Leidos Holdings, Inc. (LDOS)

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of Leidos Holdings, Inc.'s ("Leidos") financial condition, results of operations, and quantitative and qualitative discussion about business environment and trends should be read in conjunction with Leidos' condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes.

The following discussion contains forward-looking statements, including statements regarding our intent, belief or current expectations with respect to, among other things, trends affecting our financial condition or results of operations, backlog, our industry, the impact of our merger and acquisition activity, government budgets and spending, our business contingency plans, interest rates and uncertainties in tax due to new tax legislation or other regulatory developments. In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by words such as “will,” “expect,” “estimate,” “plan,” “potential,” “continue” or similar expressions. Such statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks and uncertainties and actual results may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. Some of these factors include, but are not limited to, the risk factors set forth in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as updated by the risk factor in this report under Part II, Item 1A. "Risk Factors" and as may be further updated in subsequent filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Due to such uncertainties and risks, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. We do not undertake any obligation to update these factors or to publicly announce the results of any changes to our forward-looking statements due to future events or developments.

Unless indicated otherwise, references in this report to "we," "us" and "our" refer collectively to Leidos and its consolidated subsidiaries.

OVERVIEW

Leidos is an industry and technology leader serving government and commercial customers with smarter, more efficient digital and mission innovations. Headquartered in Reston, Virginia, with 50,000 global employees, we pursue strategic growth across five pillars: defense tech; energy infrastructure; cyber; mission and digital solutions; and managed health services. Our customers include the U.S. Department of War (“DoW”), the U.S. Intelligence Community, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the Federal Aviation Administration, the Department of Veterans Affairs, and many other U.S. civilian, state and local government agencies, foreign government agencies and commercial businesses.

Beginning in fiscal 2026, we realigned our business and operate in four reportable segments that are focused on specific, defined capability sets we bring to our customers. As a result of this change, prior year segment results and disclosures have been recast to reflect the current reportable segment structure. We now operate in the following reportable segments: Intelligence & Digital, Health, Homeland and Defense. We also separately present the unallocable costs associated with corporate functions as Corporate (see "Note 10–Business Segments").

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND TRENDS

U.S. GOVERNMENT MARKETS

During the three and six months ended July 3, 2026, we generated approximately 83% and 85%, respectively, of total revenues from contracts with the U.S. government, as compared to 87% for both the three and six months ended July 4, 2025. Accordingly, our business performance is affected by the overall level of U.S. government spending, especially national security, homeland security and intelligence spending, and the alignment of our service and product offerings and capabilities with current and future budget priorities of the U.S. government.

While Congress continues to advance the government fiscal year 2027 appropriations bills, it is increasingly expected that lawmakers will rely on a short-term continuing resolution ("CR") to keep the government funded beyond the September 30, 2026 deadline. Failure to pass the appropriations bills or a CR by September 30, 2026, will result in a full or partial federal government shutdown.

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

INTERNATIONAL MARKETS

Sales to customers in international markets represented approximately 9% and 8% of total revenues for the three and six months ended July 3, 2026, respectively, and as compared to 8% of total revenues for both the three and six months ended July 4, 2025. Our international customers include foreign governments and their agencies. Our international business increases our exposure to international markets and the associated international regulatory, foreign currency exchange rate and geopolitical risks.

Changes in international trade policies, including higher tariffs on imported goods and materials, may increase the cost of certain goods necessary to fulfill our contractual requirements and for internal purposes. We expect to recover certain portions of the increase to the cost of goods through contractual measures. While we continue to evaluate the tariff environment and potential impacts of higher tariffs, we currently do not expect them to have a significant effect on our business.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following table summarizes our condensed consolidated results of operations for the periods presented:

SEGMENT AND CORPORATE RESULTS

The increase in revenues and operating income for the three months ended July 3, 2026, as compared to the three months ended July 4, 2025, was primarily attributable to program wins, partially offset by the completion of certain contracts.

The increase in revenues for the six months ended July 3, 2026, as compared to the six months ended July 4, 2025, was primarily attributable to program wins and $27 million of increased revenues recognized from the acquisition of Savanna Industries, Inc. ("Kudu Dynamics"), partially offset by the completion of certain contracts.

The increase in operating income for the six months ended July 3, 2026, as compared to the six months ended July 4, 2025, was primarily attributable to program wins and improved margins from program mix, partially offset by the completion of certain contracts.

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PART I—FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The decrease in revenues and operating income for the three and six months ended July 3, 2026, as compared to the three and six months ended July 4, 2025, was primarily attributable to a net decrease in volumes.

The increase in revenues for the three months ended July 3, 2026, as compared to the three months ended July 4, 2025, was primarily attributable to a net increase in volumes, program wins, $141 million recognized from the acquisition of Entrust and a $14 million favorable impact from exchange rate movements, partially offset by the completion of certain contracts.

The increase in revenues for the six months ended July 3, 2026, as compared to the six months ended July 4, 2025, was primarily attributable to a net increase in volumes, program wins, $152 million recognized from the acquisition of Entrust and a $37 million favorable impact from exchange rate movements, partially offset by the completion of certain contracts and write-downs on certain programs.

The increase in operating income for the three and six months ended July 3, 2026, as compared to the three and six months ended July 4, 2025, was primarily attributable to a net increase in volumes, program wins and the contribution from the acquisition of Entrust. The increase was partially offset by increased amortization, acquisition and restructuring expenses.

The increase in revenues for the three and six months ended July 3, 2026, as compared to the three and six months ended July 4, 2025, was primarily attributable to program wins and increased volumes on existing contracts, partially offset by the completion of certain contracts.

The increase in operating income for the three months ended July 3, 2026, as compared to the three months ended July 4, 2025, was primarily attributable to program wins, partially offset by the completion of certain contracts.

The decrease in operating income for the six months ended July 3, 2026, as compared to the six months ended July 4, 2025, was primarily attributable to the completion of higher-margin contracts, partially offset by program wins.

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Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of Leidos Holdings, Inc.’s (“Leidos”) financial condition, results of operations and quantitative and qualitative disclosures about business environment and trends and market risk should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including information with respect to our plans and strategy for our business, includes forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, including those described under the heading “Forward-Looking Statements.” You should also review the disclosure under Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for a discussion of important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.

Unless indicated otherwise, references in this report to “we,” “us” and “our” refer collectively to Leidos and its consolidated subsidiaries.

In this section, we discuss our financial condition, changes in financial condition and results of our operations for the year ended January 2, 2026, compared to the year ended January 3, 2025. For a discussion and analysis comparing our results for the year ended January 3, 2025, to the year ended December 29, 2023, see our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended January 3, 2025, filed with the SEC on February 11, 2025, under Part II, Item 7 “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

OVERVIEW

Leidos is an industry and technology leader serving government and commercial customers with smarter, more efficient digital and mission innovations. Headquartered in Reston, Virginia, with 47,000 global employees, we pursue strategic growth across five pillars: space and maritime; energy infrastructure; digital modernization and cyber; mission software; and managed health services. Our customers include the U.S. Department of War (“DoW”), the U.S. Intelligence Community, the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, the Federal Aviation Administration, the Department of Veterans Affairs and many other U.S. civilian, state and local government agencies, foreign government agencies and commercial businesses. Approximately 8% of our revenues are generated by entities located outside of the United States.

Our business is aligned into four reportable segments that are focused on specific, defined capability sets we bring to our customers. We operate in the following reportable segments: National Security & Digital, Health & Civil, Commercial & International and Defense Systems. We also separately present the unallocated costs associated with corporate functions as Corporate.

For additional information regarding our reportable segments, see “Business” in Part I and “Note 20—Business Segments” of the notes to the consolidated financial statements contained within this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Our significant initiatives include the following:

uachieving annual revenue growth guided by our NorthStar 2030 strategy focusing on the growth pillars aligned with our customers’ priorities;

ucontinual improvements in the effectiveness and efficiency of our business processes driven by our enterprise transformation office leveraging artificial intelligence and automation; and

udisciplined deployment of our cash resources and use of our capital structure to enhance shareholder value while retaining an appropriate amount of financial leverage.

Sales Trend. For fiscal 2025, revenues increased $0.5 billion, or 3%, compared to fiscal 2024, the increase was primarily due to program wins and a net increase in volumes, partially offset by the completion of certain contracts.

Operating Expenses and Income Trend. For fiscal 2025, operating expenses increased by $223 million, or 1%, compared to fiscal 2024. Operating margin for fiscal 2025 was 12% compared to 11% for fiscal 2024. Operating income was $2,109 million, a $282 million increase compared to fiscal 2024. The increase in operating income was primarily attributable to a program wins and a net increase in volumes on certain programs, partially offset by an increase in general & administrative expenses and the completion of programs.

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PART II

From a macroeconomic perspective, our industry is under general competitive pressures associated with spending from our largest customer, the U.S. government, and requires a high level of cost management focus to allow us to remain competitive. Although the U.S. Presidential Administration has not indicated a desire to reduce spending in the defense and homeland security sectors, the likelihood, extent and duration of current spending levels in these areas remains unclear. We continue to review our cost structure against our anticipated sales and undertake cost management actions and efficiency initiatives where necessary.

BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND TRENDS

U.S. GOVERNMENT MARKETS

We generated approximately 87% of our total revenues from contracts with the U.S. government in both fiscal 2025 and 2024, either as a prime contractor or a subcontractor to other contractors engaged in work for the U.S. government. Revenues under contracts with the DoW and U.S. Intelligence Community, including subcontracts under which the DoW or the U.S. Intelligence Community is the ultimate purchaser, represented approximately 49% and 48% of our total revenues for fiscal 2025 and 2024, respectively. Accordingly, our business performance is affected by the overall level of U.S. government spending, especially national security, homeland security and intelligence spending, and the alignment of our service and product offerings and capabilities with current and future budget priorities of the U.S. government.

On February 3, 2026, the House of Representatives passed five of the six remaining appropriations bills to fund the federal government for fiscal year 2026. On February 13, 2026, the Homeland Security bill was not passed and DHS was shutdown until another continuing resolution is agreed upon.

Trends in the U.S. government contracting process, including a shift towards multiple-awards contracts, in which certain contractors are preapproved using IDIQ and U.S. General Services Administration (“GSA”) contract vehicles, have increased competition for U.S. government contracts, reduced backlogs by shortening periods of performance on contracts and increased pricing pressure. We expect that a majority of the business that we seek in the foreseeable future will be awarded through a competitive bidding process. For more information on these risks and uncertainties, see “Risk Factors” in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

INTERNATIONAL MARKETS

Sales to customers in international markets represented approximately 8% of total revenues for fiscal 2025 and 2024. Our international customers include foreign governments and their agencies. Our international business increases our exposure to international markets and the associated international regulatory, foreign currency exchange rate and geopolitical risks.

Changes in international trade policies, including higher tariffs on imported goods and materials, may increase our procurement costs of certain IT hardware used both on our contracts and for internal use. However, we expect to recover certain portions of these higher tariffs through our cost-plus contracts. While we evaluate the impact of higher tariffs, currently, we do not expect tariffs to have a significant impact to our business.

KEY PERFORMANCE MEASURES

The primary financial performance measures we use to manage our business and monitor results of operations are revenue, operating income, cash flows from operations and diluted earnings per share. Bookings and backlog are also useful measures for management and investors to evaluate our performance and potential future revenues. In addition, we consider business performance by contract type to be useful to management and investors when evaluating our operating income and margin performance.

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PART II

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Our results of operations for the periods presented were as follows:

SEGMENT AND CORPORATE RESULTS

The increase in revenues for fiscal 2025 as compared to fiscal 2024, was primarily attributable to program wins, a net increase in volumes and $60 million recognized from the acquisition of Kudu Dynamics, partially offset by program completions and a net decrease in contract write-ups in the current year.

The increase in operating income for fiscal 2025 as compared to fiscal 2024, was primarily attributable to program wins and a net increase in volumes, partially offset by program completions and a net decrease in contract write-ups in the current year.

The increase in revenues for fiscal 2025 as compared to fiscal 2024, was primarily attributable to a net increase in write-ups on certain programs primarily within the managed health services business, partially offset by a net decrease in volumes.

The increase in operating income for fiscal 2025 as compared to fiscal 2024, was primarily due to operational efficiencies on certain programs and a net increase in write-ups primarily within the managed health services business, partially offset by increased general and administrative expenses.

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PART II

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