grepcent public filings, reorganized for comparison

TPG Inc. (TPG) FY 2021 MD&A

Verbatim Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis from TPG Inc.'s 10-K for fiscal year 2021. Filing date: 2022-03-29. Report date: 2021-12-31. Accession: 0001880661-22-000008.

This page reproduces the company's own Item 7 MD&A text from the linked SEC filing. It is filer text, not grepcent analysis, scoring, or investment advice.

Extracted structurally from real Item 7 body heading to real Item 7A/8 boundary. Confidence: high.

Company profile: TPG · All MD&A years: index · Next year: FY 2022

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the information presented in our historical financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this report. In addition to historical information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements, such as statements regarding our expectation for future performance, liquidity and capital resources that involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include, but are not limited to, those identified below and elsewhere in this report, particularly in “Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements,” “Item 1A.—Risk Factors” and “—Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Financial Information and Other Data.” We assume no obligation to update any of these forward-looking statements.

Business Overview

We are a leading global alternative asset manager with approximately $113.6 billion in AUM as of December 31, 2021. We have built our firm through a 30-year history of successful innovation and organic growth, and we believe that we have delivered attractive risk-adjusted returns to our clients and established a premier investment business focused on the fastest-growing segments of both the alternative asset management industry and the global economy. We believe that we have a distinctive business approach as compared to other alternative asset managers and a diversified, innovative array of investment platforms that position us well to continue generating sustainable growth across our business.

Trends Affecting our Business

Our business is affected by a variety of factors, including conditions in the financial markets and economic and political conditions. Changes in global economic conditions and regulatory or other governmental policies or actions can materially affect the values of funds managed by TPG, as well as our ability to source attractive investments and completely deploy the capital that we have raised. However, we believe our disciplined investment philosophy across our diversified investment platforms and our shared investment themes focus on attractive and resilient sectors of the global economy have historically contributed to the stability of our performance throughout market cycles.

In addition to these macroeconomic trends and market factors, our future performance is heavily dependent on our ability to attract new capital, generate strong, stable returns, source investments with attractive risk-adjusted returns and provide attractive investment products to a growing investor base. We believe the following factors will influence our future performance:

•The extent to which prospective fund investors favor alternative investments. Our ability to attract new capital is in part dependent on our current and prospective fund investors’ views of alternative investments relative to traditional asset classes. We believe that our fundraising efforts will continue to be subject to certain fundamental asset management trends, including (i) the increasing importance and market share of alternative investment strategies to fund investors of all types as fund investors focus on lower-correlated and absolute levels of return, (ii) the increasing demand for private markets from private wealth fund investors, (iii) shifting asset allocation policies of institutional fund investors in particular favoring private markets and (iv) increasing barriers to entry and growth.

•Our ability to generate strong, stable returns on behalf of our fund investors. Our ability to raise and retain capital is significantly dependent on our track record and the investment returns we are able to generate for our fund investors. The capital we raise drives growth in our AUM, fee earning assets under management, or “FAUM,” management fees and performance fees. Although our AUM, FAUM and fee-related revenues have grown significantly since our inception and in recent years, a significant deterioration in the returns we generate for our fund investors, adverse market conditions or an outflow of capital in the alternative asset management industry in general, or in the private equity segments in which we specialize, could negatively affect our future growth rate. In addition, market dislocations, contractions or volatility could adversely affect our returns in the future, which could in turn affect our fundraising abilities in the future, as both existing and prospective fund investors will consider our historical return profile in future asset allocations.

•Our ability to source investments with attractive risk-adjusted returns. Our ability to continue to grow our revenue is dependent on our continued ability to source attractive investments and efficiently deploy the capital that we have raised. Although the capital deployed in any one quarter may vary significantly from

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period to period due to the availability of attractive opportunities and the long-term nature of our investment strategies, we believe that our ability to efficiently and effectively invest our growing pool of fund capital puts us in a favorable position to maintain our revenue growth over time. Our ability to identify attractive investments and execute on those investments is dependent on a number of factors, including the general macroeconomic environment, market positioning, valuation, transaction size and the expected duration of such investment opportunities. A significant decrease in the quality or quantity of potential opportunities, particularly in our core focus sectors (including technology and healthcare), could adversely affect our ability to source investments with attractive risk-adjusted returns.

•The attractiveness of our product offerings to a broad and evolving investor base. Investors in our industry may have changing investment priorities and preferences over time, including with respect to risk appetite, portfolio allocation, desired returns and other considerations. Fund investors’ increasing desire to work with fewer managers has also resulted in heightened competition. We continue to expand and diversify our product offerings to increase investment options for our fund investors, while balancing this expansion with our goal of continuing to deliver consistent, attractive returns. Our track record of innovation and the organic incubation of new product platforms and strategies is representative of our adaptability and focus on delivering products that are in demand by our clients.

•Our ability to maintain our competitive advantage relative to competitors. Our data, analytical tools, deep industry knowledge, culture and teams allow us to provide our fund investors with attractive returns on their committed capital as well as customized investment solutions, including specialized services and reporting packages as well as experienced and responsive compliance, administration and tax capabilities. Our ability to maintain our advantage is dependent on a number of factors, including our continued access to a broad set of private market information, access to deal flow, retaining and developing our talent and our ability to grow our relationships with sophisticated partners.

Reorganization

On December 31, 2021, TPG undertook certain transactions as part of the Reorganization (as defined herein), which included transferring to RemainCo certain economic entitlements to performance allocations from certain of the TPG general partner entities as well as cash at the TPG Operating Group that related to those TPG general partner entities’ economic entitlements. We continue to consolidate these TPG general partner entities because we maintain control and have an implicit variable interest. We also transferred the TPG Operating Group’s co-investment interests in consolidated TPG Funds (as defined herein) which led to the deconsolidation of those funds as of December 31, 2021. Additionally, we transferred certain other economic entitlements associated with certain other investments, including our investment in certain TPG funds we do not consolidate, our former affiliate and other equity method investments. This did not include certain of our strategic equity method investments, including Harlem Capital partners, VamosVentures and LandSpire Group, as the economics of these investments continue to be part of the TPG Operating Group after the Reorganization.

Subsequent to December 31, 2021 and in connection with our IPO, TPG Partners, LLC converted from a limited liability company to a Delaware corporation and changed its name to TPG Inc. and completed the remainder of the Reorganization on January 12, 2022. Following our incorporation, the Reorganization, and the IPO, we are a holding company and our only business is to act as the owner of the entities serving as the general partner of the TPG Operating Group partnerships and our only material assets are Common Units representing 25.6% of the Common Units and 100% of the interests in certain intermediate holding companies as of March 25, 2022. In our capacity as the sole indirect owner of the entities serving as the general partner of the TPG Operating Group partnerships, we indirectly control all of the TPG Operating Group’s business and affairs.

From 2009 to May 2020, TPG and the former affiliate were in a strategic partnership in which the former affiliate served as the dedicated global credit and credit-related investing platform associated with TPG. In May 2020, TPG and our former affiliate completed a transaction to become independent, unaffiliated businesses. As part of the agreement, TPG reduced its previous interest in the former affiliate and retained a passive minority economic stake in the former affiliate. On May 1, 2020, we deconsolidated the assets, liabilities and partners’ capital of our former affiliate from the consolidated financial statements, the impact of which is disclosed on the consolidated statements of cash flows. Our interest in the former affiliate was transferred to RemainCo in connection with the Reorganization.

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Basis of Accounting

TPG Group Holdings is considered the predecessor of TPG Inc. for accounting purposes, and TPG Group Holdings’ consolidated financial statements are our historical financial statements. Given the ultimate controlling partners of TPG Group Holdings control TPG Inc., who in turn controls the TPG Operating Group, we account for the acquisition of such continuing limited partners’ interests in our business, as part of the Reorganization, as a transfer of interests under common control. Accordingly, we carry forward the existing value of such continuing limited partners’ interest in the assets and liabilities recognized in the TPG Operating Group’s financial statements prior to our IPO into our financial statements following our IPO.

TPG Group Holdings’ historical financial statements include the consolidated accounts of management companies, general partners of pooled investment entities and certain consolidated TPG funds, which are held in TPG Operating Group I, L.P. (formerly known as “TPG Holdings I, L.P.” and referred to as “TPG Operating Group I”), TPG Operating Group II, L.P. (formerly known as “TPG Holdings II, L.P.” and referred to as “TPG Operating Group II”) and TPG Operating Group III, L.P. (formerly known as “TPG Holdings III, L.P.” and referred to as “TPG Operating Group III”). Prior to our IPO, the TPG Operating Group was controlled by TPG Group Holdings and as a result of the Reorganization is controlled by TPG Inc. after our IPO.

When an entity is consolidated, we reflect the accounts of the consolidated entity, including its assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses, investment income, cash flows and other amounts, on a gross basis. While the consolidation of an entity does not impact the amounts of net income attributable to controlling interests, the consolidation does impact the financial statement presentation in accordance with GAAP. This is a result of the fact that the accounts of the consolidated entities being reflected on a gross basis, with intercompany transactions eliminated, while the allocable share of those amounts that are attributable to third parties are reflected as single line items. The single line items in which the accounts attributable to third parties are recorded are presented as non-controlling interests on the consolidated statements of financial condition and net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests on the consolidated statements of operations.

We are not required under GAAP to consolidate the majority of investment funds we advise in our consolidated financial statements because we do not have a more than insignificant variable interest. Pursuant to GAAP and prior to the Reorganization, we consolidate certain TPG funds and SPACs, which we refer to collectively as the “consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs,” in our consolidated financial statements for certain of the periods we present. Management fees and performance allocations from the consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs are eliminated in the consolidated financial statements. The assets and liabilities of the consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs are generally held within separate legal entities and, as a result, the liabilities of the consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs are non-recourse to us. Since we only consolidate a limited portion of our TPG investment funds, the performance of the consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs is not necessarily consistent with or representative of the aggregate performance trends of our TPG investment funds.

Impact of COVID-19

In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the outbreak of COVID-19 as a global pandemic. Numerous countries, including the United States, instituted a variety of restrictive measures to contain the viral spread, including mandatory quarantines and travel restrictions, leading to significant disruptions and uncertainty in the global financial markets. While many of the initial restrictions in the United States have been relaxed or removed, the risk of future outbreaks of COVID-19, or variants thereof, or of other public health crises remain. Further, certain public health restrictions remain in place and lifted restrictions may be reimposed to mitigate risks to public health. In 2021, the global economy began reopening, facilitating robust economic activity. However, the economic recovery is only partially underway and has been gradual, uneven and characterized by meaningful dispersion across sectors and regions with uncertainty regarding its ultimate length and trajectory. Further, the emergence of COVID-19 variants and related surges in cases have resulted in setbacks to the recovery, and subsequent surges could lead to renewed restrictions. Many public health experts believe that COVID-19 could persist or reoccur for years, and even if the lethality of the virus declines, such reoccurrence could trigger increased restrictions on business operations.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected, and will continue to affect, our business. We continue to closely monitor developments related to COVID-19 and assess any potential negative impacts to our business. In particular, our future results may be adversely affected by (i) decreases in the value of investments in certain industries that have been materially impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic and related governmental measures, (ii) slowdowns in fundraising activity and (iii)

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reductions in our capital deployment pace. See “See Item 1A—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—Significant setbacks in the reopening of the global economy or reinstatement of lockdowns or other restrictions as a result of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic may negatively impact our business and our results of operations, financial condition and cash flow.”

Operating Segments

We operate our business as a single operating and reportable segment, which is consistent with how our CEO, who is our chief operating decision maker, reviews financial performance and allocates resources. We operate collaboratively across platforms with a single expense pool.

Key Financial Measures

Our key financial and operating measures are discussed below.

Revenues

Fees and Other. Fees and other consists primarily of (i) management and incentive fees for providing investment management services to unconsolidated funds, collateralized loan obligations and other vehicles; (ii) monitoring fees for providing services to portfolio companies; (iii) transaction fees for providing advisory services, debt and equity arrangements and underwriting and placement services; and (iv) expense reimbursements from unconsolidated funds, portfolio companies and third-parties. These fee arrangements are documented within the contractual terms of the governing agreements and are recognized when earned, which generally coincides with the period during which the related services are performed and in the case of transaction fees, upon closing of the transaction. Monitoring fees may provide for a termination payment following an initial public offering or change of control. These termination payments are recognized in the period in which the related transaction closes.

Capital Allocation-Based Income. Capital allocation-based income is earned from the TPG funds when we have (i) a general partner’s capital interest and (ii) performance allocations which entitle us to a disproportionate allocation of investment income or loss from an investment fund’s limited partners. We are entitled to a performance allocation (typically 20%) based on cumulative fund or account performance to date, irrespective of whether such amounts have been realized. These performance allocations are subject to the achievement of minimum return levels (typically 8%), in accordance with the terms set forth in the respective fund’s governing documents. We account for our investment balances in the TPG Funds, including performance allocations, under the equity method of accounting because we are presumed to have significant influence as the general partner or managing member; however, we do not have control as defined by Accounting Standards Codification Topic 810-Consolidation (“ASC 810”). The Company accounts for its general partner interests in capital allocation-based arrangements as financial instruments under Accounting Standard Codification Topic 323-Investments – Equity Method and Joint Ventures (“ASC 323”) as the general partner has significant governance rights in the TPG funds in which it invests which demonstrates significant influence. Accordingly, performance allocations are not deemed to be within the scope of Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606-Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASC 606”).

Expenses

Compensation and Benefits. Compensation and benefits expense includes (i) base cash compensation consisting of salaries and wages, (ii) benefits and (iii) discretionary cash bonuses. Performance allocation payments in the legal form of equity made directly or indirectly to our partners and professionals are distributed pro rata based on ownership percentages in the underlying investment partnership and are accounted for as distributions on the equity held by such partners rather than as compensation and benefits expense.

General, Administrative and Other. General and administrative expenses include costs primarily related to professional services, occupancy, travel, communication and information services and other general operating items.

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization of tenant improvements, furniture and equipment and intangible assets are expensed on a straight-line basis over the useful life of the asset.

Interest Expense. Interest expense includes interest paid and accrued on our outstanding debt and along with the amortization of deferred financing costs.

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Expenses of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs. Expenses of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs consists of interest expenses and other expenses related primarily to professional services fees, research expenses, trustee fees, travel expenses and other costs associated with organizing and offering these funds.

Investment Income

Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities. Realized gains (losses) may be recognized when we redeem all or a portion of an investment interest or when we receive a distribution of capital. Unrealized gains (losses) result from the appreciation (depreciation) in the fair value of our investments. Fluctuations in net gains (losses) from investment activities between reporting periods are primarily driven by changes in the fair value of our investment portfolio and, to a lesser extent, the gains (losses) on investments disposed of during the period. The fair value of, as well as the ability to recognize gains from, our investments is significantly impacted by the global financial markets. This impact affects the net gains (losses) from investment activities recognized in any given period. Upon the disposition of an investment, previously recognized unrealized gains (losses) are reversed and an offsetting realized gain (loss) is recognized in the period in which the investment is sold. Since our investments are carried at fair value, fluctuations between periods could be significant due to changes to the inputs to our valuation process over time.

Interest, Dividends and Other. Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected using the effective interest method. Dividends and other investment income are recorded when the right to receive payment is established.

Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs. Net gains (losses) from investment activities includes (i) realized gains (losses) from the sale of equity, securities sold and not yet purchased, debt and derivative instruments and (ii) unrealized gains (losses) from changes in the fair value of such instruments.

Unrealized Gains (Losses) on Derivative Liabilities of consolidated Public SPACs. Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative liabilities are changes in the fair value of derivative contracts entered into by our consolidated Public SPAC entities, which are included in current period earnings.

Interest, Dividends and Other of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs. Interest income is recognized on an accrual basis to the extent that such amounts are expected to be collected using the effective interest method. Dividends and other investment income are recorded when the right to receive payment is established.

Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense consists of taxes paid or payable by our operating subsidiaries. We have been historically treated as a partnership for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes. As such, income generated by us flows through to its partners and is generally not subject to U.S. federal or state income tax at the TPG Group Holdings level. Certain consolidated subsidiaries are subject to taxation in the U.S. (federal, state and local) and foreign jurisdictions as a result of each subsidiary’s respective entity classification utilized for tax reporting purposes. We are taxed as a corporation for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes and, as a result, we are subject to U.S. federal and state income taxes, in addition to local and foreign income taxes, with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income generated by us.

Non-controlling Interests. For entities that are consolidated, but not 100% owned, a portion of the income or loss and corresponding equity is allocated to owners other than TPG. The aggregate of the income or loss and corresponding equity that is not owned by us is included in Non-controlling Interests in the consolidated financial statements.

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Key Components of our Results of Operations

Results of Operations

The following table provides information regarding our consolidated results of operations for the periods presented:

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in thousands)
Revenues
Fees and other$977,904$883,366$1,031,878
Capital allocation-based income3,998,4831,231,472955,977
Total revenues4,976,3872,114,8381,987,855
Expenses
Compensation and benefits579,698522,715585,254
General, administrative and other278,590260,748347,400
Depreciation and amortization21,2237,1378,741
Interest expense16,29118,99315,532
Expenses of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs:
Interest expense7407222,265
Other20,0247,2419,289
Total expenses916,566817,556968,481
Investment income
Income from investments:
Net gains (losses) from investment activities353,219(5,839)71,694
Gain on deconsolidation401,695
Interest, dividends and other6,4608,12318,992
Investment income of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs:
Net gains (losses) from investment activities23,392(18,691)75,211
Unrealized gains (losses) on derivative liabilities of Public SPACs211,822(239,269)(15,300)
Interest, dividends and other10,3215,41016,161
Total investment income605,214151,429166,758
Income before income taxes4,665,0351,448,7111,186,132
Income tax expense9,0389,7795,689
Net income4,655,9971,438,9321,180,443
Less:
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable equity in Public SPACs155,131(195,906)(9,684)
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated TPG Funds19,287(12,380)58,055
Net income attributable to other non-controlling interests2,455,825719,640651,558
Net income attributable to controlling interests$2,025,754$927,578$480,514

Disaffiliation of Former Affiliate

As a result of the disaffiliation agreement with our former affiliate, effective May 1, 2020, we no longer consolidated our former affiliate and began accounting for our remaining interest as an equity method investment. Accordingly, prior to May 1, 2020, our historical financial statements include the consolidated results of our former

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affiliate, including its revenues, expenses and operating activities. Beginning May 1, 2020, the equity earnings related to this investment are included within investment income. The impact of the deconsolidation is a key driver of certain fluctuations discussed herein when comparing the year ended December 31, 2021 to the year ended December 31, 2020, as well as the year ended December 31, 2020 to the year ended December 31, 2019.

Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020

Revenues

Revenues consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020:

Year Ended December 31,
20212020Change%
($ in thousands)
Management fees$731,974$699,492$32,4825%
Transaction, monitoring and other fees, net91,30053,87437,42669%
Expense reimbursements and other154,630130,00024,63019%
Total fees and other977,904883,36694,53811%
Performance allocations3,792,8611,203,5202,589,341215%
Capital interests205,62227,952177,670636%
Total capital allocation-based income3,998,4831,231,4722,767,011225%
Total revenues$4,976,387$2,114,838$2,861,549135%

Fees and other revenues increased by $94.5 million, or 11% during the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The change is comprised of increases in transaction, monitoring and other fees, net of $37.4 million, an increase in management fees of $32.5 million, and increases in expense reimbursements and other of $24.6 million.

Management Fees. The increase in management fees was primarily driven by additional management fees from Growth V of $54.3 million, which held its final close in the third quarter of 2021 and raised approximately $1.9 billion in 2021. Additional management fees were also earned from Rise Climate of $40.5 million, which held its initial closings in 2021 and raised approximately $6.7 billion. The acquisition of NewQuest also contributed an additional $13.7 million of management fees during the year ended December 31, 2021. The increases were primarily offset by the deconsolidation of our former affiliate, which resulted in lower management fees of $73.4 million due to a partial year of fees earned for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to no fees earned during the year ended December 31, 2021, as well as a decline in management fees of $22.2 million earned from Growth IV. Certain management fees in the year ended December 31, 2021 were considered catch-up fees as a result of additional capital commitments from limited partners to Growth V and Rise II in the amounts of $9.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively. Both funds had their initial closing in 2020.

Transaction, Monitoring and Other Fees, Net. The change in transaction, monitoring and other fees, net was primarily driven by an increase in capital markets fees of $52.3 million due to increased debt and equity capital market transactions within the TPG portfolio companies during the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was offset by $9.5 million of incentive fees earned by our former affiliate prior to its deconsolidation on May 1, 2020.

Expense Reimbursements and Other. The change in expense reimbursements and other was largely driven by additional reimbursements from TPG funds of $13.7 million and additional services provided to our former affiliate and portfolio companies of $10.7 million.

Performance Allocations. Performance allocations increased by $2,589.3 million, to $3,792.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021, compared to $1,203.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase primarily resulted from realized and unrealized portfolio appreciation of 38% during the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to realized and unrealized appreciation of the portfolio of 18% during the year ended December 31, 2020. Realized performance allocations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 totaled $1,956.2 million and $532.8 million, respectively. Unrealized performance allocations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 totaled $1,836.7 million and $670.7 million, respectively.

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The table below highlights performance allocations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, and separates the entities listed into two categories to reflect the Reorganization: (1) TPG general partner entities from which the TPG Operating Group Common Unit holders are expected to receive a 20% performance allocation and (2) TPG general partner entities from which the TPG Operating Group Common Unit holders are not expected to receive any performance allocation.

Year Ended December 31,
20212020Change%
($ in thousands)
TPG Operating Group Shared:
TPG VII$902,941$541,513$361,42867%
TPG VIII558,759558,759NM
Asia VI (1)381,29551,189330,106645%
Asia VII426,27090,080336,190373%
THP114,80535,15979,646227%
TES8,232(3,257)11,489353%
AAF32,23732,237NM
Platform: Capital2,424,539714,6841,709,855239%
Growth III (1)64,111290,365(226,254)(78)%
Growth IV326,824102,949223,875217%
Growth V82,61282,612NM
TTAD I108,45871,82736,63151%
TDM54,32512,25242,073343%
Evercare13,73113,731NM
Platform: Growth650,061477,393172,66836%
Rise I142,938131,49511,4439%
Rise II69,25369,253NM
Platform: Impact212,191131,49580,69661%
TREP III152,658152,658NM
Platform: Real Estate152,658152,658NM
TPEP29,8041,42628,3781990%
NewQuest16,18616,186NM
Strategic Capital2,7932,793NM
Platform: Market Solutions48,7831,42647,3573321%
Total TPG Operating Group Shared:$3,488,232$1,324,998$2,163,234163%
TPG Operating Group Excluded:
TPG IV3,580(21,884)25,464116%
TPG VI32,031(154,708)186,739121%
Asia IV1,430371,3933765%
Asia V74,956(10,134)85,090840%
MMI1,3331,333NM
TPG TFP2011336851%
Platform: Capital113,531(186,556)300,087161%

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Year Ended December 31,
20212020Change%
($ in thousands)
Growth II45,14142,4722,6696%
Growth II Gator65,16751,91313,25426%
Biotech II(342)256(598)(234)%
Biotech III30,68148,183(17,502)(36)%
Biotech IV1,9771,977NM
Biotech V(4,095)253(4,348)(1719)%
STAR11,809(11,809)(100)%
Platform: Growth138,529154,886(16,357)(11)%
TREP II40,00017,35722,643130%
DASA - Real Estate(1,954)(10,486)8,53281%
Platform: Real Estate38,0466,87131,175454%
TSI14,52314,47053%
Platform: Impact14,52314,47053%
Former affiliate funds(111,149)111,149100%
Other(111,149)111,149100%
Total TPG Operating Group Excluded (2)$304,629$(121,478)$426,107351%
Total Performance Allocations$3,792,861$1,203,520$2,589,341215%

___________

(1)After the Reorganization, we retained an economic interest in performance allocations from the Growth III and Asia VI general partner entities, which entitles us to a performance allocation equal to 10%; however, we intend to allocate the full amount as performance allocation compensation expense. As such, net income available to controlling interest holders is zero for each of these funds following the Reorganization.

(2)The TPG Operating Group Excluded entities’ performance allocations is not a component of net income attributable to TPG following the Reorganization; however, the TPG general partner entities continue to be consolidated by us. We transferred the rights to the performance allocations the TPG Operating Group historically would have received to RemainCo on December 31, 2021. As such, net income available to controlling interest holders will be zero for each of the TPG Operating Group Excluded entities beginning January 1, 2022. See “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Financial Information and Other Data” which reflects the projected impact of the Reorganization.

The increase in total performance allocations for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily generated by realized and unrealized appreciation in TPG VII, TPG VIII, Asia VI, Asia VII, THP, Growth IV, TREP III, TPG VI, and Asia V.

As of December 31, 2021, accrued performance allocations for Common Unit holders TPG Operating Group shared TPG general partner entities totaled $4.1 billion. As of December 31, 2021, accrued performance allocations for Common Unit holders TPG Operating Group excluded TPG general partner entities totaled $1.3 billion.

Capital Interest. Capital interest income increased by $177.7 million to $205.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 from $28.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily driven by income from our investments in the Capital and Real Estate platforms.

Expenses

Compensation and Benefits. Compensation and benefits expense increased by $57.0 million, or 11%, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily driven by a $73.5 million increase in bonuses and one time payments, which is reduced by the impact of our former affiliate in the amount of $22.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was also driven by a $19 million increase in salaries and benefits by an increase in headcount, which is reduced by the impact of our former affiliate in the amount of $22.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020.

General, Administrative and Other. General and administrative expenses increased by $17.8 million, or 7%, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily driven by a $31.0 million increase in professional fees, which is reduced by the impact of our former affiliate in the amount of $18.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. This increase was also driven by a $21.6 million increase in office overhead

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and other, which is reduced by the impact of our former affiliate in the amount of $30.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was also driven by an increase in reimbursable expenses incurred on behalf of TPG funds of $13.7 million.

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization increased by $14.1 million, or 197%, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase is primarily due to the amortization of intangible assets of $14.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2021, related to the acquisition of NewQuest on July 1, 2021.

Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased by $2.7 million, or 14%, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. This decrease was primarily driven by a reduction in debt outstanding during the period due to repayment of the Revolving Credit Facility to Affiliate in March of 2021 (as defined herein) in August 2021.

Expenses of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs. Expenses of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs increased by $12.8 million, or 161%, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily due to additional professional services expenses in our consolidated Public SPAC entities as a result of closing three SPAC initial public offerings and business combinations associated with our consolidated Public SPACs.

Net Gains from Investment Activities. Net gains from investment activities increased by $359.1 million, to a gain of $353.2 million from a loss of $5.8 million, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase of net gains from investment activities was primarily driven by the deconsolidation of two of our Public SPACs and the associated business combination with Nerdy, Inc. and Vacasa, Inc., which resulted in gains of $232.5 million. We recognized a net gain of $95.0 million associated with our step acquisition of NewQuest. The increase was also driven by other equity method investments in which the Company has significant influence of $137.0.

Gain on Deconsolidation. The $401.7 million gain on deconsolidation for the year ended December 31, 2020, resulted from the disaffiliation of our former affiliate in May 2020 and the subsequent step-up to fair value of the retained equity method investment.

Interest, Dividends and Other. Interest, dividends and other investment gains decreased by $1.7 million, or 20%, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The decrease was driven by a reduction of dividend income of $3.4 million due to the deconsolidation of our former affiliate. The decrease was partially offset by an increase of interest income of $1.7 million due to a larger cash balance in the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020.

Net (Losses) Gains from Investment Activities of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs. Net (losses) gains from investment activities of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs increased by $42.1 million to a gain of $23.4 million from a loss of $18.7 million, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily related to the fair value changes of the underlying investments of TPEP of $34.4 million.

Unrealized (Losses) Gains on Derivative Liabilities of Public SPACs. The $211.8 million unrealized gain and $239.3 million of unrealized loss on derivative instruments recognized during the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, were attributable to warrants issued by the consolidated Public SPAC entities and forward purchase agreements held by third parties. The warrants held by public investors and forward purchase agreements are treated as liability instruments rather than equity instruments and subject to mark-to-market adjustments each period. Upon the consummation of acquisitions of target companies by our Public SPACs or the wind down of a Public SPAC, the associated liability will no longer be included in our consolidated financial statements.

Interest, Dividends and Other of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs. Interest, dividends and other of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs increased by $4.9 million, or 91%, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. This increase was primarily related to an expense reimbursement of EUR 15.0 million, on the termination of a proposed business combination, recognized by TPG Pace Beneficial Finance Corp. during the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to no such reimbursement during the year ended December 31, 2020.

Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense decreased by 0.7 million, or 8%, for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020.

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Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019

Revenues

Revenues consisted of the following for the years ended December 31, 2020 and December 31, 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
20202019Change%
($ in thousands)
Management fees$699,492$800,567$(101,075)(13)%
Transaction, monitoring and other fees, net53,87466,370(12,496)(19)%
Expense reimbursements and other130,000164,941(34,941)(21)%
Total fees and other883,3661,031,878(148,512)(14)%
Performance allocations1,203,520903,615299,90533%
Capital interests27,95252,362(24,410)(47)%
Total capital allocation-based income1,231,472955,977275,49529%
Total revenues$2,114,838$1,987,855$126,9836%

Fees and other revenues decreased by $148.5 million or 14% during the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease primarily consists of reductions in management fees of $101.1 million, incentive fees of $24.9 million and expense reimbursements and other of $34.9 million, which was partially offset by an increase of $16.7 million in transaction fees, net.

Management Fees. The reduction in management fees was driven by the deconsolidation of our former affiliate, which resulted in lower management fees of $137.9 million due to a partial year of fees earned for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to a full-year during the year ended December 31, 2019. Partially offsetting this decrease were additional management fees earned from Rise II of $27.5 million, which held its final close in the year ended December 31, 2020 and raised a total of $2.2 billion, and TPEP of $12.2 million, which raised additional funds totaling $1.4 billion through its long-only equity strategy during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2020. Catch-up management fees of $6.9 million were recognized for the year ended December 31, 2019 stemming from additional capital commitments from limited partners to Asia VII, which had its first close in 2017.

Transaction, Monitoring and Other Fees, Net. The reduction in transaction, monitoring and other fees, net was driven by deconsolidation of our former affiliate, which resulted in lower transaction and incentive fees of $12.0 million as only a partial year was reflected during the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to a full-year during the year ended December 31, 2019.

Expense Reimbursements and Other. The reduction in expense reimbursements and other was largely driven by expense reimbursement decreases from TPG funds totaling $31.8 million and a reduction of professional services provided to TPG funds and portfolio companies of $6.3 million. This decrease was driven by certain one-time transaction cost reimbursements in the year ended December 31, 2019 of $13.3 million related to assuming the management of Evercare, partially offset by other income of $16.6 million related to operational services provided to our former affiliate.

Performance Allocations. Performance allocations increased by $299.9 million, or 33%, for the year ended December 31, 2020, compared to $903.6 million in the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase primarily resulted from realized and unrealized portfolio appreciation of 18% in the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to realized and unrealized appreciation of the portfolio of 11% in the year ended December 31, 2019 across the TPG funds.

The table below highlights performance allocations for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, and separates the entities listed into two categories to reflect the Reorganization: (1) TPG general partner entities from which the TPG Operating Group Common Unit holders are expected to receive a 20% performance allocation and (2) general partner entities from which the TPG Operating Group Common Unit holders are expected to receive any performance allocation.

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Year Ended December 31,
20202019Change%
($ in thousands)
TPG Operating Group Shared:
TPG VII$541,513$288,851$252,66287%
Asia VII90,08090,080NM
Asia VI (1)51,189196,253(145,064)(74)%
THP35,15935,159NM
TES(3,257)1,513(4,770)(315)%
Platform: Capital714,684486,617228,06747%
Growth III (1)290,36581,942208,423254%
Growth IV102,949102,949NM
TTAD I71,8274,40767,4201530%
TDM12,25211,2121,0409%
Platform: Growth477,39397,561379,832389%
Rise I131,49524,623106,872434%
Platform: Impact131,49524,623106,872434%
TPEP1,426117,675(116,249)(99)%
Platform: Market Solutions1,426117,675(116,249)(99)%
Total TPG Operating Group Shared:$1,324,998$726,476$598,52282%
TPG Operating Group Excluded:
TPG IV$(21,884)506(22,390)(4425)%
TPG VI(154,708)57,248(211,956)(370)%
Asia IV37(1,979)2,016102%
Asia V(10,134)(32,628)22,49469%
TPG TFP133(26)159612%
Platform: Capital(186,556)23,121(209,677)(907)%
Growth II42,472(32,588)75,060230%
Growth II Gator51,91351,913NM
Biotech II2569,933(9,677)(97)%
Biotech III48,18374,902(26,719)(36)%
Biotech IV499(499)NM
Biotech V2533,842(3,589)(93)%
STAR11,809(139,028)150,837108%
Platform: Growth154,886(82,440)237,326288%
TREP II17,35751,332(33,975)(66)%
DASA—Real Estate(10,486)574(11,060)(1927)%
Platform: Real Estate6,87151,906(45,035)(87)%
TSI14,47017,557(3,087)(18)%
Platform: Impact14,47017,557(3,087)(18)%
Former affiliate funds(111,149)166,995(278,144)(167)%
Other(111,149)166,995(278,144)(167)%
Total TPG Operating Group Excluded(2)$(121,478)$177,139$(298,617)(169)%
Total Performance Allocations$1,203,520$903,615$299,90533%

___________

(1)After the Reorganization, we retained an economic interest in performance allocations from the Growth III and Asia VI general partner entities, which entitles us to a performance allocation equal to 10%; however, we intend to allocate the full amount as performance allocation compensation expense. As such, net income available to controlling interest holders is zero for each of these funds following the Reorganization.

(2)The TPG Operating Group Excluded entities’ performance allocations is not a component of net income attributable to TPG following the Reorganization; however, the TPG general partner entities continue to be consolidated by us. We transferred the rights to the performance

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allocations the TPG Operating Group historically would have received to RemainCo on December 31, 2021. As such, net income available to controlling interest holders will be zero for each of the TPG Operating Group Excluded entities beginning January 1, 2022. See “Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Financial Information and Other Data” which reflects the projected impact of the Reorganization.

The increase in total performance allocations for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily generated by realized and unrealized appreciation in TPG VII, Growth II, Growth III, Growth IV, STAR and Rise I. This increase was partially offset by unrealized fair value depreciation in TPEP, Asia VI, TPG VI and former affiliate funds.

As of December 31, 2020, accrued performance allocations for Common Unit holder shared TPG general partner entities totaled $2.4 billion. As of December 31, 2020, accrued performance allocations for Common Unit holders excluded TPG general partner entities totaled $1.1 billion.

Capital Interest. Capital interest income decreased by $24.4 million, or 47%, to $28.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 from $52.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily driven from TPEP and the effect of the deconsolidation of our former affiliate. The decrease was partially offset by increased income from our investments in the Capital and Growth platforms.

Expenses

Compensation and Benefits. Compensation and benefits expense decreased by $62.5 million, or 11%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily driven by the deconsolidation of our former affiliate, which resulted in a $76.5 million reduction in compensation and benefit expenses, and decrease in one-time payments of $5.9 million, partially offset by an increase of $20.6 million in salaries and bonuses driven by an increase in headcount and bonuses.

General, Administrative and Other. General and administrative expenses decreased by $86.7 million, or 25%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The reduction was primarily due to a $80.2 million impact related to the deconsolidation of our former affiliate as well as a $6.4 million reduction in office overhead, professional fees and travel expenses due to certain public health restrictions and travel restrictions implemented as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Depreciation and Amortization. Depreciation and amortization decreased by $1.6 million, or 18%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The reduction was primarily due to the effect of the deconsolidation of our former affiliate.

Interest Expense. Interest expense increased by $3.5 million, or 22%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in gross debt outstanding during the period due to (i) amounts borrowed in March 2020 under the Revolving Credit Facility to Affiliate, which carries a variable interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.75%, and (ii) the full-year impact of the issuance of the 4.75% fixed-rate Series B Securitization Notes (as defined herein) in October 2019.

Expenses of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs. Expenses of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs decreased by $3.6 million, or 31%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily due to a reduction of professional services expenses in our consolidated Public SPAC entities and TPEP.

Net Gains from Investment Activities. Net gains from investment activities decreased by $77.5 million, or 108%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The reduction of net gain from investment activities was primarily caused by a depreciation of equity securities owned directly by TPG.

Gain on Deconsolidation. The $401.7 million gain on deconsolidation resulted from the disaffiliation of our former affiliate in May 2020 and the subsequent step-up to fair value of the retained equity method investment.

Interest, Dividends and Other. Interest, dividends and other investment gains decreased by $10.9 million, or 57%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease was driven by decreases in both interest income and dividend income. The reduction of interest income of $5.4 million was primarily caused by a decreased cash balance related to the deconsolidation of our former affiliate and generally lower interest rates

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in the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The reduction of dividend income of $5.4 million was primarily caused by the deconsolidation of our former affiliate.

Net (Losses) Gains from Investment Activities of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs. Net losses from investment activities of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs totaled $18.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to $75.2 million in gains for the year ended December 31, 2019. The change was primarily related to the fair value changes of the underlying investments of TPEP.

Unrealized Losses on Derivative Liabilities of Public SPACs. The $239.3 million and $15.3 million unrealized loss on derivative instruments recognized during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, was attributable to warrants issued by the consolidated Public SPAC entities and forward purchase agreements held by third parties. The warrants held by public investors and forward purchase agreements are treated as liability instruments rather than equity instruments and subject to mark-to-market adjustments each period. Upon the consummation of acquisitions of target companies by our Public SPACs or the wind down of a Public SPAC, the associated liability will no longer be included in our consolidated financial statements.

Interest, Dividends and Other of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs. Interest, dividends and other of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs decreased by $10.8 million, or 67%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. This decline was primarily related to the reduction of interest and dividend income in TPEP and the consolidated Public SPAC entities as a result of the generally lower interest rate environment during the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019.

Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense increased by $4.1 million, or 72%, for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The effective tax rate during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 was 0.68% and 0.48%, respectively. The increase was primarily related to a general increase in taxes paid in non-U.S. subsidiaries.

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Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition (GAAP basis)

December 31,
($ in thousands)20212020
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents$972,729$858,220
Investments6,109,0464,546,243
Due from affiliates185,321108,552
Other assets670,452322,034
Assets of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs1,024,4651,165,502
Total assets$8,962,013$7,000,551
Liabilities, Redeemable Equity and Partners' Capital
Debt obligations$444,444$244,642
Due to affiliates826,999463,385
Other liabilities372,597381,611
Liabilities of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs56,532390,200
Total liabilities$1,700,572$1,479,838
Redeemable equity from consolidated Public SPACs$1,000,027$800,011
Partners' capital
Partners' capital controlling interests$1,606,593$2,460,868
Non-controlling interests in consolidated TPG Funds204,548
Other non-controlling interests4,654,8212,055,286
Total partners' capital$6,261,414$4,720,702
Total liabilities, redeemable equity and partners' capital$8,962,013$7,000,551

Cash and cash equivalents increased $114.5 million primarily due to $1,474.8 million of net cash provided by operating activities offset by $1,322.6 million of net cash used in financing activities and $37.7 million of net cash used in investing activities. As part of the Reorganization, we transferred $75.0 million of cash on hand to RemainCo. This transfer reduced controlling and non-controlling interests by $63.4 million and $11.6 million, respectively.

Investments increased $1,562.8 million as of December 31, 2021. For the year ended December 31, 2021, our investments have generated value creation of 38%. As part of the Reorganization, we transferred $738.9 million of economic entitlements associated with certain other investments, including our investment in our former affiliate and certain TPG Funds, to RemainCo. This transfer reduced controlling and non-controlling interests by $629.0 and $109.9 million, respectively. Following this transfer, the Company no longer holds more than an insignificant economic interest in the TPG Funds that have been historically consolidated and as a result, deconsolidated those respective TPG Funds.

In December 2021, TPG Operating Group II, L.P. entered into the Senior Unsecured Term Loan Agreement which increased our debt obligations as of December 31, 2021. As of December 31, 2021, $200.0 million was outstanding under the Senior Unsecured Term Loan Agreement.

As part of the Reorganization, we transferred certain performance allocation economic entitlements to RemainCo, which resulted in an increase of $1,012.1 million of non-controlling interests.

Certain owners of the Company’s parent exchanged their interests for an interest in the TPG Operating Group resulting in an increase to non-controlling interests totaling $16.6 million and a related decrease in controlling interests.

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UNAUDITED PRO FORMA CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND OTHER DATA

Defined terms included below shall have the same meaning as terms defined and included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

The following unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition as of December 31, 2021 gives pro forma effect to the Reorganization, the consummation of the initial public offering (the “IPO”) and our use of proceeds therefrom after deducting the underwriting discounts and commissions and other costs of the IPO (see transactions described under Note 1, “Organization” in the notes to the financial statements), as though such transactions had occurred as of December 31, 2021. The owners of the TPG Operating Group completed a series of actions during the year ended December 31, 2021 and on January 12, 2022 as part of the “Reorganization, in conjunction with the IPO that was completed on January 18, 2022. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 present our consolidated results of operations giving pro forma effect to the transactions described above as if they had occurred as of January 1, 2020. The following unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial information has been prepared in accordance with Article 11 of Regulation S-X, as amended by the final rule, Release No. 33-10786 “Amendments to Financial Disclosure about Acquired and Disposed Businesses.”

The pro forma adjustments are based on available information and upon assumptions that management believes are reasonable in order to reflect, on a pro forma basis, the effect of this transaction on the historical financial information of TPG. The Company’s historic operations consist of multiple consolidated entities formed to provide asset management services under a single controlling entity, TPG Group Holdings. The historical periods presented in the unaudited pro forma financial information reflect the operating results of TPG Group Holdings. Immediately following the Reorganization, the TPG Operating Group and its subsidiaries are controlled by the same parties and as such, we account for the Reorganization as a transfer of interests under common control. Accordingly, we have carried forward the existing value of the members’ interests in the assets and liabilities in the TPG Operating Group’s financial statements prior to the IPO into our financial statements following the IPO.

The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition and unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations may not be indicative of the results of operations or financial position that would have occurred had the Reorganization or the IPO and the related transactions, as applicable, taken place on the dates indicated, or that may be expected to occur in the future. The adjustments are described in the notes to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations and the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial information and other data should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

The pro forma adjustments in the “Reorganization and Other Transaction Adjustments” column principally give effect to certain of the Reorganization and other transactions including:

•The TPG Operating Group transferred to RemainCo certain performance allocation economic entitlements from certain of the TPG general partner entities that are defined as Excluded Assets. We continue to consolidate these TPG general partner entities because we maintain control and have an implicit variable interest. The impact of this adjustment is a reallocation from controlling interests to non-controlling interests

•The TPG Operating Group transferred to RemainCo the economic entitlements associated with certain other investments that are part of the Excluded Assets.

•The transfer of certain investments in TPG Funds (as defined herein) to RemainCo resulted in the deconsolidation of those TPG Funds that have been consolidated in our historical combined financial statements with the exception of our Public SPACs.

•Adjustments to sharing percentages of future profits between controlling and non-controlling interests of the TPG Operating Group related to the Specified Company Assets.

•The deconsolidation of our former affiliate.

The pro forma adjustments in the “Offering Transaction Adjustments” column principally give effect to the consummation of the IPO, including the Corporate Conversion.

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We have not made any pro forma adjustments relating to any incremental reporting, compliance or investor relations costs that we may incur as a public company, as estimates of such expenses are not determinable.

The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial information should be read together with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the historical financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial information is included for informational purposes only and does not purport to reflect the results of operations or financial position of TPG that would have occurred had the transactions described above transpired on the dates indicated or had we operated as a public entity during the periods presented or for any future period or date. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial information should not be relied upon as being indicative of our future or actual results of operations or financial condition had the Reorganization and IPO transactions described under “Organizational Structure” and the other transactions described above occurred on the dates assumed. The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated financial information also does not project our results of operations or financial position for any future period or date.

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Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition
As of December 31, 2021
($ in thousands)TPG Group Holdings HistoricalReorganization and Other Transaction AdjustmentsOffering Transaction and Other AdjustmentsTPG Inc. Pro Forma
Assets
Cash and cash equivalents$972,729$(27,200)(1)$820,721(3)$1,376,746
(380,143)(3)
(9,361)(8)
Restricted cash13,13513,135
Due from affiliates185,321185,321
Investments6,109,0466,109,046
Right-of-use assets157,467157,467
Other assets, net499,850(23,988)(8)475,862
Assets of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs:
Cash and cash equivalents5,3715,371
Assets held in Trust Account1,000,0271,000,027
Investments
Due from affiliates7474
Other assets, net18,99318,993
Total assets$8,962,013$(27,200)$407,229$9,342,042
Liabilities and Partners' Capital
Liabilities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses$134,351$$$134,351
Due to affiliates826,999(203,286)(1)10,611(6)634,324
Secured borrowings, net244,950244,950
Senior unsecured term loan199,494199,494
Accrued performance allocation compensation3,848,126(2)3,848,126
Operating lease liability177,003177,003
Other liabilities, net61,243(24,171)(8)37,072
Liabilities of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs:
Accounts payable and accrued expenses8,4848,484
Derivative liabilities of Public SPACs13,04813,048
Deferred underwriting35,00035,000
Total liabilities1,700,5723,644,840(13,560)5,331,852
Commitments and contingencies
Redeemable equity attributable to consolidated Public SPACs1,000,0271,000,027
Class A common stock79(4)79
Class B common stock230(5)230
Additional paid-in-capital498,251(7)498,251
Partners’ capital controlling interests1,606,593(439,196)(1)(1,167,397)(9)
Retained earnings
Total partners' /stockholders' equity attributable to TPG Inc.1,606,593(439,196)(668,837)498,560
Non-controlling interests in consolidated TPG Funds
Other non-controlling interests4,654,821615,282(1)1,089,626(9)2,511,603
(3,848,126)(2)
Total equity6,261,414(3,672,040)420,7893,010,163
Total liabilities, redeemable equity, and equity$8,962,013$(27,200)$407,229$9,342,042

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Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition

1)The TPG Operating Group transferred to RemainCo certain performance allocation economic entitlements from certain of the TPG general partner entities that are defined as Excluded Assets, as well as certain cash and due to affiliate amounts at the TPG Operating Group that relate to these TPG general partner entities’ economic entitlements. We continue to consolidate these TPG general partner entities because we maintain control and have an implicit variable interest. These transfers resulted in the reduction of cash of $27.2 million and due to affiliate amounts of $203.3 million, which increased partners’ capital by $148.5 million and non-controlling interests of $27.6 million. In addition, the transfer of performance allocation economic entitlements resulted in a transfer of $587.7 million from partners' capital to non-controlling interests.

2)This adjustment relates to accrued performance allocation amounts owed to our partners and professionals. Prior to the Reorganization and the IPO, the entities that comprise the consolidated financial statements of TPG Group Holdings have been partnerships or limited liability companies, and our senior professionals were part of the ownership group of those entities. As such, their share of accrued performance allocations was reflected within “other non-controlling interests” on the TPG Group Holdings consolidated statement of financial condition, as these interests existed through the individuals’ ownership interests, and the income attributable to these performance allocation rights were included in “net income attributable to other non-controlling interests” on the TPG Group Holdings consolidated statement of operations. Additionally, we have adjusted the sharing percentages associated with certain performance allocations between our controlling and non-controlling interest holders, which resulted in an increase to amounts attributable to our historic non-controlling interest holders and a further increase to accrued performance allocation compensation.

As of December 31, 2021, the carrying value of these performance allocations totaled approximately $3,848.1 million. An adjustment has been recorded to reclassify this balance from other non-controlling interests to a liability on the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. Subsequent to the Reorganization, the amounts owed to our senior professionals will be treated as compensatory profit-sharing arrangements and reflected as a liability on our unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition.

3)The adjustment reflects i) proceeds, net of estimated underwriting discounts, of $820.7 million from the IPO based on the issuance of 30,085,604 shares of Class A common stock at the IPO price of $29.50 per share, with a corresponding increase to additional paid-in capital and (ii) of the proceeds noted above, we intend to use approximately $380.1 million to purchase Common Units from certain existing owners of the TPG Operating Group (none of whom is an active TPG partner or Founder), at the IPO price of $29.50 per share paid by the public for shares of our Class A common stock in the IPO.

4)Reflects 70,811,664 shares of Class A common stock and 8,258,901 shares of nonvoting Class A common stock with a par value of $0.001 outstanding immediately after the IPO. This includes 30,085,604 shares of our Class A common stock issued in the IPO to new investors and 40,726,060 shares of Class A common stock and 8,258,901 shares of nonvoting Class A common stock received in exchange for Common Units by the holders of Common Units (other than TPG Inc.).

5)In connection with the IPO, we issued 229,652,641 shares of Class B common stock with a par value of $0.001 to the TPG Operating Group owners, other than us or our wholly-owned subsidiaries, on a one-to-one basis with the number of Common Units they own across each of the three TPG Operating Group entities. Each share of our Class B common stock will entitle its holder to ten votes.

As part of the IPO and pursuant to the Exchange Agreement, each Common Unit that is not held by us or our wholly-owned subsidiaries is exchangeable for either (i) cash equal to the value of one share of Class A common stock from a substantially concurrent public offering or private sale based on the closing price per share of the Class A common stock on the day before the pricing of such public offering or private sale (taking into account customary brokerage commissions or underwriting discounts actually incurred); or (ii) at our election, for one share of our Class A common stock (or, in certain cases, for shares of nonvoting Class A common stock).

We are reflecting the TPG Operating Group Common Units held by our affiliates as non-controlling interests on the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition since they relate to equity in the TPG Operating Group that is not attributable to us.

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6)In connection with the IPO, we entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement with certain of our pre-IPO owners that provides for the payment by us (or our subsidiary) to such pre-IPO owners of 85% of cash tax savings, if any, that we actually realize, or we are deemed to realize (calculated using certain assumptions) as a result of the Covered Tax Items. We will retain the benefit of the remaining 15% of these net cash tax savings under the Tax Receivable Agreement. Pursuant to the Corporate Conversion and the IPO, $10.6 million was recognized in due to affiliates for the Tax Receivable Agreement, which assumes: (i) only exchanges associated with the IPO, (ii) a share price equal to $29.50 per share less any underwriting discounts and commissions, (iii) a constant U.S. federal and state income tax rate of 23.0% (iv) no material changes in tax law, (v) the ability to utilize tax attributes, (vi) no adjustment for potential remedial allocations and (vii) future Tax Receivable Agreement payments. The impact of the Tax Receivable Agreement liability is reflected within additional paid-in capital.

7)The computation of the pro forma additional paid-in capital is shown below:

($ in thousands)Offering Transaction Adjustments
Proceeds from offering net of underwriting discounts and unpaid offering costs$820,721
Exchange of Common Units for Class A common stock and nonvoting Class A common stock (a)847,386
Reclassification of Partners' Capital to Additional paid-in capital1,167,397
Due to affiliates for Tax Receivable Agreement(10,611)
Other liabilities, net for deferred tax liability23,988
Par value of Class A common stock and nonvoting Class A common stock(79)
Par value of Class B common stock(230)
Non-controlling interests in TPG Operating Group (b)(2,350,321)
Additional paid-in capital$498,251

___________

(a)The exchange of Common Units for Class A common stock and nonvoting Class A common stock represents the 40,726,060 shares of Class A common stock and 8,258,901 shares of nonvoting Class A common stock issued by us in exchange for Common Units held by certain of our existing owners.

(b)Non-controlling interest in the TPG Operating Group represents the reallocation of net assets of the TPG Operating Group between TPG Inc. and other non-controlling interest holders.

8)We are deferring certain costs associated with this offering, including certain legal, accounting and other related expenses, which have been recorded in other assets, net in our unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. Upon completion of the IPO, we incurred approximately $31.8 million of offering costs that will be reflected as a reduction to additional paid-in capital, of which $24.2 million was recorded to other assets, net as of December 31, 2021. The remaining $9.4 million of unpaid offering costs are presented as an offset to proceeds from the IPO. We may incur additional costs through the completion of this offering which we expect to be settled in cash with the proceeds from this offering.

9)Following the IPO, we hold approximately 25.6% of the Common Units and 100% of the interests in certain intermediate holding companies. In our capacity as the sole indirect owner of the entities serving as the general partner of the TPG Operating Group partnerships, we indirectly control all of the TPG Operating Group’s business and affairs. As a result, we continue to consolidate the financial results of the TPG Operating Group and report non-controlling interests related to the interests held by the other partners of the TPG Operating Group, which represents a majority of the economic interest in the TPG Operating Group on our consolidated statement of financial condition.

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The computation of the pro forma adjustments to non-controlling interests is below:

($ in thousands)Offering Transaction Adjustments
Exchange of Common Units for Class A common stock (a)$(1,260,695)
Non-controlling interests in TPG Operating Group (b)2,350,321
Non-controlling interests$1,089,626

___________

(a)The exchange of Common Units for Class A common stock and nonvoting Class A common stock represents the 40,726,060 shares of Class A common stock and 8,258,901 shares of nonvoting Class A common stock issued by us in exchange for Common Units held by certain of our existing owners.

(b)Non-controlling interest in the TPG Operating Group represents the reallocation of net assets of the TPG Operating Group between TPG Inc. and other non-controlling interest holders.

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Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Other Data
For the Year Ended December 31, 2021
TPG Group Holdings HistoricalReorganization and Other Transaction AdjustmentsOffering Transaction AdjustmentsTPG Inc. Pro Forma
($ in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Revenues
Fees and other$977,904$20,807(3)$$998,711
Capital allocation-based income3,998,483(8,653)(1)3,989,830
Total revenues4,976,38712,1544,988,541
Expenses
Compensation and benefits579,698(140,278)(5)428,687(6)940,027
71,920(7)
Performance allocation compensation2,538,505(5)2,538,505
General, administrative and other278,590278,590
Depreciation and amortization21,22321,223
Interest expense16,2913,991(4)20,282
Expenses of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs:
Interest expense740(740)(1)
Other20,024(1,629)(1)18,395
Total expenses916,5662,399,849500,6073,817,022
Investment income
Income from investments:
Net gains (losses) from investment activities353,219(92,860)(1)260,359
Interest, dividends and other6,4606,460
Investment income of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs:
Net gains (losses) from investment activities23,392(23,392)(1)
Unrealized losses on derivative liabilities of Public SPACs211,822211,822
Interest, dividends and other10,321(4,029)(1)6,292
Total investment income605,214(120,281)484,933
Income before income taxes4,665,035(2,507,976)(500,607)1,656,452
Income tax expense9,03868,941(9)77,979
Net income4,655,997(2,507,976)(569,548)1,578,473
Less:
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable equity in Public SPACs155,131155,131
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated TPG Funds19,287(19,287)(1)
Net income (loss) attributable to other non-controlling interests2,455,825127,140(1)226,650(10)1,191,994
896,293(2)
3,257(3)
(625)(4)
(2,516,546)(5)
Net income attributable to TPG Inc.$2,025,754$(998,208)$(796,198)(11)$231,348
Pro forma net income per share data: (12)
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding
Basic79,360,700
Diluted309,013,341
Net income available to Class A common stock per share
Basic$2.91
Diluted$1.80

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Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Other Data
For the Year Ended December 31, 2020
TPG Group Holdings HistoricalReorganization and Other Transaction AdjustmentsOffering Transaction AdjustmentsTPG Inc. Pro Forma
($ in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Revenues
Fees and other$883,366$(85,174)(1)$$815,368
17,176(3)
Capital allocation-based income1,231,472159,840(1)1,391,312
Total revenues2,114,83891,8422,206,680
Expenses
Compensation and benefits522,715(45,088)(1)579,207(6)1,020,972
(113,697)(5)77,835(7)
Performance allocation compensation721,097(5)721,097
General, administrative and other260,748(33,885)(1)19,496(8)246,359
Depreciation and amortization7,137(397)(1)6,740
Interest expense18,993(612)(1)22,372
3,991(4)
Expenses of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs:
Interest expense722(722)(1)
Other7,241(2,016)(1)5,225
Total expenses817,556528,671676,5382,022,765
Investment income
Income from investments:
Net (losses) gains from investment activities(5,839)5,839(1)
Gain on deconsolidation401,695(401,695)(1)
Interest, dividends and other8,123(3,114)(1)5,009
Investment income of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs:
Net (losses) gains from investment activities(18,691)18,691(1)
Unrealized losses on derivative liabilities of Public SPACs(239,269)(239,269)
Interest, dividends and other5,410(5,399)(1)11
Total investment income151,429(385,678)(234,249)
Income before income taxes1,448,711(822,507)(676,538)(50,334)
Income tax expense9,779303(1)23,180(9)33,262
Net income1,438,932(822,810)(699,718)(83,596)
Less:
Net loss attributable to redeemable equity in Public SPACs(195,906)(195,906)
Net (loss) income attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated TPG Funds(12,380)12,380(1)
Net income (loss) attributable to other non-controlling interests719,6408,672(1)(359,307)(10)28,239
360,555(2)
2,677(3)
(622)(4)
(703,376)(5)
Net income attributable to TPG Inc.$927,578$(503,096)$(340,411)(11)$84,071

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TPG Group Holdings HistoricalReorganization and Other Transaction AdjustmentsOffering Transaction AdjustmentsTPG Inc. Pro Forma
Pro forma net income (loss) per share data: (12)
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding
Basic79,254,937
Diluted309,017,749
Net income (loss) available to Class A common stock per share
Basic$1.06
Diluted$(0.42)

Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Other Data

1)This adjustment relates to Excluded Assets and is made up of the following components:

Impact of changes in economics of certain TPG general partner interests in TPG Funds:

The TPG Operating Group transferred to RemainCo certain performance allocation economic entitlements from certain of the TPG general partner entities that are defined as Excluded Assets, as well as certain cash and amounts due to affiliates at the TPG Operating Group that relate to these TPG general partner entities’ economic entitlements. We continue to consolidate these TPG general partner entities because we maintain control and have an implicit variable interest. This adjustment results in a transfer of $127.1 million and $22.0 million from net income attributable to controlling interests to non-controlling interests for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, and is reflected in the table below.

Transfer of other investments:

The TPG Operating Group also transferred the economic entitlements associated with certain other investments, including our investment in our former affiliate. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the impact results in the exclusion of total revenues of $8.7 million and investment income of $92.9 million with a reduction to net income attributable to controlling interests of $85.6 million and non-controlling interest of $16.0 million. For the year ended December 31, 2020, the impact results in the exclusion of total revenues of $74.7 million, expenses of $80.0 million and investment income of $399.0 million with a reduction to net income attributable to controlling interests of $231.2 million and non-controlling interest of $13.4 million.

This does not include certain of our strategic equity method investments, including Harlem Capital Partners, VamosVentures and LandSpire Group, as the economics of these investments continue to be part of the TPG Operating Group after the Reorganization.

Deconsolidation of consolidated TPG Funds:

We transferred the TPG Operating Group’s co-investment interests in certain TPG Funds to RemainCo. These TPG Funds were historically consolidated and as a result of the transfer to RemainCo, are deconsolidated because we no longer hold a more than insignificant economic interest. For the year ended December 31, 2021, this results in a reduction of $2.4 million of expenses and $27.4 million of investment income, and associated impacts to income attributable to controlling, non-controlling interest in consolidated TPG Funds, and non-controlling interests, as shown in the table below. For the year ended December 31, 2020, this results in a reduction of $2.7 million of expenses, an increase of $13.3 million of investment income, and associated impacts to income attributable to controlling, non-controlling interest in consolidated TPG Funds and non-controlling interests, as shown in the table below.

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Impact Summary:

The amounts for these adjustments were derived based on historical financial results. The following table summarizes the pro forma impact for the Excluded Assets and deconsolidated TPG Funds:

Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
($ in thousands)Exclusion of legacy entitiesExclusion of consolidated fundsTotalExclusion of legacy entitiesExclusion of consolidated fundsTotal
Revenues
Fees and other$$$$(85,174)$$(85,174)
Capital allocation-based income (loss)(8,653)(8,653)159,840159,840
Total revenues(8,653)(8,653)74,66674,666
Expenses
Compensation and benefits(45,088)(45,088)
General, administrative and other(33,885)(33,885)
Depreciation and amortization(397)(397)
Interest expense(612)(612)
Expenses of consolidated TPG Funds:
Interest expense(740)(740)(722)(722)
Other(1,629)(1,629)(2,016)(2,016)
Total expenses(2,369)(2,369)(79,982)(2,738)(82,720)
Investment income
Income from investments:
Net gains (losses) from investment activities(92,860)(92,860)5,8395,839
Gain on deconsolidation(401,695)(401,695)
Interest, dividends and other(3,114)(3,114)
Investment income of consolidated TPG Funds:
Net gains (losses) from investment activities(23,392)(23,392)18,69118,691
Unrealized losses on derivative liabilities
Interest, dividends and other(4,029)(4,029)(5,399)(5,399)
Total investment income(92,860)(27,421)(120,281)(398,970)13,292(385,678)
Income before income taxes(101,513)(25,052)(126,565)(244,322)16,030(228,292)
Income tax expense303303
Net income (loss)(101,513)(25,052)(126,565)(244,625)16,030(228,595)
Less:
Net loss attributable to redeemable equity in Public SPACs
Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated TPG Funds(19,287)(19,287)12,38012,380
Net income (loss) attributable to other non-controlling interests128,043(903)127,1408,1035698,672
Net income (loss) attributable to controlling interests$(229,556)$(4,862)$(234,418)$(252,728)$3,081$(249,647)

2)This adjustment relates to the changes in economic entitlements that the holders of TPG Operating Group Common Units retain, and the associated reallocation of interests after the Reorganization. Specified Company Assets include certain TPG general partner entities to which the TPG Operating Group retained an economic entitlement and that are consolidated both before and after the Reorganization. As part of the Reorganization, the sharing percentage of the associated performance allocation income was reallocated between controlling and non-controlling interests. Subject to certain exceptions, we expect RemainCo to be entitled to between 10% and 15% of these Specified

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Company Assets’ related performance allocations, which we will treat as non-controlling interests, and to allocate generally between 65% and 70% indirectly to our partners and professionals through performance allocation vehicles and Promote Units, with the remaining 20% available for distribution to the TPG Operating Group Common Unit holders. RemainCo’s entitlement to performance allocations associated with future funds will step down over time. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Proposed Transactions—RemainCo Performance Earnings Agreement.” In conjunction with allocating between 65% and 70% of performance allocations associated with the Specified Company Assets to our partners and professionals, we will reduce the amount of cash-based bonuses historically paid to these individuals as further described in Note 5 below.

The primary impact of this is a reallocation from income attributable to controlling interests to income attributable to non-controlling interests. Specifically, this adjustment reflects reclassifications of $896.3 million and $360.6 million, for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, from net income attributable to controlling interests to net income attributable to other non-controlling interests.

3)This amount reflects an administrative services fee that we will receive for managing the Excluded Assets to be transferred to RemainCo that will not be part of the TPG Operating Group. The fee is based on 1% of the net asset value of RemainCo.

4)This adjustment reflects incremental interest expense related to additional financing the TPG Operating Group used to declare a distribution of $200.0 million to our controlling and non-controlling interest holders prior to the Reorganization and the IPO. The distribution was made with $200.0 million of proceeds from the senior unsecured term loan issuance. The Senior Unsecured Term Loan carries an interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.00% and matures in December 2024.

The impact of the adjustment is an increase to interest expense of $4.0 million with a corresponding impact to net income attributable to controlling interests and non-controlling interest holders, for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

5)Reflects the reclassification of performance allocation amounts owed to senior professionals from other non-controlling interests to performance allocation compensation. Following the IPO, we account for partnership distributions to our partners and professionals as performance allocation compensation expense. As described in Note 2 above, we have adjusted our performance allocation sharing percentage and in conjunction with allocating between 65% and 70% of performance allocations associated with the Specified Company Assets to certain of our people, we are reducing the amounts of cash-based bonuses and increasing the performance allocation compensation expense. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the impact to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations included additional performance allocation compensation of $2,398.2 million with a corresponding reduction to net income attributable to non-controlling interest and a reduction of $140.3 million from compensation and benefits with a corresponding increase to net income attributable to controlling and non-controlling interest of $118.3 million and $22.0 million, respectively. Amounts have been derived based upon our historical results.

For the year ended December 31, 2020, the impact to the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations included additional increase to performance allocation compensation of $607.4 million with a corresponding reduction to net income attributable to non-controlling interest and a reduction of $113.7 million from compensation with a corresponding increase to net income attributable to controlling and non-controlling interest of $96.0 million and $17.7 million, respectively. Amounts have been derived based upon our historical results.

6)Our current partners hold restricted indirect interests in Common Units through TPG Partner Holdings and indirect economic interests in RemainCo as a result of the Reorganization and the IPO. The number of TPG Partner Holdings units outstanding at the time of the IPO total 245,397,431, of which 73,849,986 are unvested. The number of units outstanding related to our existing partners’ indirect economic interests in RemainCo at the time of the IPO total 198,040,459, of which 26,922,374 are unvested. In conjunction with the Reorganization, TPG Partner Holdings distributed its interest in RemainCo and the underlying assets as part of a common control transaction to its existing owners, which are our current and former partners. No changes were made to the terms of the unvested units. TPG Partner Holdings and RemainCo will both be presented as non-controlling interest holders within our consolidated financial statements.

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We intend to account for the TPG Partner Holdings units and indirect economic interests in RemainCo as compensation expense in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 718 Compensation – Stock Compensation. The unvested TPG Partner Holdings units and unvested indirect economic interests in RemainCo will be charged to compensation and benefits as they vest over the remaining requisite service period on a straight-line basis. The vesting periods range from immediate vesting up to six years. Expense amounts for TPG Partner Holdings units have been derived utilizing a per unit value of $29.50 (the IPO price) and adjusting for factors unique to those units, multiplied by the number of unvested units, and will be expensed over the remaining requisite service period. Expense amounts for the unvested indirect interests in RemainCo have been derived based on the fair value of RemainCo, utilizing a discounted cash flow valuation approach, multiplied by the number of unvested interests, and will be expensed over the remaining requisite service period. These adjustments resulted in expenses for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 totaling $428.7 million and $579.2 million, respectively. There is no additional dilution to our stockholders, contractually these units are only related to our non-controlling interest holders, and there is no impact to the allocation of income and distributions to our stockholders. Therefore, we have allocated these expense amounts to our non-controlling interest holders. See “Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions—Proposed Transactions—The TPG Operating Group Limited Partnership Agreements” for additional details on RemainCo.

7)In connection with the IPO, we granted to certain of our people RSUs with respect to approximately 9,280,000 shares of Class A common stock (although we are authorized to grant up to 4% of our shares of Class A common stock, measured on a fully-diluted, as converted basis, which would be 12,277,912 shares of Class A common stock). Of these RSUs, we granted 8,229,960 shares of Class A common stock immediately following the completion of the IPO. These RSUs generally vest over four years in three equal installments on the second through fourth anniversaries of the grant date (with some grants vesting on shorter alternate vesting schedules), subject to the recipient’s continued provision of services to the Company or its affiliates through the vesting date. In addition, under the TPG Inc. Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, which was approved by our board of directors on December 7, 2021 (the “Omnibus Plan”), (refer to Exhibit 10.21 within Form 10-K), we granted immediately following the IPO long-term performance incentive awards to certain of our key executives in the form of RSUs (certain of which have performance-vesting criteria) with respect to a total of 2,203,390 shares of Class A common stock. Furthermore, we have currently named two of our three independent directors, and granted RSUs to the two named independent directors with respect to 20,340 shares of Class A common stock, immediately following the IPO. This adjustment reflects compensation expense associated with the grants described above had they occurred at the beginning of the period presented. The grants of such RSUs results in recognition of compensation expense for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020 in the amount of $71.9 million and $77.8 million, respectively. These expenses are non-cash in nature and allocated to the Common Unit holders.

Not included in the above Offering Transaction Adjustment are RSUs (which are part of the RSUs with respect to approximately 9,280,000 shares of Class A common stock referred to above) with respect to 1,050,040 shares that will be granted in 2022 after the IPO, including those to people hired for new roles created in connection with the IPO. In addition, we plan to grant RSUs of 10,170 shares to our third independent director when named. These additional grants will have similar vesting terms and conditions as the RSUs mentioned above.

8)We have estimated we will incur approximately $19.5 million in additional non-recurring transaction and Reorganization related costs in connection with the IPO. These amounts are not directly related to the issuance of securities in the IPO but are related to the Reorganization and have been reflected as an adjustment in the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations for the year ended December 31, 2020.

9)The TPG Operating Group partnerships have been and are expected to continue to be treated as partnerships for U.S. federal and state income tax purposes. Following the IPO, we are subject to U.S. federal income taxes, in addition to state, local and foreign income taxes with respect to our allocable share of any taxable income generated by the TPG Operating Group that will flow through to its interest holders, including us. As a result, the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations reflects adjustments to our income tax expense to reflect a blended statutory tax rate of 23.0% at TPG, which was calculated assuming the U.S. federal rates currently in effect and the statutory rates applicable to each state, local and foreign jurisdiction where we estimate our income will be apportioned. The following table summarizes the impact for the periods presented:

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Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
($ in thousands)Reorganization and Other Transaction Adjustments
Income before provision for income taxes$2,157,059$626,204
Less:
Provision for local and foreign income taxes9,03810,082
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable interest in Public SPACs155,131(195,906)
Net income attributable to other non-controlling interests965,344387,546
Income before provision for income taxes attributable to TPG Operating Group1,027,546424,482
TPG Inc. blended statutory tax rate0.00%0.00%
Provision for TPG Inc. statutory income tax
Provision for local and foreign income taxes9,03810,082
Less: Prior recorded provision attributable to TPG9,0389,779
Adjustment to provision for income taxes$$303
Year Ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
($ in thousands)Offering Transaction Adjustment
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes$1,656,452$(50,334)
Less:
Provision for local and foreign income taxes9,03810,082
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable interest in Public SPACs155,131(195,906)
Net income attributable to other non-controlling interests1,191,99428,239
Income before provision for income taxes attributable to TPG Inc.300,289107,251
TPG Inc. blended statutory tax rate23%23%
Provision for income taxes69,06624,667
Add: Provision for income taxes of consolidated affiliates of TPG Inc.8,9138,595
Less: Prior recorded provision attributable to TPG9,03810,082
Adjustment to provision for income taxes$68,941$23,180

10)Prior to the IPO, TPG held Common Units representing 78.1% of the Common Units and 100% of the interests in certain intermediate holding companies. In our capacity as the sole indirect owner of the entities serving as the general partner of the TPG Operating Group partnerships, we indirectly control all of the TPG Operating Group’s business and affairs. As a result, we consolidate the financial results of the TPG Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries and report non-controlling interests related to the interests held by the other partners of the TPG Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries in our consolidated statements of operations. Following the IPO, TPG owns 25.6% of the Common Units, and the other partners of the TPG Operating Group will own the remaining 74.4%, excluding the equity-based compensation expense related to our partners’ unvested TPG Partner Holdings units and indirect economic interests in RemainCo, which has been allocated only to non-controlling interest holders. Net income attributable to non-controlling interests will represent 74.4% of the consolidated income before taxes of the TPG Operating Group. Promote Units are not included in this calculation of ownership interest.

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The computation of the pro forma income attributable to non-controlling interests in the TPG Operating Group is shown below.

Year ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
($ in thousands)Reorganization and Other Transaction Adjustments
Income before provision for income taxes$2,157,059$626,204
Less:
Provision for local and foreign income taxes9,03810,082
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable interest in Public SPACs155,131(195,906)
Allocable Income1,992,890812,028
Less:
TPG Inc.’s economic interest in the TPG Operating Group (a)1,027,546424,482
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in the TPG Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries$965,344$387,546

___________

(a)The amount represents the net income attributable to non-controlling interest holders in the TPG Operating Group adjusted for the allocation of equity-based compensation expenses related to TPG Partner Holdings units and indirect economic interests in RemainCo held by our partners. Refer to note 6 herein.

Year ended December 31, 2021Year Ended December 31, 2020
($ in thousands)Offering Transaction Adjustment
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes$1,656,452$(50,334)
Less:
Provision for local and foreign income taxes77,97933,262
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable interest in Public SPACs155,131(195,906)
Allocable Income1,423,342112,310
Less:
TPG Inc.’s economic interest in the TPG Operating Group231,34884,071
Net income attributable to non-controlling interest in the TPG Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries (a)1,191,99428,239
Less: As adjusted pro forma income attributable to non-controlling interest in the TPG Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries965,344387,546
Adjustment to income attributable to non-controlling interest in the TPG Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries$226,650$(359,307)

___________

(a)The amount represents the net income attributable to non-controlling interest holders in the TPG Operating Group adjusted for the allocation of equity-based compensation expenses related to TPG Partner Holdings units and indirect economic interests in RemainCo held by our partners. Refer to note 6 herein.

11)Pro forma basic net income per share is computed by dividing net income available to Class A common stockholders by the weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding during the period. The weighted-average shares outstanding excludes shares of Class A common stock reserved for issuance under the Omnibus Plan equal to 10% of our shares of Class A common stock, measured on a fully-diluted, as converted basis, including that we intend to grant up to 4% to certain of our people in connection with the IPO, as well as certain long-term performance incentive awards and awards to our independent directors. We anticipate that a portion of the RSUs we intend to grant to certain of our people in connection with the offering will be granted immediately following the effectiveness of the IPO and a portion may be granted thereafter in 2022 in relation to the IPO, including to people hired for new roles created in connection with the IPO. Pro forma diluted net income per share is computed by adjusting the net income available to Class A common stockholders and the weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding to give effect to potentially dilutive securities. The calculation of diluted earnings per share excludes Class B common stock, which may only be held by the TPG Operating Group owners other than us

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or our wholly-owned subsidiaries and their respective permitted transferees, and are therefore not included in the computation of pro forma basic or diluted net income per share.

12)The following table sets forth a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators used to compute pro forma basic and diluted net income per share.

Year ended December 31, 2021Year ended December 31, 2020
($ in thousands, except share and per share amounts)
Pro forma basic net income per share:
Numerator
Net income (loss)$1,578,473$(83,596)
Less: Net income attributable to participating securities23,0898,513
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable interests in Public SPACs155,131(195,906)
Net income attributable to interests in other non-controlling interest1,169,35720,132
Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common stockholders – Basic$230,896$83,665
Denominator
Shares of Class A common stock outstanding – Basic79,360,70079,254,937
Basic net income per share$2.91$1.06
Pro forma diluted net income per share:
Numerator
Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common stockholders – Basic$230,896$83,665
Reallocation of net income (loss) assuming exchange of Common Units to Class A common stocks324,052(212,355)
Net income (loss) attributable to Class A common stockholders – Diluted$554,948$(128,690)
Denominator
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding – Basic79,360,70079,254,937
Vesting of restricted share awards
Exchange of Common Units to Class A common stocks229,652,641229,652,641
Weighted-average shares of Class A common stock outstanding – Diluted309,013,341308,907,578
Diluted net income (loss) per share:$1.80$(0.42)

In computing the dilutive effect, if any, that equity-based awards would have on earnings per share, we consider the reallocation of net income between holders of Class A common stock and non-controlling interests.

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Unaudited Pro Forma Non-GAAP Financial Measures

The following table sets forth our non-GAAP and pro forma non-GAAP financial measures after Offering Transaction Adjustments for the year ended December 31, 2021:

Year ended December 31, 2021Year ended December 31, 2020
($ in thousands)Non-GAAPPro Forma Non-GAAPNon-GAAPPro Forma Non-GAAP
Management fees$718,364$718,364$623,658$623,658
Transaction, monitoring, and other fees, net102,041102,04149,45549,455
Other income46,67353,957(1)42,92054,339(1)
Fee Related Revenues867,078874,362716,033727,452
Compensation and benefits, net521,413381,135(2)441,245327,548(2)
Operating expenses, net167,114167,114173,338173,338
Fee Related Expenses688,527548,249614,583500,886
Total Fee-Related Earnings$178,551$326,113$101,450$226,566
Realized performance allocations, net999,603204,664(2), (3)313,49040,817(2), (3)
Realized investment income and other, net92,72066,720(4)57,2315,036(4)
Depreciation expense(6,775)(6,775)(6,556)(6,556)
Interest expense, net(14,928)(18,919)(5)(14,843)(18,835)(5)
Distributable Earnings$1,249,171$571,803$450,772$247,028
Income taxes(9,308)(33,684)(6)(9,305)(14,552)(6)
After-Tax Distributable Earnings$1,239,863$538,119$441,467$232,476

Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Non-GAAP Financial Measures

1)The difference in other income between non-GAAP and pro forma non-GAAP financial measures is attributable to: (i) removing the other income associated with the other investments that were transferred to RemainCo and (ii) an administrative services fee that we will receive for managing the Excluded Assets transferred to RemainCo that are not part of the TPG Operating Group. The fee is based on 1% of the net asset value of RemainCo.

2)This adjustment reflects the reduction of our cash-based bonuses we historically paid to our partners and professionals within compensation and benefits, net. Through the Reorganization, we have increased certain of our people’s share of performance allocations associated with the Specified Company Assets from approximately 50% to between 65% and 70%. The impact of this is a decrease in compensation and benefits, net of $140.3 million and $113.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

3)Realized performance allocations, net only include the amounts the TPG Operating Group is entitled to after gross realized performance allocations has been reduced by realized performance allocation compensation and non-controlling interests. Following the Reorganization, the TPG Operating Group will receive approximately 20% of the future performance allocations associated with the general partner entities that retained an economic interest in. This adjustment to our sharing percentage was made to allow us to reduce cash-based bonuses paid to our partners. The impact of this adjustment is a decrease in realized performance allocations, net of $794.9 million and $272.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

4)The difference in realized investment income and other, net is related to the transfer to RemainCo of the certain other investments that make up the Excluded Assets. The TPG Operating Group retained its interests in our strategic investments in NewQuest, Harlem Capital Partners, VamosVentures and LandSpire Group. This resulted in a decrease to realized investment income and other, net of $26.0 million and $32.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Also, $19.5 million of additional non-recurring transaction and reorganization related costs are reflected as if incurred during the year ended December 31, 2020.

5)This difference relates to additional interest expense from new financing the TPG Operating Group used to declare a distribution of $200.0 million to our controlling and non-controlling interest holders prior to the Reorganization and the IPO. The distribution was made with $200.0 million proceeds from the senior unsecured term loan issuance. The

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Senior Unsecured Term Loan carries an interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.00% and matures in December 2024. The impact of the adjustment is an increase to interest expense of $4.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

6)The difference in income tax expense is attributable to the Corporate Conversion. The income tax expense adjustment reflects TPG Inc.’s share of pro forma pre-tax distributable earnings, which equals 25.6%, multiplied by TPG Inc.’s effective tax rate of 23.0%.

Unaudited Pro Forma Non-GAAP Balance Sheet Measures

Book assets, book liabilities and net book value are non-GAAP performance measures of TPG Operating Group’s assets, liabilities and equity on a deconsolidated basis which reflects our investments in subsidiaries as equity method investments. Additionally, the book assets, book liabilities and net book value include the tax assets and liabilities of TPG Inc. Following the Reorganization and the IPO, we plan to utilize these measures to assess the unrealized value of our book assets after deducting for book liabilities and as well as assess our indirect interest in accrued performance allocations from our TPG Funds and our co-investments in TPG Funds and third-party investments. We believe these measures will be useful to investors as they will provide additional insight into the net assets of the TPG Operating Group on a deconsolidated basis. These non-GAAP financial measures should not be considered as a substitute for, or superior to, similar financial measures calculated in accordance with GAAP. These non-GAAP financial measures may differ from the calculations of other alternative asset managers and, as a result, may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies.

The following table sets forth our pro forma non-GAAP book assets, book liabilities and book value after the IPO transaction adjustments as of December 31, 2021:

Year ended December 31, 2021
(in thousands)Non-GAAPPro Forma Non-GAAP
Book Assets
Cash and cash equivalents$242,370$646,387(1), (2)
Restricted cash13,13513,135
Accrued performance allocations1,344,348769,283(3)
Other investments894,741894,741
Other assets, net398,154169,713(1), (2)
Total Book Assets$2,892,748$2,493,259
Book Liabilities
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other$525,267$308,421(1), (2), (4)
Securitized borrowing, net244,950244,950
Senior unsecured term loan199,494199,494
Total Book Liabilities$969,711$752,865
Net Book Value$1,923,037$1,740,394(5)

Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Non-GAAP Balance Sheet Measures

1)The difference between non-GAAP and Pro Forma non-GAAP balance sheet measures relates to the transfer of Excluded Assets, which consist of rights to future performance allocations related to certain general partner entities as described in Note 1 in the Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. Additionally, certain of our other investments and investments into TPG Funds have been excluded, because such interests are not part of the TPG Operating Group. We would have transferred (i) $27.2 million of cash; (ii) $204.5 million of other assets; and (iii) $203.3 million of other liabilities to RemainCo.

2)Includes $431.2 million of proceeds, net of estimated underwriting discounts and unpaid offering costs of $31.8 million, of which $24.0 million was previously capitalized and accrued in Other Assets, net and Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other, respectively.

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3)Following the Reorganization, the TPG Operating Group and Common Unit holders are expected to receive approximately 20% of the future performance allocations associated with the general partner entities that we retain an economic interest in as described in Note 2 above in the Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition. This adjustment reduces our share of accrued performance allocations by $575.1 million.

4)Reflects a Tax Receivable Agreement liability of $10.4 million related to the Reorganization of TPG into a corporation and associated offering transactions.

5)Represents the impact to the net book value of the TPG Operating Group after the IPO transaction adjustments.

Reconciliations to GAAP Measures

The following table reconciles the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in the Unaudited Pro Forma GAAP Statement of Operations to our Unaudited Non-GAAP Pro Forma financial measures for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020.

Year Ended December 31,
($ in thousands)20212020
Total Pro Forma GAAP Net Income (loss)$1,578,473$(83,596)
Net income (loss) attributable to redeemable equity in Public SPACs(155,131)195,906
Net income attributable to other non-controlling interests(756,925)(395,032)
Performance fees from other non-controlling interest(5,908)
Share-based compensation expense500,608657,042
Amortization expense14,195
Unrealized performance allocations, net(425,924)(153,807)
Unrealized investment income(232,988)(15,542)
Unrealized loss on derivatives(20,626)9,570
Income tax expense44,56517,935
Other(2,220)
Pro Forma After-tax Distributable Earnings$538,119$232,476
Income tax expense33,68414,552
Pro Forma Distributable Earnings$571,803$247,028
Realized performance fees, net(204,664)(40,817)
Realized investment income and other, net(66,719)(5,036)
Depreciation expense6,7756,556
Interest expense, net18,91818,835
Total Pro Forma Fee-Related Earnings$326,113$226,566

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The following tables provide reconciliations of Unaudited Pro Forma Assets and Liabilities measures to our Unaudited Non-GAAP Pro Forma Book Assets and Liabilities as of December 31, 2021.

($ in thousands)Year ended December 31, 2021
Total Pro Forma GAAP Assets$9,342,042
Impact of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs(1,024,465)
Impact of other consolidated entities(5,306,966)
Impact of Promote Units(517,352)
Total Pro Forma Book Assets$2,493,259
Total Pro Forma GAAP Liabilities$5,331,852
Impact of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs(56,532)
Accrued performance allocation compensation(3,848,126)
Impact of other consolidated entities(674,329)
Total Pro Forma Book Liabilities$752,865
Total Pro Forma GAAP Redeemable equity from consolidated Public SPACs$1,000,027
Impact of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs(1,000,027)
Total Pro Forma GAAP Redeemable equity from consolidated Public SPACs$
Total Pro Forma GAAP Equity$3,010,163
Impact of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs32,094
Accrued performance allocation compensation3,848,126
Impact of other consolidated entities(4,632,637)
Impact of Promote Units(517,352)
Total Pro Forma Net Book Value$1,740,394

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Distributable Earnings. DE is used to assess performance and amounts potentially available for distributions to partners. DE is derived from and reconciled to, but not equivalent to, its most directly comparable GAAP measure of net income. DE differs from GAAP net income computed in accordance with GAAP in that it does not include (i) unrealized performance allocations and related compensation and benefit expense, (ii) unrealized investment income, (iii) equity-based compensation expense, (iv) net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated entities, or (v) certain non-cash items, such as contingent reserves.

While we believe that the inclusion or exclusion of the aforementioned GAAP income statement items provides investors with a meaningful indication of our core operating performance, the use of DE without consideration of the related GAAP measures is not adequate due to the adjustments described herein. This measure supplements GAAP net income and should be considered in addition to and not in lieu of the results of operations presented accordance with GAAP discussed further under “—Key Components of our Results of Operations—Results of Operations” prepared in accordance with GAAP.

After-tax Distributable Earnings. After-tax Distributable Earnings (“After-tax DE”) is a non-GAAP performance measure of our distributable earnings after reflecting the impact of income tax expense. We use it to assess how income tax expense effects amounts available to be distributed to our partners. After-tax DE differs from GAAP net income computed in accordance with GAAP in that it does not include the items described in the definition of DE herein; however, unlike DE it does reflect the impact of income tax expense.

We believe that while the inclusion or exclusion of the aforementioned GAAP income statement items provides investors with a meaningful indication of our core operating performance, the use of After-tax DE without consideration of the related GAAP measures is not adequate due to the adjustments described herein. This measure supplements GAAP net income and should be considered in addition to and not in lieu of the results of operations presented in accordance with GAAP discussed further under “—Key Components of our Results of Operations-Results of Operations.”

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Fee-Related Earnings. FRE is a supplemental performance measure and is used to evaluate our business and make resource deployment and other operational decisions. FRE differs from net income computed in accordance with GAAP in that it adjusts for the items included in the calculation of DE and also adjusts to exclude (i) realized performance allocations and related compensation expense, (ii) realized investment income from investments and financial instruments, (iii) net interest (interest expense less interest income), (iv) depreciation, (v) amortization and (vi) certain non-core income and expenses. We use FRE to measure the ability of our business to cover compensation and operating expenses from fee revenues other than capital allocation-based income. The use of FRE without consideration of the related GAAP measures is not adequate due to the adjustments described herein.

Fee-Related Revenues. Fee-related revenues is a component of FRE. Fee-related revenues is comprised of (i) management fees, (ii) transaction, monitoring and other fees, net, and (iii) other income. Fee-related revenue differs from revenue computed in accordance with GAAP in that it excludes certain reimbursement expense arrangements. Refer to “—Reconciliation to GAAP Measures” to the comparable line items on the combined statements of operations.

Fee-Related Expenses. Fee-related expenses is a component of FRE. Fee-related expenses differs from expenses computed in accordance with GAAP in that it is net of certain reimbursement arrangements. Fee-related expenses is used in management’s review of the business. Refer to “—Reconciliation to GAAP Measures” to the comparable line items on the combined statements of operations.

Fee-related revenues and fee-related expenses are presented separately in our calculation of non-GAAP measures in order to better illustrate the profitability of our FRE. The use of fee-related revenues and FRE without consideration of the related GAAP measures is not adequate due to the adjustments described herein.

Our calculations of DE, FRE, fee-related revenue and fee-related expenses may differ from the calculations of other investment managers. As a result, these measures may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other investment managers.

The following table sets forth our total FRE and DE for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in thousands)
Management fees$718,364$623,658$588,614
Transaction, monitoring, and other fees, net102,04149,45548,293
Other income46,67342,92054,391
Fee Related Revenues867,078716,033691,298
Compensation and benefits, net521,413441,245428,484
Operating expenses, net167,114173,338193,580
Fee Related Expenses688,527614,583622,064
Total Fee-Related Earnings$178,551$101,450$69,234
Realized performance allocations, net999,603313,490285,977
Realized investment income and other, net92,72057,23154,239
Depreciation expense(6,775)(6,556)(6,419)
Interest expense, net(14,928)(14,843)(4,255)
Distributable Earnings$1,249,171$450,772$398,776
Income taxes(9,308)(9,305)(5,454)
After-Tax Distributable Earnings$1,239,863$441,467$393,322

Within our GAAP Results of Operations, our former affiliate is presented as an equity method investment beginning May 1, 2020 and was consolidated prior to such date. For comparability purposes across all periods presented, the historical non-GAAP financial measures presented in the table above reflect our former affiliate business as being deconsolidated and its net earnings are included within Other Income. Please refer to “—Reconciliation of GAAP Measures.”

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Year Ended December 31, 2021 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2020

Fee-Related Revenues

Fee-related revenues increased by $151.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily due to higher management fees of $94.7 million and transaction, monitoring and other fees, net of $52.6 million, and other income of $3.8 million.

Management Fees

The following table presents management fees in our platforms for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

Year Ended December 31,
20212020
($ in thousands)
Capital$335,376$335,123
Growth142,388110,551
Impact106,09663,755
Real Estate70,44270,449
Market Solutions64,06243,780
Total Management Fees$718,364$623,658

The increase in management fees of $94.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 was largely due to additional management fees of $42.3 million earned from the Impact platform, primarily as a result of the launch of Rise Climate during the third quarter of 2021. Management fees generated from the Growth platform increased $31.8 million, primarily driven by Growth V, TTAD I, and TDM which generated $49.7 million, $5.2 million, and $3.0 million, respectively, in additional management fees, partially offset by lower fees generated from Growth IV of $21.9 million. Market Solutions also contributed $20.3 million to the overall management fee increase primarily due to the acquisition of the NewQuest funds during the year.

Certain management fees in the year ended December 31, 2021 were considered catch-up fees as a result of additional capital commitments from limited partners to Growth V and Rise II in the amounts of $9.2 million and $0.2 million, respectively. Both funds had their initial close in 2020.

Transaction, Monitoring and Other Fees, Net

The following table presents transaction, monitoring and other fees, net in our platforms for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

Year Ended December 31,
20212020
($ in thousands)
Market Solutions$91,737$35,678
Capital5,5459,058
Impact4,2643,809
Growth495560
Real Estate350
Total Transaction, Monitoring, and Other Fees, Net$102,041$49,455

The increase in transaction, monitoring and other fees, net of $52.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily attributable to the Market Solutions platform as a result of higher levels of participation by our broker-dealer in the debt and equity capital markets activities of our portfolio companies. The increase was partially offset by decreased transaction fees earned from portfolio companies in TPG VII of the Capital platform.

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Other Income

The following table presents other income for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

Year Ended December 31,
20212020
($ in thousands)
Former affiliate funds$38,942$34,204
Other investments5,1617,186
Other income2,5701,530
Total Other Income(1)$46,673$42,920

___________

(1) Includes other income of $13.5 million and $5.8 million during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, generated by certain other investments that were transferred to RemainCo as Excluded Assets on December 31, 2021.

The increase in other income of $3.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily driven by appreciation from our investment in our former affiliate resulting in $4.8 million of additional income.

Fee-Related Expenses

Fee-related expenses increased by $73.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020. The increase was primarily comprised of additional compensation and benefits, net of $80.2 million, partially offset by decreased operating expenses, net of $6.2 million.

Compensation and Benefits, Net

The following table presents compensation and benefits, net for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

Year Ended December 31,
20212020
($ in thousands)
Salaries and benefits$169,552$158,967
Bonuses(1)342,276278,059
Benefits and other71,06560,980
Reimbursements(61,480)(56,761)
Total Compensation and Benefits, Net$521,413$441,245

___________

(1)Includes bonus compensation of $138.6 million and $113.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, for TPG senior professionals that we anticipate being paid as performance allocation rather than discretionary bonus beginning in 2022.

The increase in compensation and benefits, net of $80.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to increased bonuses of $64.2 million, benefits and other of $10.1 million, and salaries and benefits of $10.6 million as a result of additional headcount and merit increases driven by growth in fee-related revenues and the consolidation of NewQuest. The increase was partially offset by additional compensation reimbursements related to services provided to certain funds and portfolio companies.

Operating Expenses, Net

Operating expenses, net includes general and administrative expenses as well as reimbursements for professional services and travel expenses related to investment management and advisory services provided to TPG funds and monitoring services provided to our portfolio companies in the amounts of $18.7 million and $14.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

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The decrease in operating expenses, net of $6.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to a decrease in office expenses of $3.1 million, travel expenses of $2.3 million, and additional reimbursements related to services provided to certain funds and portfolio companies of $3.9 million, partially offset by a higher level of professional fees and other administrative costs of $6.5 million.

Realized Performance Allocations, Net

Realized performance allocations, net include gross realized performance allocations of $1,957.5 million and $607.2 million, net of realized performance allocations to TPG affiliated partners of $957.9 million and $293.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

The following table presents realized performance allocations, net from our platforms for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

Year Ended December 31,
20212020
($ in thousands)
Capital$725,171$178,317
Growth234,02579,138
Real Estate27,7074,763
Market Solutions12,13251,272
Impact568
Total Realized Performance Allocations, Net(1)$999,603$313,490

___________

(1)Includes realized performance allocations, net of $794.9 million and $272.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, attributable to the TPG Operating Group Excluded entities. As previously described herein, these entities’ performance allocations will not be a component of distributable earnings beginning in 2022.

Realized performance allocations, net $999.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 were largely generated from realizations in TPG VII of $501.6 million, TPG VI of $173.5 million and Asia VI of $28.4 million in the Capital platform. Realizations from the Growth platform were generated from Growth III of $131.2 million, Growth II of $35.8 million, Biotech III of $27.8 million, TSI of $24.0 million and TTAD I of $11.2 million. Realizations from the Real Estate platform were generated from Real Estate II of $24.5 million. The activity consisted of realizations sourced from portfolio companies including Astound, Kindred at Home, Transplace Holdings, Creative Artists Agency, DirecTV and Medical Solutions.

Realized performance allocations, net of $313.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 were largely generated from realizations in TPG VI of $53.2 million and TPG VII of $105.2 million in the Capital platform. Realizations from the Growth platform were generated from Growth II of $58.8 million, and TPG Pace within the Market Solutions platform. The realized performance allocation mainly consisted of amounts from portfolio companies including WellSky, LLamasoft, IQVIA Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: IQV), Uber (NYSE: UBER) and Adare Pharmaceuticals.

Realized Investment Income and Other, Net

The following table presents realized investment income and other, net for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

Year Ended December 31,
20212020
($ in thousands)
Investments in TPG funds$111,151$32,215
Other investments23,64732,276
Non-core income (expense)(42,078)(7,260)
Total Realized Investment Income and Other, Net(1)$92,720$57,231

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___________

(1)Includes realized investment income and other, net of $26.0 million and $32.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, generated by certain other investments that were transferred to RemainCo as of December 31, 2021.

The increase in realized investment income and other, net of $35.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to realizations from our investments in the TPG Funds for $78.3 million driven by the Capital platform by $53.5 million, Growth platform by $10.6 million and Market Solutions platform by $3.4 million. The increase was partially offset by a reduction in other investments of $8.0 million and increased non-core transaction expenses of $28.3 million primarily related to the Reorganization described in the Organization section herein.

Depreciation

Depreciation expense increased $0.2 million between the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. There were no significant purchases or disposals that occurred during the period.

Interest Expense, Net

The following table presents interest expense, net for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

Year Ended December 31,
20212020
($ in thousands)
Interest expense$15,728$18,343
Interest (income)(800)(3,500)
Interest Expense, Net$14,928$14,843

The increase in interest expense, net during the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to decreased interest income from cash balances, partially offset by decreased interest expense due to the payoff of an outstanding credit facility balance in 2021.

Distributable Earnings

The increase in DE for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to the year ended December 31, 2020 was primarily due to higher FRE, realized performance allocations, net, and realized investment income and other, net, partially offset by an increase in interest expense, net.

Income Taxes

Income taxes were consistent for the years ended December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020 driven by stable income generated by our consolidated foreign subsidiaries.

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Year Ended December 31, 2020 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2019

Fee-related revenues increased by $24.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The increase was primarily due to higher management fees of $35.0 million and transaction, monitoring and other fees, net of $1.2 million, partially offset by a decrease in other income of $11.5 million.

Management Fees

The following table presents management fees in our platforms for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
20202019
($ in thousands)
Capital$335,123$331,358
Growth110,551109,554
Real Estate70,44972,729
Impact63,75543,452
Market Solutions43,78031,521
Total Management Fees$623,658$588,614

The increase in management fees of $35.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily driven from TPG VIII and THP totaling an additional $12.0 million, Growth II Gator of $7.6 million arising from the full-year effect of the fund during the year ended December 31, 2020, $4.1 million in TTAD I, fees earned from TPEP of $12.2 million and $32.7 million from closing of Rise II and Evercare during the year ended December 31, 2019. This was offset by lower management fees of $0.6 million related to the step down from TREP II following the closing of TREP III in 2018 as well as $12.1 million from Rise I, $4.6 million from Asia VII, $7.4 million from Growth II and $6.7 million from Growth IV.

$6.9 million of management fees in the year ended December 31, 2019 were considered catch-up fees from additional capital commitments from limited partners to Asia VII, which had its first close in 2017.

Transaction, Monitoring and Other Fees, Net

The following table presents transaction, monitoring and other fees, net in our platforms for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
20202019
($ in thousands)
Market Solutions$35,678$10,095
Capital9,05823,735
Impact3,8095,587
Growth560579
Real Estate3508,297
Total Transaction, Monitoring, and Other Fees, Net$49,455$48,293

The increase in transaction, monitoring and other fees, net of $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was attributable to the Market Solutions platform as a result of higher levels of participation by our broker-dealer in the debt and equity capital markets activities of our portfolio companies during the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. This increase was offset by decreased monitoring fees earned from portfolio companies of the Capital platform and incentive fees earned from the Real Estate platform.

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Other Income

The following table presents other income for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
20202019
($ in thousands)
Former affiliate funds$34,204$48,320
Other investments7,1863,815
Other income1,5302,256
Total Other Income(1)$42,920$54,391

___________

(1)Includes other income of $5.8 million, $21.0 million and $17.8 million during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, generated by certain other investments were transferred to RemainCo as of December 31, 2021.

The decrease in other income of $11.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily driven by reduced economics from our investment in our former affiliate, partially offset by reimbursements for operational services provided to our former affiliate and an increase in income from our other investments.

Fee-Related Expenses

Fee-related expenses decreased by $7.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019. The decrease was primarily comprised of reduced operating expenses, net of $20.3 million, partially offset by increased compensation and benefits, net of $12.8 million.

Compensation and Benefits, Net

The following table presents compensation and benefits, net for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
20202019
($ in thousands)
Salaries and benefits$158,967$152,513
Bonuses(1)278,059262,394
Benefits and other60,98066,824
Reimbursements(56,761)(53,247)
Total Compensation and Benefits, Net$441,245$428,484

___________

(1)Includes bonus compensation of $113.7 million and $113.2 million during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, for TPG senior professionals that we anticipate being paid as performance allocation rather than discretionary bonus beginning in 2022.

The increase in compensation and benefits, net of $12.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to an increase in salaries from growth in headcount and merit. Bonuses increased as a result of merit and growth in fee-related revenues, partially offset by increased compensation reimbursements related to services provided to certain funds and portfolio companies.

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Operating Expenses, Net

Operating expenses, net includes general and administrative expenses as well as reimbursements for professional services and travel expenses related to investment management and advisory services provided to TPG funds and monitoring services provided to our portfolio companies in the amounts of $14.8 million, and $14.3 million during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

The decrease in operating expenses, net of $20.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to the amount of certain reimbursable expenses. Additionally, there was a decrease in travel and overhead related expenses as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic. These decreases were partially offset by a higher level of professional fees and other administrative costs in connection with the growth of the business.

Realized Performance Allocations, Net

Realized performance allocations, net include gross realized performance allocations of $607.2 million and $578.8 million and net of realized performance allocations to TPG affiliated partners of $293.7 million and $292.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

The following table presents realized performance allocations, net from our platforms for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
20202019
($ in thousands)
Capital$178,317$82,097
Growth79,13889,088
Real Estate51,272111,128
Market Solutions4,7633,664
Total Realized Performance Allocations, Net(1)$313,490$285,977

___________

(1)Includes realized performance allocations, net of $272.7 million and $260.8 million during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, attributable to the TPG Operating Group Excluded entities. As previously described herein, these entities’ performance allocations will not be a component of distributable earnings beginning in 2022.

Realized performance allocations, net of $313.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 were largely generated from realizations in the Capital platform, including TPG VI for $53.2 million and TPG VII for $105.2 million, the Growth platform, including Growth II for $58.8 million, and TPG Pace within the Market Solutions platform. The realized performance allocation mainly consisted of amounts from portfolio companies including WellSky, LLamasoft, IQVIA Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: IQV), Uber (NYSE: UBER) and Adare Pharmaceuticals.

Realized performance allocations, net of $286.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2019 were largely generated from realizations in the Capital platform, including TPG VI for $20.4 million and Asia V for $53.5 million, the Growth platform, including Growth II for $82.9 million and TPG Pace within the Market Solutions platform. The realized performance allocation mainly consisted of amounts from portfolio companies including IQVIA Holdings, Inc. (NYSE: IQV), Lenta (LSE: LNTA), Transporeon, Nexeo Solutions (NASDAQ: NXEO) and McAfee Corp (NASDAQ: MCFE).

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Realized Investment Income and Other, Net

The following table presents realized investment income and other, net for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
20202019
($ in thousands)
Other investments$32,276$45,320
Investments in TPG funds32,21526,554
Non-core income (expense)(7,260)(17,635)
Total Realized Investment Income and Other, Net(1)$57,231$54,239

___________

(1)Includes realized investment income and other, net of $32.7 million and $56.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, generated by certain other investments that were transferred to RemainCo as of December 31, 2021.

The increase in realized investment income and other, net of $3.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to the reduced transaction expenses in non-core income (expense) of $10.4 million as well as realizations from our investments in the Capital platform. The increases were offset by a decrease in other investments related to the disaffiliation of our former affiliate.

Depreciation

Depreciation expense was consistent between the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. There were no significant purchases or disposals that occurred during the year.

Interest Expense, Net

The following table presents interest expense, net for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
20202019
($ in thousands)
Interest expense$18,343$13,474
Interest (income)(3,500)(9,219)
Interest Expense, Net$14,843$4,255

The increase in interest expense, net during the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to an increase in interest expense as a result of incremental debt outstanding following borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility to Affiliate in March 2020 and the issuance of the Series B Securitization Notes in October 2019 as well as a decrease of interest income due to lower interest-earning cash balances and generally lower returns earned on cash balances.

Distributable Earnings

The increase in DE for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to higher FRE, realized performance allocations, net, and realized investment income and other, net, partially offset by an increase in interest expense, net.

Income Taxes

The increase in income taxes for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to the year ended December 31, 2019 was primarily due to higher income generated by our consolidated foreign subsidiaries.

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Reconciliation to GAAP Measures

The following tables reconcile the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

Revenue

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in thousands)
GAAP Revenue$4,976,387$2,114,838$1,987,855
Capital-allocation income(3,998,483)(1,231,472)(955,977)
Deconsolidation of former affiliate(87,235)(239,775)
Expense reimbursements(132,810)(110,457)(151,645)
Investment income and other21,98430,35950,840
Fee-Related Revenue$867,078$716,033$691,298

Expenses

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in thousands)
GAAP Expenses$916,566$817,556$968,481
Depreciation and amortization expense(21,223)(7,137)(8,741)
Interest expense(16,291)(18,993)(15,532)
Expenses related to consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs(20,764)(7,963)(11,554)
Deconsolidation of former affiliate(96,324)(139,781)
Expense reimbursements(132,810)(110,457)(151,645)
Non-core expenses and other(36,951)37,901(19,164)
Fee-Related Expenses$688,527$614,583$622,064

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Net income

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in thousands)
Net Income$4,655,997$1,438,932$1,180,443
Net (income) loss attributable to redeemable interests in Public SPACs(155,131)195,9069,684
Net (income) loss attributable to non-controlling interests in consolidated TPG Funds(19,287)12,380(58,055)
Net loss attributable to other non-controlling interests(2,081,170)(548,504)(561,189)
Gain on deconsolidation(401,695)
Amortization expense14,195
Unrealized performance allocations, net(856,505)(267,432)(153,009)
Unrealized investment income(295,390)(20,009)(36,915)
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives(20,626)21,0561,530
Non-recurring items(2,220)10,83310,833
After-tax Distributable Earnings$1,239,863$441,467$393,322
Income taxes9,3089,3055,454
Distributable Earnings$1,249,171$450,772$398,776
Realized performance allocations, net(999,603)(313,490)(285,977)
Realized investment income and other, net(92,720)(57,231)(54,239)
Depreciation expense6,7756,5566,419
Interest expense, net14,92814,8434,255
Fee-Related Earnings$178,551$101,450$69,234

Balance sheet

The following tables reconcile the most directly comparable financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP to non-GAAP financial measures for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020:

($ in thousands)As of December 31, 2021
Total GAAP Assets$8,962,013
Impact of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs
Cash and cash equivalents(5,371)
Assets held in Trust Account(1,000,027)
Due from affiliates(74)
Other assets(18,993)
Subtotal for consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs(1,024,465)
Impact of other consolidated entities
Cash and cash equivalents(730,359)
Due from affiliates81,557
Investments(3,841,372)
Right-of-use assets(157,467)
Other assets, net(459,736)
Subtotal for other consolidated entities(5,107,377)

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As of December 31, 2021
Reclassification adjustments (1)
Due from affiliates(13,930)
Investments(2,267,673)
Accrued performance fees1,344,347
Other investments894,741
Other assets105,092
Subtotal for reclassification adjustments62,577
Total Book Assets$2,892,748
Total GAAP Liabilities1,700,572
Impact of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs
Accounts payable and accrued expenses(8,484)
Derivative liabilities of Public SPACs(13,048)
Deferred underwriting(35,000)
Subtotal for consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs(56,532)
Impact of other consolidated entities
Accounts payable and accrued expenses(131,737)
Due to affiliates(820,998)
Operating lease liability(177,003)
Other liabilities(61,052)
Subtotal for other consolidated entities(1,190,790)
Reclassification adjustments (1)
Accounts payable and accrued expenses522,653
Due to affiliates(6,002)
Other liabilities(190)
Subtotal for reclassification adjustments516,461
Total Book Liabilities$969,711
Total GAAP Redeemable equity from consolidated Public SPACs$1,000,027
Impact of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs (2)(1,000,027)
Total Book Redeemable equity from consolidated Public SPACs$
Total GAAP Equity$6,261,414
Impact of consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs32,093
Impact of other consolidated entities(6,068,125)
Reclassification adjustments (1)1,697,655
Net Book Value$1,923,037

(1)Certain amounts were reclassified to reflect how we utilize our Non-GAAP balance sheet measures. We separately analyze our investments on a Non-GAAP basis between accrued performance fees and other investments, which consists of co-investments into our funds and other equity method investments. Additionally, we reclassified GAAP financial statement amounts due from affiliates and certain amounts within other assets, net for Non-GAAP purposes and reclassified GAAP financial statement amounts due to affiliates and other liabilities within accounts payable, accrued expenses and other for Non-GAAP purposes.

(2)The $1,000.0 million redeemable equity represents ownership interest in each SPAC that is not owned by the TPG Operating Group and is presented separately form GAAP Partners’ Capital in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements.

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Operating Metrics

We monitor certain operating metrics that are common to the asset management industry and that we believe provide important data regarding our business. The following operating metrics do not include those of our former affiliate or other investments that will not be included in the TPG Operating Group.

Assets Under Management

AUM represents the sum of (i) fair value of the investments and financial instruments held by our TPG funds managed by us, plus the capital that we are entitled to call from investors in those funds and co-investors, pursuant to the terms of their respective capital commitments, net of outstanding leverage, including capital commitments to funds that have yet to commence their investment periods; (ii) the net asset value of our hedge funds and funds of hedge funds; (iii) the gross amount of assets (including leverage) for our mortgage REITs; and (iv) IPO proceeds held in trust, excluding interest, as well as forward purchase agreements and proceeds associated with the private investment in public equity related to our SPACs upon the consummation of a business combination. Our definition of AUM is not based on any definition of AUM that may be set forth in the agreements governing the investment funds that we manage or calculated pursuant to any regulatory definitions.

The tables below present rollforwards of our total AUM for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in millions)
Balance as of Beginning of Period$89,526$84,994$79,994
Capital Raised20,4567,0167,815
Realizations(25,389)(10,673)(12,103)
Changes in Investment Value (1)29,0258,1899,288
AUM as of end of period$113,618$89,526$84,994

___________

(1) Changes in investment value consists of changes in fair value, Capital Invested and Available Capital and other investment activities, including the change in net asset value of our hedge funds.

The following table summarizes our AUM by platform as of December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in millions)
Capital$55,337$49,761$50,852
Growth21,96016,38813,138
Impact13,5495,9415,150
Real Estate12,67810,38011,776
Market Solutions10,0947,0564,078
AUM as of end of period$113,618$89,526$84,994

AUM increased from approximately $89.5 billion as of December 31, 2020 to approximately $113.6 billion as of December 31, 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2021, new capital of $20.5 billion was raised primarily attributable to Rise Climate within the Impact platform, TTAD II and Growth V within the Growth platform, TAC+ within the Real Estate platform and AAF within the Capital platform. Realizations totaled $25.4 billion and were primarily attributable to the Capital platform, including TPG VI, TPG VII and TPG VIII and Growth III within the Growth platform. These were offset by portfolio realized and unrealized appreciation of 38% recognized for the year ended December 31, 2021.

AUM increased from approximately $85.0 billion as of December 31, 2019 to approximately $89.5 billion as of December 31, 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2020, new capital raised was $7.0 billion in the Growth platform

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for Growth V and the Market Solutions platform for TSCF, TPEP and TPG Pace and changes in investment value of $8.2 billion primarily attributable to TPG VII within the Capital platform and Growth III within the Growth platform. This was partially offset by realizations of $10.7 billion primarily driven by the Capital platform, including TPG VI and TPG VII, and the Growth platform, primarily Growth II and Growth III.

Fee Earning Assets Under Management

Fee earning AUM or “FAUM” represents only the AUM from which we are entitled to receive management fees. FAUM is the sum of all the individual fee bases that are used to calculate our management fees and differs from AUM in the following respects: (i) assets and commitments from which we are not entitled to receive a management fee are excluded (e.g., assets and commitments with respect to which we are entitled to receive only performance allocations or are otherwise not currently entitled to receive a management fee) and (ii) certain assets, primarily in our private equity funds, are reflected based on capital commitments and invested capital as opposed to fair value because fees are generally not impacted by changes in the fair value of underlying investments. We believe this measure is useful to investors as it provides additional insight into the capital base upon which we earn management fees. Our definition of FAUM is not based on any definition of AUM or FAUM that is set forth in the agreements governing the investment funds and products that we manage.

The table below present rollforwards of our FAUM for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in millions)
Balance as of Beginning of Period$50,655$49,899$36,376
Fee Earning Capital Raised(1)10,4434,39817,548
Net Change in Actively Invested Capital(2)(1,003)(2,213)(353)
Reduction in Fee Base of Certain Funds(3)(1)(1,429)(3,672)
FAUM as of end of period$60,094$50,655$49,899

___________

(1)Fee Earning Capital Raised represents capital raised by our funds for which management fees calculated based on commitments were activated during the period.

(2) Net Change in Actively Invested Capital includes capital invested during the period, net of return of capital distributions and changes in net asset value of hedge funds. It also includes adjustments related to funds with a fee structure based on the lower of cost or fair value.

(3)Reduction in Fee Base represents decreases in the fee basis for funds where the investment or commitment fee period has expired, and the fee base has reduced from commitment base to actively invested capital. It also includes reductions for funds that are no longer fee paying.

FAUM increased from $50.7 billion from December 31, 2020 to $60.1 billion as of December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily related to fee earning capital raised activity totaling $10.4 billion related to the Impact and Growth platforms. For the year ended December 31, 2021, annualized weighted average management fees as a percentage of FAUM, which represent annualized management fees divided by the average of each applicable period’s FAUM, were 1.30%.

FAUM was relatively unchanged between December 31, 2019 and 2020, and increased by $13.5 billion between December 31, 2018 and 2019. The increase in FAUM during 2019 primarily relates to the activation of TPG VIII and THP within the Capital platform. For the year ended December 31, 2020, annualized weighted average management fees were 1.23%.

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The following table summarizes our FAUM by platform as of December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

As of December 31,
202120202019
($ in millions)
Capital$26,208$27,381$28,986
Impact10,8014,4392,971
Growth10,5148,3978,044
Market Solutions6,3364,5343,695
Real Estate6,2355,9046,203
FAUM as of end of period$60,094$50,655$49,899

FAUM increased from approximately $50.7 billion as of December 31, 2020 to approximately $60.1 billion as of December 31, 2021. The increase was primarily attributable to the closings of Rise Climate within the Impact platform in 2021, the final closing of Growth V within the Growth platform during the third quarter of 2021, and the acquisition of NewQuest offset by net change in actively invested capital of TPG VII within the Capital platform.

FAUM remained relatively constant as of December 31, 2019 and 2020. The slight increase was primarily driven by the additional capital raises for Rise II, Growth V and TPEP. This was partially offset by a reduction in actively invested capital associated with TPG VII within the Capital platform.

Net Accrued Performance Allocations

Net accrued performance allocations represents both unrealized and undistributed performance allocations resulting from our general partner interests in our TPG funds. We believe this measure is useful to investors as it provides additional insight into the accrued performance allocations to which the TPG Operating Group Common Unit holders are expected to receive. This measure has been adjusted for Reorganization transfers as of December 31, 2021. Refer to the “Unaudited Pro Forma Non-GAAP Balance Sheet Financial Measures” for additional details.

The table below summarizes our net accrued performance allocations by fund vintage year and platform as of December 31, 2021 and 2020:

As of December 31
20212020
($ in millions)
Fund Vintage
2014 & Prior$59$625
2015386915
2016181
2017435156
20189562
201924544
20206814
202140
Net Accrued Performance Allocations$1,346$1,817

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As of December 31
20212020
($ in millions)
Platform
Capital$856$1,168
Growth289511
Impact8964
Market Solutions7422
Real Estate3852
Net Accrued Performance Allocations$1,346$1,817

Key TPG funds that drove the net accrued performance allocations included TPG VII, TPG VIII, Asia VI, Asia VII and Growth III as of December 31, 2021 and TPG VI, TPG VII, Asia VI and Growth III as of December 31, 2020.

We also utilize Performance Allocation Generating AUM and Performance Allocation Eligible AUM as key metrics to understand AUM that could produce performance allocations. Performance Allocation Generating AUM refers to the AUM of funds we manage that are currently above their respective hurdle rate or preferred return, and profit of such funds are being allocated to, or earned by, us in accordance with the applicable limited partnership agreements or other governing agreements. Performance Allocation Eligible AUM refers to the AUM that is currently, or may eventually, produce performance allocations. All funds for which we are entitled to receive a performance allocation or incentive fee are included in Performance Allocations Eligible AUM.

Performance Allocation Generating AUM totaled $78.0 billion and $49.1 billion as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively. Across our TPG funds, Performance Allocation Eligible AUM totaled $102.1 billion and $81.6 billion as of December 31, 2021 and December 31, 2020, respectively.

AUM Subject to Fee Earning Growth

AUM Subject to Fee Earning Growth represents capital commitments that when deployed have the ability to grow our fees through earning new management fees (AUM Not Yet Earning Fees) or when capital is invested and management fees can be charged at a higher rate (FAUM Subject to Step-Up).

AUM Not Yet Earning Fees represents the amount of capital commitments to TPG investment funds and co-investment vehicles that has not yet been invested or considered active, and as this capital is invested or activated, the fee-paying portion will be included in FAUM. FAUM Subject to Step-Up represents capital raised within certain funds where the management fee rate increases once capital is invested. Subject to certain limitations, limited partners in these funds pay a lower fee on committed and undrawn capital. As capital is drawn down for investments, the fees paid on that capital increases. FAUM Subject to Step-Up is included within FAUM.

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The table below reflects AUM Subject to Fee Earning Growth by platform as of December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

As of December 31,
202120202019
($ in millions)
AUM Not Yet Earning Fees:
Growth$3,279$1,518$1,943
Real Estate1,201255331
Market Solutions1,0561,108
Capital1,0541,4361,823
Impact2583001,929
Total AUM Not Yet Earning Fees$6,848$4,617$6,026
FAUM Subject to Step-Up:
Capital$1,865$3,388$4,327
Real Estate6782,2302,904
Total FAUM Subject to Step-Up:2,5435,6187,231
Total AUM Subject to Fee Earning Growth$9,391$10,235$13,257

As of December 31, 2021, AUM Not Yet Earning Fees was $6.8 billion, which primarily consisted of TPG VII within the Capital platform, TTAD II within the Growth platform, TACP within the Real Estate platform and TSCF within the Market Solutions platform.

As of December 31, 2020, AUM Not Yet Earning Fees was $4.6 billion, which primarily consisted of TPG VII within the Capital platform and TSCF within the Market Solutions platform. As of December 31, 2019, AUM Not Yet Earning Fees was $6.0 billion, which primarily consisted of Rise II within the Impact platform. Rise II was activated in the year ended December 31, 2020.

Associated with FAUM Subject to Step-Up, management fee rates on undrawn commitments for these respective underlying TPG funds range between 0.50% and 1.00% and step-up to rates in the range of 1.25% and 1.75% after capital is invested. FAUM Subject to Step-Up as of December 31, 2021, as well as December 31, 2020 and 2019 relates to TPG VIII and THP within the Capital platform and TREP III within the Real Estate platform.

Capital Raised

Capital raised is the aggregate amount of capital commitments raised by TPG’s investment funds and co-investment vehicles during a given period, as well as IPO and forward purchase agreements associated with our Public SPACs and private investment in public equity upon the consummation of a business combination associated with one of our Public SPACs. We believe this measure is useful to investors as it measures access to capital across TPG and our ability to grow our management fee base. The table below presents capital raised by platform for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in millions)
Impact$7,172$423$1,760
Growth4,8931,882514
Capital4,1741,5463,525
Market Solutions2,2473,1361,756
Real Estate1,97029260
Total Capital Raised$20,456$7,016$7,815

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Capital raised totaled approximately $20.5 billion for the year ended December 31, 2021. This was attributable to the first closing of Rise Climate within the Impact platform, TTAD II and Growth V within the Growth platform, AAF within the Capital platform and TAC+ within the Real Estate platform during the year ended December 31, 2021.

Capital raised activity decreased from approximately $7.8 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019 to approximately $7.0 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020. Capital raised during 2020 was attributable to the closings TPG VIII and THP within the Capital platform, Rise II within the Impact platform and TPG Pace within the Market Solutions platform.

Available Capital

Available capital is the aggregate amount of unfunded capital commitments that partners have committed to our funds and co-invest vehicles to fund future investments, as well as IPO and forward purchase agreement proceeds associated with our Public SPACs, and private investment in public equity commitments by investors upon the consummation of a business combination associated with our Public SPACs. Available capital is reduced for investments completed using fund-level financing arrangements; however, it is not reduced for investments that we have committed to make yet remain unfunded at the reporting date. We believe this measure is useful to investors as it provides additional insight into the amount of capital that is available to our investment funds and co-investment vehicles to make future investments. The table below presents available capital by platform as of as of December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

As of December 31,
202120202019
($ in millions)
Capital$10,696$15,549$18,515
Impact7,9512,4413,140
Growth4,9432,9953,175
Market Solutions2,5522,158
Real Estate2,2782,5383,285
Available Capital$28,420$25,681$28,115

Available capital increased from approximately $25.7 billion as of December 31, 2020 to approximately $28.4 billion as of December 31, 2021. The increase was attributable to capital raised in Rise Climate within the Impact platform and TTAD II in the Growth platform and TAC + within the Real Estate platform, offset by a decrease in TPG VIII within the Capital platform.

Available capital decreased from approximately $28.1 billion as of December 31, 2019 to approximately $25.7 billion as of December 31, 2020. The decline was primarily attributable to TPG VIII, THP and Asia VII within the Capital platform, Growth IV within the Growth platform and TREP III within the Real Estate platform as a result of new investments. The decrease was partially offset by new capital raised in Growth V within the Growth platform and TSCF within the Market Solutions platform.

Capital invested is the aggregate amount of capital invested during a given period by TPG’s investment funds, co-investment vehicles and SPACs in conjunction with the completion of a business combination. It excludes hedge fund activity. We believe this measure is useful to investors as it measures capital deployment across TPG. Capital invested includes investments made using investment financing arrangements like credit facilities, as applicable. The table below presents capital invested by platform for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

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Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in millions)
Capital$10,624$5,896$3,977
Real Estate4,5371,4933,585
Growth3,3331,9562,390
Impact1,711556543
Market Solutions1,434228
Capital Invested$21,639$9,901$10,723

Capital invested increased to $21.6 billion for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $9.9 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020, which was primarily attributable to TPG VIII and AAF within the Capital platform, TRTX within the Real Estate platform, Growth V within the Growth platform, Rise II within the Impact platform, and TPG Pace within the Market Solutions platform.

Capital invested decreased for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to December 31, 2019, which was primarily attributable to a lower level of capital deployed within the Real Estate platform, as well as Growth II Gator within the Growth platform. The decrease was partially offset by increased capital deployment within the Capital platform, specifically TPG VIII.

Realizations

Realizations represent the aggregate investment proceeds generated by our TPG investment funds and co-investment vehicles and Public SPACs in conjunction with the completion of a business combination. We believe this measure is useful to investors as it drives investment gains and performance allocations. The table below presents realizations by platform for the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019:

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in millions)
Capital$15,773$6,967$6,985
Growth4,4231,7982,418
Real Estate3,0221,8302,444
Impact1,1317828
Market Solutions1,040228
Total Realizations$25,389$10,673$12,103

Realizations increased to $25.4 billion for the year ended December 31, 2021 compared to $10.7 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020. This was primarily attributable to a higher pace of realization activities in TPG VI, TPG VII and TPG VII Co-Invest within the Capital platform and Growth III and VI within the Growth platform.

Realizations decreased to $10.7 billion for the year ended December 31, 2020 compared to $12.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2019. This was primarily attributable to reduced realization activities in TRTX within the Real Estate platform, Growth II within the Growth platform and no business combinations associated with our consolidated Public SPACs in the Market Solutions platform in 2020.

Fund Performance Metrics

Fund performance information for our investment funds as of December 31, 2020 is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. These fund performance metrics do not include co-investment vehicles. The fund return information for individual funds reflected in this discussion and analysis is not necessarily indicative of our firmwide performance and is also not necessarily indicative of the future performance of any particular fund. An investment in us is not an investment in any of our funds. This track record presentation is unaudited and does not purport to represent the respective fund’s financial results in accordance with

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GAAP. There can be no assurance that any of our funds or our other existing and future funds will achieve similar returns. See “Item 1A—Risk Factors—Risks Related to Our Business—The historical returns attributable to our funds should not be considered as indicative of the future results of us or our funds or any returns expected on an investment in our Class A common stock.”

The following tables reflect the performance of our funds as of December 31, 2021 and supersede the preliminary estimated financial information presented in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on February 18, 2022:

FundVintage Year (1)Capital Committed (2)Capital Invested (3)Realized Value (4)Unrealized Value (5)Total Value (6)Gross IRR (7)Gross MoM (7)Net IRR (8)Investor Net MoM (9)
($ in millions)
Platform: Capital
Capital Funds
Air Partners1993$64$64$697$$69781%10.9x73%8.9x
TPG I19947216963,0953,09547%4.4x36%3.5x
TPG II19972,5002,5545,0105,01013%2.0x10%1.7x
TPG III19994,4973,71812,36012,36034%3.3x26%2.6x
TPG IV20035,8006,15713,728613,73420%2.2x15%1.9x
TPG V200615,37215,56422,0601722,0776%1.4x5%1.4x
TPG VI200818,87319,22032,6131,14433,75714%1.8x10%1.5x
TPG VII201510,49510,00013,7858,85322,63828%2.2x21%1.9x
TPG VIII201911,5057,9491,6599,84711,50686%1.6x50%1.4x
Capital Funds69,82765,922105,00719,867124,87423%1.9x15%1.7x
Asia Funds
Asia I199496787171(3)%0.9x(10)%0.7x
Asia II19983927641,6691,66917%2.2x14%1.9x
Asia III20007246233,3163,31646%5.3x31%3.8x
Asia IV20051,5611,6034,0894,08923%2.6x17%2.1x
Asia V20073,8413,2574,9776425,61910%1.7x6%1.4x
Asia VI20123,2703,1362,2634,9367,19920%2.3x15%1.9x
Asia VII20174,6304,0661,0456,2517,29639%1.9x26%1.6x
Asia Funds14,51413,52717,43011,82929,25921%2.2x15%1.8x
THP20192,7041,5402622,2402,50290%1.9x52%1.5x
Continuation Vehicles
TPG AAF20211,3171,167241,3701,394NMNMNMNM
TPG AION2021207207207207NMNMNMNM
Continuation Vehicles1,5241,374241,5771,601NMNMNMNM
Platform: Capital (excl-Legacy) (15)88,56982,363122,72335,513158,23623%2.0x15%1.7x
Legacy Funds
TES I20163032067023030022%1.4x13%1.3x
Platform: Capital88,87282,569122,79335,743158,53623%2.0x15%1.7x
Platform: Growth
Growth Funds
STAR20071,2641,2591,851721,92313%1.5x6%1.3x
Growth II20112,0412,1844,6516175,26822%2.5x16%2.0x
Growth III20153,1283,0854,1782,7156,89332%2.2x23%1.8x
Growth IV20173,7393,1561,0884,7625,85033%1.8x22%1.5x
Gator20197266855816131,19447%1.7x35%1.5x
Growth V20203,5581,9072,4752,475NMNMNMNM
Growth Funds14,45612,27612,34911,25423,60322%2.0x15%1.7x

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FundVintage Year (1)Capital Committed (2)Capital Invested (3)Realized Value (4)Unrealized Value (5)Total Value (6)Gross IRR (7)Gross MoM (7)Net IRR (8)Investor Net MoM (9)
($ in millions)
TDM201751040681581530%2.0x24%1.8x
TTAD I20181,5741,4972592,4312,69060%1.9x49%1.7x
TTAD II20212,501518518518NMNMNMNM
Platform: Growth (excl-Legacy) (15)19,04114,69712,60815,01827,62623%2.0x16%1.7x
Legacy Funds
Biotech III20085104689345771,51118%3.2x13%2.5x
Biotech IV20121069912151268%1.3x3%1.1x
Biotech V201688781969885%1.1x1%1.0x
ART2013258239272602874%1.2x%1.0x
Platform: Growth20,00315,58113,70915,92929,63822%2.0x16%1.7x
Platform: Impact
The Rise Funds
Rise I20172,1061,7758462,7993,64532%2.1x22%1.7x
Rise II20202,1761,284121,7371,749164%1.6x82%1.3x
The Rise Funds4,2823,0598584,5365,39437%1.9x25%1.6x
TSI201833313336836835%2.8x25%2.1x
Evercare2019621407753554214%1.3x7%1.1x
Rise Climate20216,731137139139NMNMNMNM
Platform: Impact11,9673,7361,2335,2106,44334%1.9x23%1.5x
Platform: Real Estate
TPG Real Estate Partners
DASA RE20121,0785761,068111,07921%1.9x16%1.6x
TPG RE II20142,0652,1862,9706953,66531%1.8x21%1.6x
TPG RE III20183,7223,6011,0783,5374,61541%1.4x30%1.3x
TPG Real Estate Partners6,8656,3635,1164,2439,35927%1.6x20%1.4x
TRTX20141,91614NMNMNMNMNMNMNMNM
TAC+20211,54059524571595NMNMNMNM
Platform: Real Estate10,3216,9585,1404,8149,95427%1.6x20%1.4x
Platform: Market Solutions
TPEP Long/ShortNMNMNMNM3,030NMNM (13)NMNM (13)NM
TPEP Long OnlyNMNMNMNM2,102NMNM (13)NMNM (13)NM
TSCF20211,108100109109NMNMNMNM
NewQuest I201123429176776748%3.2x37%2.3x
NewQuest II201331033754422877227%2.3x21%1.9x
NewQuest III201654149826766493123%1.8x15%1.5x
NewQuest IV20201,0006115846851112%1.5x56%1.3x
Platform: Market Solutions (12)3,1931,8371,5836,9793,43040%2.0x28%1.6x
Discontinued Funds (16)5,8704,1035,3025,3027%1.3x3%1.1x
Total (excl-Legacy (15) and Discontinued Funds (16))133,091109,591143,28767,534205,68923%2.0x15%1.7x
Total$140,226$114,784$149,760$68,675$213,30322%1.9x14%1.6x

___________

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Note: Past performance is not indicative of future results.

(1)Vintage Year, with respect to an investment or group of investments, as applicable, represents the year such investment, or the first investment in such a group, was initially consummated by the fund. For follow-on investments, Vintage Year represents the year that the fund’s first investment in the relevant company was initially consummated. Vintage Year, with respect to a fund, represents the year in which the fund consummated its first investment (or, if earlier, received its first capital contributions from investors). We recently adopted this standard for fund Vintage Year to better align with current market and investor benchmarking practices. For consistency with prior reporting, however, the Vintage Year classification of any fund that held its initial closing before 2018 remains unchanged and represents the year of such fund’s initial closing.

(2)Capital Committed represents the amount of inception to date commitments a particular fund has received.

(3)Capital Invested, with respect to an investment or group of investments, as applicable, represents cash outlays by the fund for such investment or investments (whether funded through investor capital contributions or borrowing under the fund’s credit facility), including capitalized expenses and unrealized bridge loans allocated to such investment or investments. Capital Invested may be reduced after the date of initial investment as a result of sell-downs. This does not include proceeds eligible for recycling under fund limited partnership agreements. Capital Invested does not include interest expense on borrowing under the fund’s credit facility.

(4)Realized Value, with respect to an investment or group of investments, as applicable, represents total cash received or earned by the fund in respect of such investment or investments through the quarter end, including all interest, dividends and other proceeds. Receipts are recognized when cash proceeds are received or earned. Proceeds from an investment that is subject to pending disposition are not included in Realized Value and remain in Unrealized Value until the disposition has been completed and cash has been received. Similarly, any proceeds from an investment that is pending liquidation, or a similar event are not included in Realized Value until the liquidation or similar event has been completed. In addition, monitoring, transaction and other fees are not included in Realized Value but are applied to offset management fees to the extent provided in the fund’s partnership agreement.

(5)Unrealized Value, with respect to an investment in a publicly traded security, is based on the closing market price of the security as of the quarter end on the principal exchange on which the security trades, as adjusted by the general partner for any restrictions on disposition. Unrealized Value, with respect to an investment that is not a publicly traded security, represents the general partner’s estimate of the unrealized fair value of the fund’s investment, assuming a reasonable period of time for liquidation of the investment, and taking into consideration the financial condition and operating results of the portfolio company, the nature of the investment, applicable restrictions on marketability, market conditions, foreign currency exposures and other factors the general partner may deem appropriate. Where applicable, such estimate has been adjusted from cost to reflect (i) company performance relative to internal performance markers and the performance of comparable companies; (ii) market performance of comparable companies; and (iii) recent, pending or proposed transactions involving us, such as recapitalizations, initial public offerings or mergers and acquisitions. Given the nature of private investments, valuations necessarily entail a degree of uncertainty and/or subjectivity. There can be no assurance that expected transactions will actually occur or that performance markers will be achieved, and therefore actual value may differ from such estimated value and these differences may be material and adverse. Except as otherwise noted, valuations are as of the quarter end.

(6)Total Value, with respect to an investment or group of investments, as applicable, is the sum of Realized Value and Unrealized Value of such investment or investments.

(7)Gross IRR and Gross MoM are calculated by adjusting Net IRR and Investor Net MoM to generally approximate investor performance metrics excluding management fees, fund expenses (other than interest expense and other fees arising from amounts borrowed under the fund’s credit facility to fund investments) and performance allocations. With respect to interest expense and other fees arising from amounts borrowed under the fund’s credit facility to fund investments, we have assumed that investor capital contributions were made in respect thereof as of the midpoint of each relevant quarter in which such amounts were incurred. We have further assumed that distributions to investors occurred in the middle of the month in which the related proceeds were received by the fund. Like the Net IRR, Gross IRR and Gross MoM (i) do not reflect the effect of taxes borne, or to be borne, by investors and (ii) excludes amounts attributable to the fund’s general partner, its affiliated entities and “friends of the firm” entities that generally pay no or reduced management fees and performance allocations. Such Gross IRR and Gross MoM represent an average of returns for all included investors and does not necessarily reflect the actual return of any particular investor. Gross IRR and Gross MoM are an approximation calculated by adjusting historical data using estimates and assumptions that we believe are appropriate for the relevant fund, but that inherently involve significant judgment. For funds that engaged in de minimis or no fund-level borrowing, Gross IRR is the discount rate at which (i) the present value of all Capital Invested in an investment or investments is equal to (ii) the present value of all realized and unrealized returns from such investment or investments. In this scenario, Gross IRR, with respect to an investment or investments, has been calculated based on the time that capital was invested by the fund in such investment or investments and that distributions were received by the fund in respect of such investment or investments, regardless of when capital was contributed to or distributed from the fund. Gross IRR does not reflect the effect of management fees, fund expenses, performance allocations or taxes borne, or to be borne, borne, by investors in the fund and would be lower if it did. For funds that engaged in de minimis or no fund-level borrowing, Gross MoM represents the multiple-of-money on capital invested by the fund for an investment or investments and is calculated as Total Value divided by Capital Invested (i.e., cash outlays by the fund for such investment or investments, whether funded through investor capital contributions or borrowing under the fund’s credit facility). Gross MoM is calculated on a gross basis and does not reflect the effect of management fees, fund expenses, performance allocations or taxes borne, or to be borne, by investors in the fund, and would be lower if it did.

(8)Net IRR represents the compound annualized return rate (i.e., the implied discount rate) of a fund, which is calculated using investor cash flows in the fund, including cash received from capital called from investors, cash distributed to investors and the investors’ ending capital balances as of the quarter end. Net IRR is the discount rate at which (i) the present value of all capital contributed by investors to the fund (which excludes, for the avoidance of doubt, any amounts borrowed by the fund in lieu of calling capital) is equal to (ii) the present value of all cash distributed to investors and the investors’ ending capital balances. Net IRR reflects the impact of management fees, fund expenses (including interest expense arising from amounts borrowed under the fund’s credit facility) and performance allocations, but does not reflect the effect of taxes borne, or to be borne, by investors. The Net IRR calculation assumes that investor contributions and distributions occurred in the middle of the month in which they were made. The Net IRR calculation excludes amounts attributable to the general partner, its affiliated entities and “friends of the firm” entities that generally pay no or reduced management fees and performance allocations. Net IRR represents an average return for all included investors and does not necessarily reflect the actual return of any particular investor. Net IRR for a platform does not include the cash flows for funds that are not currently presenting a Net IRR to their investors.

(9)Investor Net MoM, with respect to a fund, represents the multiple-of-money on contributions to the fund by investors. Investor Net MoM is calculated as the sum of cash distributed to investors and the investors’ ending capital balances as of the quarter end, divided by the amount of capital contributed to the fund by investors (which amount excludes, for the avoidance of doubt, any amounts borrowed by the fund in lieu of calling capital). Investor Net MoM reflects the impact of management fees, fund expenses (including interest expense arising from amounts

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borrowed under the fund’s credit facility) and performance allocations, but does not reflect the effect of taxes borne, or to be borne, by investors. The Investor Net MoM calculation excludes amounts attributable to the fund’s general partner, its affiliated entities and “friends of the firm” entities that generally pay no or reduced management fees and performance allocations. Investor Net MoM represents an average multiple-of-money for all included investors and does not necessarily reflect the actual return of any particular investor.

(10)“NM” signifies that the relevant data would not be meaningful. Gross IRR and Gross MoM generally deemed “NM” during its initial period of operation, but in no event for more than two years after the date of the fund’s first investment; in this period, we believe that these metrics do not accurately represent a fund’s overall performance given the impact of organizational costs and other fees and expenses that are typically incurred early in the life of a fund. NM can also be used when the presented metric is not applicable to the product being shown. Net IRR and Investor Net MoM for a fund are generally deemed “NM” during its initial period of operation, but in no event for more than two years after the date of the fund’s first investment; in this period, TPG believes that these metrics do not accurately represent a fund’s overall performance given the impact of organizational costs and other fees and expenses that are typically incurred early in the life of a fund.

(11)Amounts shown are in US dollars. When an investment is made in another currency, (i) Capital Invested is calculated using the exchange rate at the time of the investment, (ii) Unrealized Value is calculated using the exchange rate at the quarter end and (iii) Realized Value reflects actual US dollar proceeds to the fund. A fund may enter into foreign currency hedges in connection with an investment made in a currency other than US dollars. Capital Invested with respect to such investment includes the cost of establishing foreign currency hedges. For hedges entered into to facilitate payment of the purchase price for an investment, gains or losses on such hedges are applied, respectively, to reduce or increase Capital Invested with respect to such investment. Thereafter during the life of such investment, (i) Capital Invested includes any inception-to-date net realized losses on such hedges, (ii) Unrealized Value includes the unrealized fair value of such hedges as estimated by the general partner and (iii) Realized Value includes any inception-to-date net realized gain on such hedges. For hedges entered into in anticipation of receipt of exit proceeds, (i) losses on such hedges are first applied to offset exit proceeds, with any remaining losses applied to increase Capital Invested and (ii) gains on such hedges are first applied to reverse any inception-to-date net realized losses that were previously included in Capital Invested, with any remaining gains applied to increase Realized Value. Where a foreign currency hedge is implemented as part of the investment structure below the fund, such hedge is similarly reflected in Capital Invested and Realized Value to the extent that there are corresponding cash outflows from and inflows to the fund in respect of such hedge, and otherwise is included in Unrealized Value.

(12)Our special purpose acquisition companies (“SPACs”) which include Pace Holdings Corp., TPG Pace Holdings Corp., TPG Pace Tech Opportunities Corp., TPG Pace Beneficial Finance Corp., TPG Pace Energy Holdings Corp., TPG Pace Solutions Corp., TPG Pace Beneficial II Corp. and AfterNext HealthTech Acquisition Corp. within the Market Solutions platform are not reflected. Gross IRR, Gross MoM and Net IRR are not meaningful for SPAC products as they are designed to identify an investment and merge to become a public company.

(13)As of December 31, 2021, TPEP Long/Short had estimated inception-to-date gross returns of 147% and net returns of 108%. These performance estimates represent the composite performance of TPG Public Equity Partners, LP and TPG Public Equity Partners Master Fund, L.P., adjusted as described below. The performance estimates are based on an investment in TPG Public Equity Partners, LP made on September 1, 2013, the date of TPEP’s inception, with the performance estimates for the period from January 1, 2016 to present being based on an investment in TPG Public Equity Partners Master Fund, L.P. made through TPG Public Equity Partners-A, L.P., the “onshore feeder.” Gross performance figures (i) are presented after any investment-related expenses, net interest, other expenses and the reinvestment of dividends; (ii) include any gains or losses from “new issue” securities; and (iii) are adjusted for illustration purposes to reflect the reduction of a hypothetical 1.5% annual management fee. Net performance assumes a 20% performance allocation. Performance results for a particular investor may vary from the performance stated as a result of, among other things, the timing of its investment(s) in TPEP, different performance allocation terms, different management fees, the feeder through which the investor invests and the investor’s eligibility to participate in gains and losses from “new issue” securities. Unrealized Value represents net asset value before redemptions.

As of December 31, 2021, TPEP Long Only had estimated inception-to-date gross returns of 34% and net returns of 34%. These performance estimates represent performance for TPEP Long Only and are based on an investment in TPEP Long Only made on May 1, 2019, the date of TPEP Long Only’s inception, through TPG Public Equity Partners Long Opportunities-A, L.P., the “onshore feeder.” Gross performance figures are presented after any investment-related expenses, a 1% annual management fee, net interest, other expenses and the reinvestment of dividends, and include any gains or losses from “new issue” securities. Net performance assumes a 20% performance allocation, with the performance allocation only received upon outperforming the relevant benchmark. Performance results for a particular investor may vary from the performance stated as a result of, among other things, the timing of its investment(s) in TPEP Long Only, different performance allocation terms, different management fees, the feeder through which the investor invests and the investor’s eligibility to participate in gains and losses from “new issue” securities. Unrealized Value represents net asset value before redemptions.

(14)Capital Committed for TRTX includes $1,201 million of private capital raised prior to TRTX’s initial public offering and $716 million issued during and subsequent to TRTX’s initial public offering.

(15)Legacy funds represent funds whose strategies are not expected to have successor funds but that have not yet been substantially wound down.

(16)Discontinued funds represent legacy funds that have substantially been wound down or are fully liquidated. The following TPG funds are considered discontinued: Latin America, Aqua I, Aqua II, Ventures, Biotech I, Biotech II, TPG TFP, TAC 2007 and DASA PE.

(17)Total TPG track record amounts do not include results from RMB - Shanghai and RMB - Chongqing or China Ventures, a joint venture partnership.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our liquidity needs primarily include working capital and debt service requirements. We believe that our current sources of liquidity, which include cash generated by our operating activities, cash and funds available under our credit agreement, along with the proceeds from the IPO, are sufficient to meet our projected operating and debt service requirements for at least the next 12 months. To the extent that our current liquidity is insufficient to fund future activities, we may need to raise additional funds. In the future, we may attempt to raise additional capital through the sale of equity securities or through debt financing arrangements. If we raise additional funds by issuing equity securities, the ownership of our existing investors will be diluted. The incurrence of additional debt financing would result in incremental debt service obligations, and any future instruments governing such debt could include operating and financial covenants that could restrict our operations.

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The following table presents a summary of our cash flows for the periods presented:

Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
($ in thousands)
Net cash provided by operating activities$1,474,820$95,393$828,118
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities(37,745)(108,096)17,404
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities(1,322,566)250,329(825,386)
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents$114,509$237,626$20,136
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period871,355633,729613,593
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period$985,864$871,355$633,729

As of December 31, 2021, TPG’s total liquidity was $1,302.7 million, comprised of $972.7 million of cash and cash equivalents, excluding $13.1 million of restricted cash, as well as $300.0 million and $30.0 million of incremental borrowing capacity under the Revolving Credit Facility to Affiliate and the Subordinated Credit Facility, respectively. Total cash of $985.9 million as of December 31, 2021 is comprised of $242.4 million of cash that is attributable to the TPG Holdings Companies and on balance sheet securitization vehicles. Total liquidity increased by $164.5 million or 24% relative to $1,138.2 million as of December 31, 2020. This increase was the result of $114.5 million net increase in cash and cash equivalents primarily due to $1,474.8 million of net cash provided by operating activities offset by $1,322.6 million of net cash used in financing activities and $37.7 million of net cash used in investing activities.

Our operating activities primarily consist of investment management activities. The primary sources of cash within the operating activities section include: (i) management fees, (ii) monitoring, transaction and other fees, (iii) realized capital allocation-based income and (iv) investment sales from our consolidated funds. The primary uses of cash within the operating activities section include: (i) compensation and non-compensation related expenses and (ii) investment purchases from our consolidated funds. Additionally, operating activities also reflect the activity of our consolidated TPG Funds and Public SPACs, which primarily include proceeds from sales of investments offset by cash outflows for purchases of investments and deposits of SPAC IPO proceeds into trust accounts.

Operating activities provided $1,474.8 million and $95.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. Key drivers consisted of performance allocation and co-investment proceeds totaling $2,179.1 million and $754.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. This was partially offset by purchases of investments totaling $173.9 million and $84.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively.

Operating activities provided $95.4 million and $828.1 million of cash for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. Key drivers consisted of performance allocation and co-investment proceeds totaling $754.9 million and $530.2 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, as well as fee revenues. This was partially offset by purchases of investments totaling $84.1 million and $77.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively.

Investing Activities

Our investing activities primarily consist of lending to affiliates and capital expenditures. The primary sources of cash within the investing activities section include cash received from a note receivable from affiliates. The primary uses of cash within the investing activities section includes capital expenditures and purchases of collateralized loan obligations.

Investing activities used $37.7 million and $108.1 million of cash during the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2021, cash used by investing activities is primarily related to transfers related to the Reorganization, offset by repayments of notes receivable from our affiliates and cash acquired, net of cash consideration, related to the acquisition of NewQuest. During the year ended December 31, 2020, cash used in investing activities primarily reflects the reduction of cash related to the effect of deconsolidation of our former affiliate.

Investing activities used $108.1 million of cash during the year ended December 31, 2020 and provided $17.4 million cash during the year ended December 31, 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2020, cash used in investing activities primarily reflects the reduction of cash related to the effect of deconsolidation of our former affiliate. During the

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year ended December 31, 2019, cash provided by investing activities primarily reflects the net cash amounts received from a note receivable from affiliates.

Financing Activities

Our financing activities reflect our capital markets transactions and transactions with owners. The primary sources of cash within the financing activities section includes proceeds from debt and notes issuances. The primary uses of cash within the financing activities section include distributions to partners and non-controlling interests and repayments of debt and notes. Net cash provided by financing activities also reflects the financing activity of our consolidated funds, which primarily include cash inflows and outflows from consolidated funds related to their capital activity.

Financing activities used $1,322.6 million of cash during the years ended December 31, 2021 and provided $250.3 million of cash during the years ended December 31, 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2021, cash used in financing activities primarily reflects the net impact of distributions to partners and non-controlling interests, the repayment of amounts borrowed under the Revolving Credit Facility to Affiliate, and payments of underwriting and offering costs, which is partially offset by the net impact of redeemable equity raised in our consolidated Public SPACs and proceeds received under the Senior Unsecured Term Loan. During the year ended December 31, 2020, cash provided by financing activities primarily reflects the net impact of redeemable equity raised in our consolidated Public SPACs, partially offset by the distributions to partners and non-controlling interests.

Financing activities provided $250.3 million of cash during the year ended December 31, 2020 and used cash of $825.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2020, cash provided by financing activities primarily reflects the net impact of redeemable equity raised in our consolidated Public SPACs, partially offset by the distributions to partners and non-controlling interests. During the years ended December 31, 2019, cash used in financing activities primarily reflects the net impact of distributions to partners and non-controlling interests, partially offset by the proceeds from the Series A and B Securitization Notes issuances.

Credit Facilities

Subordinated Credit Facility

In August 2014, one of our consolidated subsidiaries entered into two $15.0 million subordinated revolving credit facilities (collectively, the “Subordinated Credit Facility”), for a total commitment of $30.0 million. The Subordinated Credit Facility is available for direct borrowings and is guaranteed by certain members of TPG Operating Group. In July 2021, the subsidiary extended the maturity date of the Subordinated Credit Facility from August 2022 to August 2023. The interest rate for borrowings under the Subordinated Credit Facility is calculated at the LIBOR rate at the time of borrowing plus 2.25%.

During the year ended December 31, 2021, the subsidiary neither borrowed nor made repayments on the Subordinated Credit Facility. During the year ended December 31, 2020, the subsidiary borrowed $55.0 million and made repayments of $55.0 million on the Subordinated Credit Facility, leaving a zero balance as of December 31, 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the subsidiary borrowed $3.0 million and made repayments of $3.0 million on the Subordinated Credit Facility, with no outstanding borrowings as of December 31, 2019.

During each of the years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019, the subsidiary incurred interest expense and uncommitted line of credit fees on the Subordinated Credit Facility of $0.2 million, $0.2 million and $0.1 million, respectively.

Secured Borrowings

Our secured borrowings are issued using on-balance sheet securitization vehicles. The secured borrowings are required to be repaid only from collections on the underlying securitized equity method investments and restricted cash of the securitization vehicles. The secured borrowings are separated into two tranches. Tranche A secured borrowings (the “Series A Securitization Notes”) were issued in May 2018 at a fixed rate of 5.33% with an aggregate principal balance of $200.0 million due June 21, 2038, with interest payable semiannually. Tranche B secured borrowings (the “Series B Securitization Notes” or, collectively with the Series A Securitization Notes, the “Securitization Notes”) were issued in October 2019 at a fixed rate of 4.75% with an aggregate principal balance of $50.0 million due June 21, 2038, with interest payable semiannually. The secured borrowings contain an optional redemption feature giving us the right to call the notes

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in full or in part, subject to a prepayment penalty if called before May 2023. If the secured borrowings are not redeemed on or prior to June 20, 2028, we will pay additional interest equal to 4.00% per annum. Interest expense related to the Securitization Notes for years ended December 31, 2021, 2020 and 2019 was approximately $13.3 million, $13.1 million and $11.9 million, respectively.

The secured borrowings contain covenants and conditions customary in transactions of this nature, including negative pledge provisions, default provisions and financial covenants and limitations on certain consolidations, mergers and sales of assets. As of December 31, 2021, we were in compliance with these covenants and conditions.

Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility

In March 2011, TPG Holdings, L.P. entered into a $400.0 million credit facility (the “Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility”). In May 2018, TPG Holdings, L.P. entered into an amended and restated Revolving Credit Facility Agreement under which certain terms were modified, including reduced commitments of $300.0 million, an extension of the maturity to May 2023 and the redefinition of certain components of financial covenants. In November 2020, TPG Holdings, L.P. entered into an amended and restated Revolving Credit Facility Agreement under which certain terms were modified, including releasing all collateral pledged under the prior Revolving Credit Facility Agreement and extending the maturity to November 2025. In November 2021, TPG Holdings, L.P. entered into an amended and restated Revolving Credit Facility Agreement under which certain terms were modified, including that TPG Holdings, L.P. may elect to have (i) TPG Operating Group II, L.P. (f/k/a TPG Holdings II, L.P.) assume its obligations as borrower under the Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility (and thereby release TPG Holdings, L.P. from its obligations as borrower thereunder) and (ii) correspondingly release TPG Operating Group II, L.P., TPG Holdings I-A, LLC, TPG Holdings II-A, LLC and TPG Holdings III-A, L.P from their guarantees of the Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility. TPG Holdings, L.P. made such election in conjunction with the Reorganization, upon which TPG Operating Group II, L.P. assumed its obligations as borrower under the Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility (and TPG Holdings, L.P. was thereby released from its obligations as borrower thereunder) and correspondingly, TPG Operating Group II, L.P., TPG Holdings I-A, LLC, TPG Holdings II-A, LLC and TPG Holdings III-A, L.P were released from their guarantees of the Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility.

The interest rate for borrowings on the Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility is calculated at the LIBOR rate at the time of the borrowing plus an applicable margin not to exceed 1.75% (subject to credit rating based stepdowns).

During the year ended December 31, 2021, TPG Holdings, L.P. made no borrowings and made repayments of $50.0 million on the Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, leaving a balance of zero at December 31, 2021. During the year ended December 31, 2020, TPG Holdings, L.P. borrowed $150.0 million and made repayments of $100.0 million on the Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, leaving a balance of $50.0 million as of December 31, 2020. During the year ended December 31, 2019, TPG Holdings, L.P. neither borrowed nor made repayments on the Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility, leaving a zero balance as of December 31, 2019. As of December 31, 2021, $300.0 million was available to be borrowed under the terms of the Senior Unsecured Revolving Credit Facility.

Senior Unsecured Term Loan

In December 2021, TPG Operating Group II, L.P. entered into a credit agreement (the “Senior Unsecured Term Loan Agreement”) pursuant to which the lenders thereunder have agreed to make term loans in a principal amount of up to $300.0 million during the period commencing on December 2, 2021 and ending on the date that is 30 days thereafter. Unused commitments were terminated at the end of such period. As of December 31, 2021, $200.0 million was outstanding under the Senior Unsecured Term Loan Agreement. The term loans have an interest rate of LIBOR plus 1.00% and will mature in December 2024. The proceeds from the term loan were used to make a ratable distribution to each of our investors and will not be available for our operations.

Tax Receivable Agreement

The future exchanges by owners of Common Units for cash from a substantially concurrent public offering, reorganization or private sale (based on the price per share of the Class A common stock on the day before the pricing of such public offering or private sale) or, at our election, for shares of our Class A common stock on a one-for-one basis (or, in certain cases, for shares of nonvoting Class A common stock) are expected to produce or otherwise deliver to us favorable tax attributes that can reduce our taxable income. We (and our wholly-owned subsidiaries) are a party to a tax receivable agreement, under which generally we (or our wholly-owned subsidiaries) are required to pay the beneficiaries of

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the Tax Receivable Agreement 85% of the applicable cash savings, if any, in U.S. federal, state and local income tax that we actually realize or, in certain circumstances, are deemed to realize as a result of the Covered Tax Items. We generally retain the benefit of the remaining 15% of the applicable tax savings. The payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement are obligations of TPG Inc. (or our wholly-owned subsidiaries), and we expect that the payments we will be required to make under the Tax Receivable Agreement will be substantial. See “Item 13.—Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence—Reorganization- and IPO-Related Transactions—Tax Receivable Agreement.”

Contractual Obligations

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into contractual arrangements that require future cash payments. The following table sets forth information regarding our anticipated future cash payments under our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2021:

Payments Due by Period
Total202220232024202520262027 and Thereafter
Operating lease obligations$212,630$26,853$24,267$28,479$27,247$13,090$92,694
Debt obligations (1)450,000200,000250,000
Interest on debt obligations (2)326,74517,03517,03516,70213,03513,035249,903
Capital commitments (3)339,900339,900
Total contractual obligations$1,329,275$383,788$41,302$245,181$40,282$26,125$592,597

__________

(1)Debt obligations presented in the table reflect scheduled principal payments related to the Securitization Notes and our Senior Unsecured Term Loan.

(2)Estimated interest payments on our debt obligations reflect amounts that would be paid over the life on the Securitization Notes based the Series A and B Securitization Notes respective fixed interest rates and assuming the debt is held until final maturity.

(3)Capital commitments represent our obligations to provide general partner capital funding to the TPG funds. These amounts are generally due on demand, and accordingly, have been presented as obligations payable in the “2022” column. We generally utilize proceeds from return of capital distributions and proceeds from Secured Borrowings to help fund these commitments.

Additional Contingent Obligations

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, if all investments held by the TPG funds were liquidated at their current unrealized fair value, there would be clawback of $58.3 million related to STAR and $60.7 million related to STAR and TES I, net of tax, respectively, for which a performance allocation reserve was recorded within other liabilities in the consolidated financial statements. The potential liquidation of STAR in 2021 could require clawback payments. Additionally, if all remaining investments were deemed worthless, a possibility management views as remote, the amount of performance allocations subject to projected clawback as of December 31, 2021 and 2020 would be $1,500.9 million and $823.0 million on a pre-tax basis, respectively.

As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had guarantees outstanding totaling $96.1 million and $30.3 million, respectively, related to employee guarantees primarily related to a third-party lending program which enables certain of our eligible employees to obtain financing for co-invest capital commitment obligations with a maximum potential exposure of $139.7 million and $134.5 million, respectively.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have not entered into any off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Regulation S-K.

Critical Accounting Policies

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenues, expenses, assets, and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities in our financial statements. We regularly assess these estimates; however, actual amounts could differ from those estimates. The impact of changes in estimates is recorded in the period in which they become known.

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An accounting policy is considered to be critical if the nature of the estimates or assumptions is material due to the levels of subjectivity and judgment necessary to account for highly uncertain matters or the susceptibility of such matters to change, and the effect of the estimates and assumptions on financial condition or operating performance. The accounting policies we believe to reflect our more significant estimates, judgments and assumptions that are most critical to understanding and evaluating our reported financial results are: revenue recognition and fair value measurements.

Revenues

We recognize revenue in accordance with ASC 606. Revenue is recognized in a manner that depicts the transfer of promised goods or services to customers and for an amount that reflects the consideration to which we expect to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. We are required to identify our contracts with customers, identify the performance obligations in a contract, determine the transaction price, allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract and recognize revenue when (or as) the entity satisfies a performance obligation. In determining the transaction price, variable consideration is included only to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized would not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. The guidance requires us to assess whether we are the principal versus agent in the arrangement based on the notion of control, which affects recognition of revenue on a gross or net basis. Essentially all of our revenue and operations are directly or indirectly supporting affiliated investment funds and derived from or related to their underlying investments.

Management fees related to our funds are generally based on a fixed percentage of the committed capital or invested capital. The corresponding fee calculations that consider committed capital or invested capital are both objective in nature and therefore do not require the use of significant estimates or assumptions.

Incentive fees are generally calculated as a percentage of the profits earned in respect of certain accounts for which we are the investment adviser, subject to the achievement of minimum return levels or performance benchmarks. Incentive fees are typically subject to reversal until the end of a defined performance period, as these fees are affected by changes in the fair value of the AUM or advisement over such performance period. Moreover, incentive fees that are received prior to the end of the defined performance period are typically subject to clawback, net of tax. We recognize incentive fee revenue only when these amounts are realized and no longer subject to significant reversal, which is typically at the end of a defined performance period and/or upon expiration of the associated clawback period.

Capital Allocation-Based Income is a disproportionate allocation (typically 20%) of performance allocations. We account for performance allocations under the equity method of accounting. Certain funds will allocate performance allocations to us, based on cumulative fund performance to date, irrespective of whether such amounts have been realized. These performance allocations are subject to the achievement of minimum return levels (typically 8%), in accordance with the terms set forth in each respective fund’s governing documents. We recognize income attributable to performance allocations from a fund based on the amount that would be due to us pursuant to the fund’s governing documents, assuming the fund was liquidated based on the current fair value of its underlying investments as of that date. Accordingly, the amount recognized as performance allocation income reflects our share of the gains and losses of the associated fund’s underlying investments measured at their then-fair values, relative to the fair values as of the end of the prior period. Performance allocations are generally realized when an underlying investment is profitably disposed of and the fund’s cumulative returns are in excess of the specific hurdle rates, as defined in the applicable governing documents. For any given period, performance allocations on our consolidated statements of operations may include reversals of previously recognized amounts due to a decrease in the value of a particular fund that results in a decrease of cumulative performance allocations earned to date. Since fund minimum level of returns are cumulative, previously recognized performance allocations also may be reversed in a period of appreciation that is lower than the particular fund’s minimum return levels. Each fund is considered separately in this regard and, for a given fund, performance allocations can never be negative over the life of a fund. If upon a hypothetical liquidation of a fund’s investments, at their then current fair values, previously recognized and distributed performance allocation would be required to be returned, a liability is established for the potential clawback obligation. Our actual obligation, however, would not become payable or realized until the end of a fund’s life.

Fair Value Measurements

GAAP establishes a hierarchical disclosure framework, which prioritizes and ranks the level of market price observability used in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market price observability is affected by a number of factors, including the type of financial instrument, the characteristics specific to the financial instrument and the state of the marketplace—including the existence and transparency of transactions between market participants. Financial instruments

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with readily available quoted prices in active markets generally will have a higher degree of market price observability and a lesser degree of judgment used in measuring fair value.

Financial instruments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed based on the observability of inputs used in the determination of their fair values, as follows:

•Level 1—Pricing inputs are unadjusted, quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the measurement date.

•Level 2—Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the measurement date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. The types of financial instruments classified in this category include securities with less liquidity traded in active markets, securities traded in other than active markets, and government and agency securities.

•Level 3—Pricing inputs are unobservable for the financial instruments and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the financial instrument. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation.

In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls has been determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and consideration of factors specific to the financial instrument.

The fair value of the investments held by TPG funds is the primary input to the calculation of certain of our management fees and performance allocations. The TPG funds are accounted for as investment companies in accordance with GAAP guidance and reflect their investments, including majority-owned and controlled investments, at fair value. In the absence of observable market prices, we utilize valuation methodologies applied on a consistent basis and assumptions that we believe market participants would use to determine the fair value of the investments. For investments where little market activity exists management’s determination of fair value is based on the best information available in the circumstances, which may incorporate management’s own assumptions and involves a significant degree of judgment, and the consideration of a combination of internal and external factors, including the appropriate risk adjustments for non-performance and liquidity risks.

TPG has also elected the fair value option for certain other proprietary investments. TPG is required to measure certain financial instruments at fair value, including equity securities and derivatives.

Fair Value of Investments or Instruments that are Publicly Traded

Securities that are publicly traded and for which a quoted market exists will be valued at the closing price of such securities in the principal market in which the security trades, or in the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market on the valuation date. When a quoted price in an active market exists, no block discounts or control premiums are permitted regardless of the size of the public security held. In some cases, securities will include legal and contractual restrictions limiting their purchase and sale for a period of time, such as may be required under SEC Rule 144. A discount to publicly traded price may be appropriate in those cases; the amount of the discount, if taken, shall be determined based on the time period that must pass before the restricted security becomes unrestricted or otherwise available for sale.

Fair Value of Investments or Instruments that are not Publicly Traded

Investments for which market prices are not observable include private investments in the equity or debt of operating companies or real estate properties. Our primary methodology for determining the fair values of such investments is generally the market approach. The most widely used methodology under the market approach relies upon valuations for comparable public companies, transactions or assets, and includes making judgments about which companies, transactions, or assets are comparable. We may also choose to incorporate a secondary methodology, generally used to corroborate the results of the market approach. This would typically be the income approach, which provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business, security or property is expected to generate in the future. The most

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widely used methodology under the income approach is the discounted cash flow method, which includes significant assumptions about the underlying investment’s projected net earnings or cash flows, discount rate, capitalization rate and exit multiple. Depending on the facts and circumstances associated with the investment, different primary and secondary methodologies may be used including direct capitalization method, option value, contingent claims or scenario analysis, yield analysis, projected cash flow through maturity or expiration, probability weighted methods or recent round of financing.

In certain cases, debt and equity securities are valued on the basis of prices from an orderly transaction between market participants provided by reputable dealers or pricing services. In determining the value of a particular investment, pricing services may use certain information with respect to transactions in such investments, quotations from dealers, pricing matrices and market transactions in comparable investments and various relationships between investments.

Management Process on Fair Value

Due to the importance of fair value throughout the consolidated financial statements and the significant judgment required to be applied in arriving at those fair values, we have developed a process around valuation that incorporates several levels of approval and review from both internal and external sources. Investments held by TPG funds and investment vehicles are valued on at least a quarterly basis by our internal valuation or asset management teams, which are independent from our investment teams.

For investments valued utilizing a forward-looking market approach and/or income method, and where TPG has information rights, we generally have a direct line of communication with each of the Portfolio Company finance teams and collect financial data used to support projections used in the analysis. The respective business unit’s valuation team or deal team then analyzes the data received and updates the valuation models, reflecting any changes in the underlying forecast, cash flow projections, weighted-average cost of capital, exit multiple and any other valuation input relevant economic conditions.

The results of all valuations of investments held by TPG funds and investment vehicles are reviewed and approved by the relevant Fund’s Valuation Committee. Each Valuation Committee is comprised of at least one member who does not participate in the process of making or disposing of investments. Approval by any member of the Valuation Committee is related to such member’s role in the Committee, such that control function members’ (i.e., those members who do not participate in the process of making or disposing of investments) approval, for example, represents their confirmation that the process was run appropriately and that the deliberations were on the merits. To further corroborate results, each business unit generally engages an external valuation firm to provide positive assurance on a quarterly basis for a majority of Level III investments that have been held by TPG funds and investment vehicles for at least one full quarter. Investments may be excluded from review if the valuation is based on a recent transaction, upcoming transaction or certain categorical deals (e.g., Biotech deals).

The global outbreak of COVID-19 required management to make significant judgments about the ultimate adverse impact of COVID-19 on financial markets and economic conditions, which is uncertain and may change over time. These judgments and estimates were incorporated into the valuation process outlined herein. Management’s policies were unchanged and critical processes were executed in a remote working environment.

Recent Accounting Developments

Information regarding recent accounting developments and their effects to us can be found in Note 2, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” to our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.

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