), a wholly owned subsidiary of SplitCo merged with and into Sirius XM Holdings Inc. (“Old Sirius”), with Old Sirius surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of SplitCo (the “Merger” and together with the Split-Off, the “Transactions”). Upon consummation of the Merger, each share of common stock of Old Sirius, par value $0.001 per share, issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Merger Effective Time (other than shares owned by SplitCo and its subsidiaries) was converted into one-tenth (0.1) of a share of SplitCo common stock, with cash being paid to entitled record holders of

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ITEM 7.    MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

All amounts referenced in this Item 7 are in millions, except subscriber amounts are in thousands and per subscriber and per installation amounts are in ones, unless otherwise stated.

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Executive Summary

Liberty Media Transactions

Sirius XM Holdings Inc., the reporting company under this Annual Report on Form 10-K, is the product of a series of transactions that closed on Monday, September 9, 2024. Any references to the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “ours” refers to Sirius XM Holdings Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries following the Transactions.

On September 9, 2024 at 4:05 p.m., New York City time, Liberty Media Corporation (“Liberty Media” or “Former Parent”) completed its previously announced split-off (the “Split-Off”) of its former wholly owned subsidiary, Liberty Sirius XM Holdings Inc. (“SplitCo”). The Split-Off was accomplished by Liberty Media redeeming each outstanding share of Liberty Media’s Series A, Series B and Series C Liberty SiriusXM common stock (“Liberty SiriusXM common stock”), par value $0.01 per share, in exchange for 0.8375 of a share of SplitCo common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Redemption”), with cash being paid to entitled record holders of Liberty SiriusXM common stock in lieu of any fractional shares of common stock of SplitCo.

Following the Split-Off, on September 9, 2024 at 6:00 p.m., New York City time (the “Merger Effective Time”), a wholly owned subsidiary of SplitCo merged with and into Sirius XM Holdings Inc. (“Old Sirius”), with Old Sirius surviving the merger as a wholly owned subsidiary of SplitCo (the “Merger” and together with the Split-Off, the “Transactions”). Upon consummation of the Merger, each share of common stock of Old Sirius, par value $0.001 per share, issued and outstanding immediately prior to the Merger Effective Time (other than shares owned by SplitCo and its subsidiaries) was converted into one-tenth (0.1) of a share of SplitCo common stock, with cash being paid to entitled record holders of Old Sirius common stock in lieu of any fractional shares of common stock of SplitCo.

At the Merger Effective Time, Old Sirius was renamed “Sirius XM Inc.” and SplitCo was renamed “Sirius XM Holdings Inc.” In connection with the Transactions and by operation of Rule 12g-3(a) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), SplitCo became the successor issuer to Old Sirius and succeeded to the attributes of Old Sirius as the registrant, including Old Sirius's Commission File Number and CIK number. Upon completion of the Transactions, Liberty Media ceased to own any shares of Sirius XM Holdings Inc.

On September 6, 2024, Sirius XM Radio LLC, our wholly owned subsidiary, converted from a Delaware corporation to a Delaware limited liability company.

We operate two complementary audio entertainment businesses - our SiriusXM business and our Pandora and Off-platform business.

SiriusXM

Our SiriusXM business features a wide range of content, including, music, sports, entertainment, comedy, talk and news channels, podcasts and infotainment services, all available in the United States on a subscription fee basis. SiriusXM holds a 70% equity interest and 33% voting interest in Sirius XM Canada Holdings Inc. (“Sirius XM Canada”).

The primary source of revenue from the SiriusXM business is subscription fees, with most of its customers subscribing to monthly or annual plans.  Additional revenue streams include advertising on select music and non-music channels in certain packages, direct sales of radios and accessories, and other ancillary services.  As of December 31, 2025, the SiriusXM business had approximately 32.9 million subscribers in the U.S., while Sirius XM Canada had approximately 2.4 million subscribers. Sirius XM Canada's subscribers are not included in our subscriber count or subscriber-based operating metrics.

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In addition to our audio entertainment businesses, we provide connected vehicle services to several automakers. These services are designed to enhance the safety, security and driving experience of consumers. We also offer a suite of data services that includes graphical weather and fuel prices, a traffic information service and real-time weather services in boats and airplanes.

Pandora and Off-platform

Pandora offers a highly personalized audio entertainment platform allowing users to create customized stations and playlists while also enabling on-demand search and playback of songs and albums. The Pandora service leverages advanced content programming algorithms, listener data, and music attributes to predict user music preferences, play content suited to the tastes of each listener, and introduce each listener to music consistent with the consumer's preferences. The Pandora service is available as (1) an ad-supported radio service, (2) a radio subscription service (Pandora Plus) and (3) an on-demand subscription service (Pandora Premium).

The majority of revenue from Pandora is generated from advertising on Pandora's ad-supported radio service. Pandora also derives subscription revenue from its Pandora Plus and Pandora Premium subscribers. Our Pandora and Off-platform business also sells advertising on other audio platforms and in widely distributed podcasts, which we consider to be off-platform services. As of December 31, 2025, Pandora had approximately 41.1 million monthly active users and 5.6 million subscribers.

SiriusXM also sells advertising on other audio platforms and in widely-distributed podcasts, which it considers to be off-platform services. SiriusXM has an arrangement with SoundCloud Holdings, LLC (“SoundCloud”) to be its exclusive ad sales representative in the U.S. and certain European countries and offer advertisers the ability to execute campaigns across the Pandora and SoundCloud platforms. It also has arrangements to serve as the ad sales representative for certain podcasts. In addition, through AdsWizz Inc., SiriusXM provides a comprehensive digital audio and programmatic advertising technology platform, which connects audio publishers and advertisers with a variety of ad insertion, campaign trafficking, yield optimization, programmatic buying, marketplace and podcast monetization solutions.

The information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K represents a combination of the historical information of SplitCo (now renamed Sirius XM Holdings Inc.) prior to the Merger Effective Time and Old Sirius.

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Results of Operations - December 31, 2025 and 2024

Set forth below are our results of operations for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared with the year ended December 31, 2024. Refer to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on January 30, 2025 for our results of operation for the year ended December 31, 2024 compared with the year ended December 31, 2023. The results of operations are presented for each of our reporting segments for revenue and cost of services and on a consolidated basis for all other items.

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SiriusXM Revenue

SiriusXM Subscriber Revenue includes fees charged for self-pay and paid promotional subscriptions, U.S. Music Royalty Fees and other ancillary fees.

For the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, subscriber revenue was $5,960 and $6,076, respectively, a dec

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