AGREE REALTY CORP (ADC)

Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the condensed consolidated financial statements of Agree Realty Corporation (the “Company”), a Maryland corporation, including the respective notes thereto, which are included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. The terms “Company,” “Management,” “we,” “our” and “us” refer to Agree Realty Corporation and all of its consolidated subsidiaries, including Agree Limited Partnership (the “Operating Partnership”), a Delaware limited partnership.

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This report contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”) and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). The Company intends such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and includes this statement for purposes of complying with these safe harbor provisions. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe the Company’s future plans, strategies and expectations, are generally identifiable by use of the words “anticipate,” “estimate,” “should,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend,” “may,” “will,” “seek,” “could,” “project” or similar expressions. You should not rely on forward-looking statements since they involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors which are, in some cases, beyond the Company’s control and which could materially affect the Company’s results of operations, financial condition, cash flows, performance or future achievements or events. Factors which may cause actual results to differ materially from current expectations include, but are not limited to: the factors included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, including those set forth under the headings “Business,” “Risk Factors” and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”; changes in general economic, financial and real estate market conditions; the financial failure of, or other default in payment by, tenants under their leases and the potential resulting vacancies; the Company’s concentration with certain tenants and in certain markets, which may make the Company more susceptible to adverse events; changes in the Company’s business strategy; risks that the Company’s acquisition and development projects will fail to perform as expected; adverse changes and disruption in the retail sector, including due to the adverse impact of tariffs, and the financing stability of the Company’s tenants, which could impact tenants’ ability to pay rent and expense reimbursement; the Company’s ability to pay dividends; risks relating to information technology and cybersecurity attacks, loss of confidential information and other related business disruptions; risks related to the impacts of artificial intelligence; loss of key management personnel; the potential need to fund improvements or other capital expenditures out of operating cash flow; financing risks, such as the inability to obtain debt or equity financing on favorable terms or at all; the level and volatility of interest rates; the Company’s ability to renew or re-lease space as leases expire; limitations in the Company’s tenants’ leases on real estate tax, insurance and operating cost reimbursement obligations; loss or bankruptcy of one or more of the Company’s major tenants, and bankruptcy laws that may limit the Company’s remedies if a tenant becomes bankrupt and rejects its leases; potential liability for environmental contamination, which could result in substantial costs; the Company’s level of indebtedness, which could reduce funds available for other business purposes and reduce the Company’s operational flexibility; covenants in the Company’s credit agreements and unsecured notes, which could limit the Company’s flexibility and adversely affect its financial condition; credit market developments that may reduce availability under the Company’s revolving credit facility and commercial paper program; an increase in market interest rates which could raise the Company’s interest costs on existing and future debt; a decrease in interest rates, which may lead to additional competition for the acquisition of real estate or adversely affect the Company’s results of operations; the Company’s hedging strategies, which may not be successful in mitigating the Company’s risks associated with interest rates; legislative or regulatory changes, including changes to laws governing real estate investment trusts (“REITs”); the Company’s ability to maintain its qualification as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and the limitations imposed on its business by its status as a REIT; and the Company’s failure to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, which could adversely affect the Company’s operations and ability to make distributions.

32

Table of Contents

Overview

The Company is a fully integrated REIT primarily focused on the ownership, acquisition, development and management of retail properties net leased to industry leading tenants. The Company was founded in 1971 by its current Executive Chairman, Richard Agree, and its common stock was listed on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”) in 1994. The Company’s assets are held by, and all of its operations are conducted through, directly or indirectly, the Operating Partnership, of which the Company is the sole general partner and in which it held a 99.7% common interest as of June 30, 2026. Refer to Note 1- Organization in the notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for further information on the ownership structure. Under the agreement of limited partnership of the Operating Partnership, the Company, as the sole general partner, has exclusive responsibility and discretion in the management and control of the Operating Partnership.

As of June 30, 2026, the Company’s portfolio consisted of 2,825 properties located in all 50 states and the District of Columbia, comprised of approximately 59.6 million square feet of gross leasable area (“GLA”). The portfolio was approximately 99.8% leased and had a weighted average remaining lease term of approximately 7.7 years. A significant majority of the Company’s properties are leased to national tenants and approximately 65.8% of our annualized base rent was derived from tenants, or parent entities thereof, with an investment grade credit rating from S&P Global Ratings, Moody’s Investors Service, Fitch Ratings or the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. Substantially all of our tenants are subject to net lease agreements. A net lease typically requires the tenant to be responsible for minimum monthly rent and property operating expenses including property taxes, insurance and maintenance.

The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 1994. We believe that we have been organized and have operated in a manner that has allowed us to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and we intend to continue operating in such a manner.

Results of Operations

Overall

The Company’s real estate investment portfolio grew from approximately $7.96 billion in net investment amount representing 2,513 properties with 52.0 million square feet of GLA as of June 30, 2025, to approximately $9.24 billion in net investment amount representing 2,825 properties with 59.6 million square feet of GLA at June 30, 2026. The Company’s real estate investments were made throughout and between the periods presented and were not all outstanding for the entire period; accordingly, a portion of the increase in rental income between periods is related to recognizing revenue in 2026 on acquisitions, development and Developer Funding Platform (“DFP”) projects that were completed during 2025. Similarly, the full rental income impact of acquisitions made during 2026 will not be realized until 2027.

33

Table of Contents

Acquisitions

The following table summarizes the acquisitions completed by the Company during the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

(1)Excludes the District of Columbia, where the Company acquired its first property during the three months ended June 30, 2026.

(2)Weighted-average capitalization rate for acquisitions is the sum of contractual fixed annual rents computed on a straight-line basis over the primary lease terms and anticipated annual net tenant recoveries, divided by the aggregate purchase price for occupied properties.

Development and Developer Funding Platform

The following table summarizes the Company’s development and DFP activity during the periods presented:

Dispositions

The following table summarizes the Company’s disposition activity during the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

Comparison of three months ended June 30, 2026 to the three months ended June 30, 2025 (dollars in thousands)

The variances in rental income, real estate taxes, property operating expenses and depreciation and amortization shown above were due to the acquisition and the ownership of an increased number of properties during the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to the three months ended June 30, 2025, as further described under Results of Operations - Overall above.

34

Table of Contents

General and administrative expenses increased $0.7 million, or 6%, to $12.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to $11.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2025. The increase was primarily the result of growth in compensation costs due to inflationary increases and higher stock-based compensation expense as a result of changing the vesting period for awards granted beginning in 2023. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenue decreased to 5.8% for the three months ended June 30, 2026, compared to 6.5% for the three months ended June 30, 2025.

Interest expense, net increased $8.0 million, or 25%, to $40.3 million for the three month

[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]

Overview

The Company is a fully integrated REIT primarily focused on the ownership, acquisition, development and management of retail properties net leased to industry leading tenants. The Company was founded in 1971 by its current Executive Chairman, Richard Agree, and its common stock was listed on the NYSE in 1994. The Company’s assets are held by, and all of its operations are conducted through, directly or indirectly, the Operating Partnership, of which the Company is the sole general partner and in which the Company held a 99.7% common interest as of December 31, 2025. Refer to Note 1-Organization in the notes to the consolidated financial statements in this Form 10-K for further information on the ownership structure. Under the agreement of limited partnership of the Operating Partnership, the Company, as the sole general partner, has exclusive responsibility and discretion in the management and control of the Operating Partnership.

As of December 31, 2025, the Company’s portfolio consisted of 2,674 properties located in all 50 states and totaling approximately 55.5 million square feet of GLA. The portfolio was approximately 99.7% leased and had a weighted average remaining lease term of approximately 7.8 years. A significant majority of the Company’s properties are leased to national tenants and approximately 66.8% of our annualized base rent was derived from tenants, or parent entities thereof, with an investment grade credit rating from S&P Global Ratings, Moody’s Investors Service, Fitch Ratings or the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. A net lease typically requires the tenant to be responsible for minimum monthly rent and property operating expenses including property taxes, insurance and maintenance.

The Company elected to be taxed as a REIT for federal income tax purposes commencing with the taxable year ended December 31, 1994. We believe that we have been organized and have operated in a manner that has allowed us to qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes and we intend to continue operating in such a manner.

Results of Operations

Overall

The Company’s real estate investment portfolio grew from approximately $7.42 billion in net investment amount representing 2,370 properties with 48.8 million square feet of GLA as of December 31, 2024 to approximately $8.57 billion in net investment amount representing 2,674 properties with 55.5 million square feet of GLA at December 31, 2025. The Company’s real estate investments were made throughout and between the periods presented and were not all outstanding for the entire period; accordingly, a portion of the increase in rental income between periods is related to recognizing revenue in 2025 on acquisitions, development and DFP projects that were completed during 2024. Similarly, the full rental income impact of acquisitions made during 2025 will not be seen until 2026.

32

Table of Contents

Acquisitions

The following summarizes the acquisitions completed by the Company during the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

(1)Weighted-average capitalization rate for acquisitions is the sum of contractual fixed annual rents computed on a straight-line basis over the primary lease terms and anticipated annual net tenant recoveries, divided by the aggregate purchase price for occupied properties.

Development and Developer Funding Platform

The following summarizes the Company’s development and Developer Funding Platform (“DFP”) activity during the periods presented:

Dispositions

The following summarizes the Company’s disposition activity during the periods presented (dollars in thousands):

Comparison of Year Ended December 31, 2025 to Year Ended December 31, 2024 (dollars in thousands)

The variances in rental income, real estate tax expense, property operating expense and depreciation and amortization expense shown above were due to the acquisition and the ownership of an increased number of properties during the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the year ended December 31, 2024, as further described under Results of Operations - Overall above.

General and administrative expenses increased $6.9 million, or 18%, to $44.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $37.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase was primarily the result of growth in compensation costs due to inflationary increases and higher stock-based compensation expense as a result of changing the vesting period for awards granted beginning in 2023. General and administrative expenses as a percentage of total revenue increased to 6.1% for the year ended December 31, 2025 from 6.0% for the year ended December 31, 2024.

33

Table of Contents

Interest expense, net increased $25.7 million, or 24%, to $134.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $108.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The increase in interest expense, net was primarily a result of higher levels of borrowings during the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the year ended December 31, 2024 in order to finance the acquisition and development of additional properties. Interest expense, net increased approximately $21.5 million related to the $400.0 million 2035 Senior Unsecured Public Notes that were issued in May 2025 and the $450.0 million 2034 Senior Unsecured Public Notes that were issued in May 2024, partially offset by a decrease in interest due to the repayment of the $50.0 million 2025 Senior Unsecured Notes in May 2025. In addition, interest expense on the Revolving Credit Facility and Commercial Paper Notes increased approximately $4.8 million due to higher levels of borrowings, partially offset by lower average borrowing rates, during the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the year ended December 31, 2024.

Provision for impairment increased $4.7 million to $11.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $7.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. Provisions for impairment are recorded when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the asset may not be recoverable through operations plus estimated disposition proceeds and are not necessarily comparable period-to-period.

A net gain of $5.4 million was recognized on the sale of 22 assets and land parcels during the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to a net gain of $11.5 million recognized on the sale of 26 assets during the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease was primarily due to lower disposition volume and lower average disposition proceeds per property in 2025 as compared to 2024. Gains and losses on sale of assets are dependent on levels of disposition activity and the carrying value of the assets relative to their sales prices. As a result, such gains on sales are not necessarily comparable period-to-period.

Income and other tax expense decreased $2.6 million to $1.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $4.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2024. The decrease is driven by refunds received as a result of amendments to previous years' tax returns for various state filings as well as a reduction in recurring expense levels following these amendments.

Net income increased $15.2 million, or 8%, to $205.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $189.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The change was the result of the growth in the portfolio partially offset by the items discussed above. After allocation of income to non-controlling interest and preferred stockholders, net income attributable to common stockholders increased $15.1 million, or 8% to $196.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to $181.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2024.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The Company’s principal demands for funds include payment of operating expenses, payment of principal and interest on its outstanding indebtedness, dividends and distributions to its stockholders and holders of the units of the Operating Partnership (the “Operating Partnership Common Units”), and future property acquisitions and development.

In March 2025, the Operating Partnership established a commercial paper program (the “Commercial Paper Program”), pursuant to which it may issue short-term, fixed rate, unsecured commercial paper notes (the “Commercial Paper Notes”) under the exemption from registration contained in Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act. Amounts available under the Commercial Paper Program may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed from time to time, with the aggregate principal amount of the Commercial Paper Notes outstanding under the Commercial Paper Program at any time not to exceed $625.0 million. The Commercial Paper Notes can have maturities of up to 397 days from the date of issue and are guaranteed by the Company and certain wholly owned subsidiaries of the Operating Partnership.

In April 2025, the Company completed a follow-on public offering of 5,175,000 shares of common stock, including the full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase an additional 675,000 shares in connection with the forward sale agreements. As of December 31, 2025, the Company has not settled any of these shares. The offering is anticipated to raise net proceeds of approximately $385.8 million after deducting fees and expenses and making certain adjustments as provided in the forward sale agreements.

In May 2025, the Operating Partnership completed an underwritten public offering of $400.0 million in aggregate principal amount of its 5.600% Notes due 2035 (the “2035 Senior Unsecured Public Notes”). The public offering was priced at 99.297% of the principal amount, resulting in proceeds of $397.2 million before deducting debt issuance costs. In connection with the underwritten public offering, the Company terminated $325.0 million of forward-starting interest rate swap agreements that hedged the 2035 Senior Unsecured Public Notes, receiving $13.6 million, net upon termination.

34

Table of Contents

In addition, in May 2025, the Operating Partnership repaid the $50.0 million 2025 Senior Unsecured Notes at maturity.

On November 17, 2025, the Company entered into the First Amendment to the Fourth Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement (the “First Amendment to the Revolving Credit Facility”) with PNC Bank, as administrative agent, and a syndicate of lenders named therein, and with certain indirect subsidiaries of the Borrower as guarantors. The First Amendment to the Revolving Credit Facility amends the Revolving Credit Facility by

[Excerpt truncated for page length; the complete text is on the linked full-MD&A page.]