Marvell Technology, Inc. (MRVL)

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), which are subject to the “safe harbor” created by those sections. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual results to differ materially from those implied by the forward-looking statements. Words such as “anticipates,” “expects,” “intends,” “plans,” “projects,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “targets,” “may,” “can,” “will,” “would” and similar expressions identify such forward-looking statements.

Forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those predicted include, but are not limited to:

•risks related to our ability to design, develop and introduce new and enhanced products, in particular in the Data Center and Communications markets, in a timely and effective manner, as well as our ability to anticipate and adapt to changes in technology;

•risks related to our dependence on a few customers for a significant portion of our revenue, particularly as our major customers comprise an increasing percentage of our revenue, as well as risks related to a significant portion of our sales being concentrated in the data center end market, and risks related to the gain or loss of design wins with our key customers;

•risks related to changes in general macroeconomic conditions such as economic slowdowns, inflation, stagflation, high or rising interest rates, financial institution instability, and recessions; as well as risks related to global economic conditions such as the current armed conflict in Israel and the Middle East;

•risks related to the potential impact of AI on our business model and products;

•risks related to our ability to scale our business;

•risks related to our ability to successfully integrate and to realize anticipated benefits or synergies, on a timely basis or at all, in connection with our past, current, or any future acquisitions, divestitures, significant investments or strategic transactions;

•risks related to tariffs and trade restrictions with China and other foreign nations including risks related to the ability of our customers, particularly in jurisdictions such as China that may be subject to trade restrictions (including the need to obtain export licenses) to develop their own solutions, vertically integrate which may reduce the need for our products, or acquire fully developed solutions from third parties;

•risks related to the extension of lead time due to supply chain disruptions, component shortages that impact the costs and production of our products and kitting process, and constrained availability from other electronic suppliers impacting our customers’ ability to ship their products, which in turn may adversely impact our sales to those customers;

•risks related to our ability to execute on changes in strategy and realize the expected benefits from restructuring activities;

•risks related to cancellations, rescheduling or deferrals of significant customer orders or shipments, as well as the ability of our customers to manage inventory;

•risks related to the highly competitive nature of the end markets we serve, particularly within the semiconductor and infrastructure industries;

•risks related to our ability to maintain a competitive cost structure for our manufacturing, assembly, testing and packaging processes and our reliance on third parties to produce our products;

•risks related to our ability to attract, retain and motivate a highly skilled workforce, especially engineering, managerial, sales and marketing employees;

•risks related to any current and future litigation, regulatory investigations, or contractual disputes with customers that could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources that are needed to successfully maintain and grow our business;

•cybersecurity risks;

•risks related to our debt obligations;

27

Table of Contents

•risks related to the specific conditions in the end markets we address, including seasonality and volatility in the technology sector and semiconductor industry;

•risks related to failures to qualify our products or our suppliers’ manufacturing lines;

•risks related to failures to protect our intellectual property, particularly outside the United States;

•risks related to the issuance of preferred stock;

•risks related to the potential impact of significant events or natural disasters or the effects of climate change (such as drought, flooding, wildfires, increased storm severity, sea level rise, and power outages), particularly in certain regions in which we operate or own buildings, such as Santa Clara, California, and where our third-party manufacturing partners or suppliers operate, such as Taiwan and elsewhere in the Pacific Rim;

•risks related to our sustainability programs;

•risks related to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic or other future pandemics, on the global economy and on our customers, suppliers, employees and business; and

•risks related to failures of our customers to agree to pay for NRE (non-recurring engineering) costs, failure to pay enough to cover the costs we incur in connection with NREs or non-payment of previously agreed NRE costs due to us.

Additional factors which could cause actual results to differ materially include those set forth in the following discussion, as well as the risks discussed in Part II, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” and other sections of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. These forward-looking statements speak only as of the date hereof. Unless required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements.

Overview

We are a leading supplier of data infrastructure semiconductor solutions, spanning the data center core to network edge. We are a fabless supplier of high-performance semiconductor products with core strengths in developing and scaling complex System-on-a-Chip architectures, integrating analog, mixed-signal and digital signal processing functionality. Leveraging leading intellectual property and deep system-level expertise, as well as highly innovative security firmware, our solutions are empowering the data economy and enabling the data center and communications and other end markets.

Net revenue in the first quarter of fiscal 2027 was $2.4 billion and was 28% higher than net revenue in the first quarter of fiscal 2026. This was due to increases in sales from the data center end market by 27%, and from the communications and other end market by 29%. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in sales from our automotive ethernet product portfolio due to the divestiture of our automotive ethernet business at the beginning of the third quarter of fiscal 2026.

Strong revenue growth from our data center market was driven by AI-related demand for a broad range of our products, including electro-optics, custom, storage, and switching. We have continued to see revenue recovery in our communications and other end market driven by normalizing customer inventory levels.

On February 2, 2026, we completed the acquisition of Celestial AI, Inc., a provider of a Photonic FabricTM technology platform purpose-built for next-generation scale-up interconnect. The acquisition of Celestial is expected to accelerate our connectivity strategy for next-generation AI and cloud data centers.

On February 10, 2026, we completed the acquisition of XConn Technologies Holdings, Ltd., a provider of advanced PCIe and CXL switching silicon. The acquisition of XConn expands our switching portfolio and augments our UALinkTM scale-up switch team.

The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the operating results of Celestial and XConn for the period from the dates of acquisition through our first quarter ended May 2, 2026. See “Note 4 – Business Combinations” and “Note 5 – Goodwill and Acquired Intangible Assets, Net” in the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

During the first quarter of fiscal 2027, Marvell and NVIDIA Corporation (“NVIDIA”) announced a strategic partnership to connect our custom XPUs and compatible scale-up networking with NVIDIA’s AI infrastructure ecosystem. On March 31, 2026, we completed the issuance of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock to NVIDIA for an aggregate purchase price of $2.0 billion. See “Note 10 – Stockholders’ Equity” in the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

28

Table of Contents

We continue to monitor the environment for potential impacts on supply and demand from tariffs and other geo-political events.

Government Incentives and Grants. We continue to benefit from lower income tax rates in certain jurisdictions through statutory elections or agreements with governmental agencies, which may include a commitment to maintain, or increase, headcount and business investment levels in those jurisdictions. The tax benefits associated with these reduced income tax rates are recorded through our income tax provision for the periods in which such incentive tax rates are effective. However, changes in international taxation, notably the enactment by numerous countries of minimum tax legislation modeled after the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s Pillar Two tax framework, could significantly reduce the income tax benefit associated with these tax incentives.

In addition, certain jurisdictions in which we operate have enacted alternative incentive programs, which operate within the Pillar Two tax framework. We have entered into agreements with governmental agencies to secure such incentives and we record the benefit associated with these incentives as earned when there is reasonable assurance that we will meet the conditions of the incentive agreements and that the incentives will ultimately be received.

Ultimate realization of the incentives is subject to satisfying certain minimum investment levels over the course of the incentive period and government agency reviews and audits of qualifying expenditures. We cannot guarantee that we will achieve the agreed upon investment levels over the incentive period and any failure to meet these investment levels or any change in the current law or government regulations may result in a clawback of some or all of the incentives and a corresponding reversal of any benefit recognized.

Capital Return Program. We remain committed to delivering stockholder value through our stock repurchase and dividend programs. Under the program authorized by our Board of Directors, we may repurchase shares of our common stock in the open market or through privately negotiated transactions. The extent to which we repurchase our stock and the timing of such repurchases will depend upon market conditions, legal rules and regulations, and other corporate considerations, as determined by our management team. During the three months ended May 2, 2026, we repurchased 1.4 million shares of our common stock for $200.0 million. As of May 2, 2026, $5.3 billion remained available for future stock repurchases. Subsequent to quarter end through May 26, 2026, we repurchased 1.1 million shares of our common stock for $200.0 million pursuant to a 10b5-1 trading plan.

We returned $253.8 million to stockholders in the three months ended May 2, 2026 through $200.0 million in repurchases of shares of our common stock and $53.8 million in cash dividends.

Cash and Short-Ter

[Excerpt truncated for page length; source filing is linked above.]

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties, including those discussed under Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.” These risks and uncertainties may cause actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements.

Overview

We are a leading supplier of data infrastructure semiconductor solutions, spanning the data center core to network edge. We are a fabless supplier of high-performance semiconductor products with core strengths in developing and scaling complex System-on-a-Chip architectures, integrating analog, mixed-signal and digital signal processing functionality. Leveraging leading intellectual property and deep system-level expertise, as well as highly innovative security firmware, our solutions are empowering the data economy and enabling the data center and communications and other end markets.

Our fiscal year is the 52- or 53-week period ending on the Saturday closest to January 31. Accordingly, every fifth or sixth fiscal year will have a 53-week period. The additional week in a 53-week period is added to the fourth quarter, making such quarter consist of 14 weeks. Fiscal 2026 and fiscal 2025 each had a 52-week period. Fiscal 2024 had a 53-week period.

Net revenue in fiscal 2026 was $8.2 billion, 42% higher than net revenue of $5.8 billion in fiscal 2025. This was due to increases in sales from the data center end market by 46% and from the communications and other end market by 31%. The increase was partially offset by a decrease in sales from our automotive ethernet product portfolio due to the divestiture of our automotive ethernet business at the beginning of the third quarter of fiscal 2026.

Strong revenue growth from our data center market was driven by AI-related demand for our custom products and electro-optics portfolio. Additionally, following a period of inventory correction, we have continued to see revenue recovery in our communication and other end market growing significantly compared to fiscal 2025.

On August 14, 2025, we completed the sale of our automotive ethernet business to Infineon Technologies AG for $2.5 billion in cash. During the third quarter of fiscal 2026, we recorded a pre-tax gain on sale of $1.8 billion, which is included in interest income and other, net in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Subsequent to our fiscal 2026 year end, on February 2, 2026, we completed the previously announced acquisition of Celestial AI, Inc. (“Celestial”), a provider of a Photonic FabricTM technology platform purpose-built for next-generation scale-up interconnect. The acquisition of Celestial is expected to accelerate our connectivity strategy for next-generation AI and cloud data centers. At acquisition close, we paid approximately $1.3 billion in cash (or $1.0 billion, net of cash acquired of approximately $300.0 million) and issued approximately 24.5 million shares of our common stock. Contingent on the achievement of specified revenue milestones, we may be required to pay additional cash and issue additional shares of our common stock through fiscal 2029.

Subsequent to our fiscal 2026 year end, on February 10, 2026, we completed the previously announced acquisition of XConn Technologies Holdings, Ltd. (“XConn”), a provider of advanced PCIe and CXL switching silicon, which expands our switching portfolio and augments our Ultra Accelerator Link (“UALinkTM”) scale-up switch team. At acquisition close, we paid approximately $280.0 million in cash and issued approximately 2.1 million shares of our common stock.

We continue to monitor the environment for potential long-term impact on supply and demand from tariffs.

We expect that the U.S. government’s export restrictions on certain Chinese customers to continue to impact our revenue. Moreover, concerns that U.S. companies may not be reliable suppliers as a result of these and other actions has caused, and may in the future cause, some of our customers in China to amass large inventories of our products well in advance of need or cause some of our customers to replace our products in favor of products from other suppliers. Customers in China may also choose to develop indigenous solutions, as replacements for products that are subject to U.S. export controls. In addition, there may be indirect impacts to our business that we cannot easily quantify such as the fact that some of our other customers’ products which use our solutions may also be impacted by export restrictions. See also Part I, Item IA, “Risk Factors,” including, but not limited to, the risk detailed under the caption “Adverse changes in the political, regulatory and economic policies of governments in connection with trade with China and Chinese customers have reduced the demand for our products and damaged our business.”

49

Table of Contents

Government Incentives and Grants. We continue to benefit from lower income tax rates in certain jurisdictions through statutory elections or agreements with governmental agencies, which may include a commitment to maintain, or increase, headcount and business investment levels in those jurisdictions. The tax benefits associated with these reduced income tax rates are recorded through our income tax provision for the periods in which such incentive tax rates are effective. However, changes in international taxation, notably the enactment by numerous countries of minimum tax legislation modeled after the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s Pillar Two tax framework, could significantly reduce the income tax benefit associated with these tax incentives. In addition, certain jurisdictions in which we operate are pursuing alternative incentive programs, which operate within the Pillar Two tax framework.

On May 1, 2025, we received notification that our application for government incentives in a foreign jurisdiction in which we operate had been approved by the necessary government agencies. For the duration of the incentive period from February 2, 2025, through February 1, 2030, qualifying expenditures and certain qualifying purchases will result in the generation of credits that will reduce qualifying cost of sales and operating expenses by the incentives earned, and the credits may be used to offset income taxes payable or be refunded in cash. We believe there is reasonable assurance that we will meet the conditions of the incentive agreement and that the credits will ultimately be received and thus have recognized benefits associated with qualifying expenditures incurred in the current fiscal year.

Ultimate realization of the incentives is subject to satisfying certain minimum investment levels over the course of the incentive period and government agency reviews and audits of qualifying expenditures. We cannot guarantee that we will achieve the agreed upon investment levels over the incentive period and any failure to meet these investment levels or any change in the current law or government regulations may result in a clawback of some or all of the incentives and a corresponding reversal of any benefit recognized.

Capital Return Program. We remain committed to delivering stockholder value through our stock repurchase and dividend programs. Under the program authorized by our Board of Directors, we may repurchase shares of our common stock in the open-market or through privately negotiated transactions. On September 24, 2025, we executed an accelerated share repurchase agreement (“ASR Agreement”) with a counterparty financial institution to repurchase shares of our common stock in exchange for an upfront payment of $1.0 billion. See “Note 10 – Stockholders’ Equity” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information. The extent to which we repurchase our stock and the timing of such repurchases will depend upon market conditions, legal rules and regulations, and other corporate considerations, as determined by our management team. During fiscal 2026, we repurchased 26.6 million shares of our common stock for $2.0 billion. As of January 31, 2026, $5.5 billion remained available for future stock repurchases.

We returned $2.2 billion to stockholders in fiscal 2026 through $2.0 billion in repurchases of our common stock and $205.1 million in cash dividends.

Cash and Short-Term Investments. Our cash and cash equivalents were $2.6 billion at January 31, 2026, which were $1.7 billion higher than our balance at February 1, 2025 of $948.3 million.

Sales and Customer Composition. We regularly monitor the creditworthiness of our distributor and direct customers, and believe these distributors’ sales to diverse end customers and geographies further serve to mitigate our exposure to credit risk.

Most of our sales are made to customers with operations located outside of the United States, primarily in Asia, and a majority of our products are manufactured outside the United States. Sales shipped to customers with operations in Asia represented approximately 77% of our net revenue in fiscal 2026, 75% of our net revenue in fiscal 2025 and 70% of our net revenue in fiscal 2024. Because many manufacturers and manufacturing subcontractors of our customers are located in Asia, we expect that most of our net revenue will continue to be represented by sales to our customers in that region. For risks related to our global operations, see Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” including but not limited to the risk detailed under the caption “We face additional risks due to the extent of our global operations since a majority of our products, and those of many of our customers, are manufactured and sold outside of the United States. The occurrence of any or a combination of the additional risks described below would significantly and negatively impact our business and results of operations.”

The development process for our products is long, which may cause us to experience a delay between the time we incur expenses and the time revenue is generated from these expenditures. We anticipate that the rate of new orders may vary significantly from quarter to quarter. For risks related to our sales cycle, see Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” including but not limited to the risk detailed under the caption “We are subject to order and shipment uncertainties. If we are unable to accurately predict customer demand, we may hold excess or obsolete inventory, which would reduce our gross margin. Conversely, we may have insufficient inventory or be unable to obtain the supplies or contract manufacturing capacity to meet demand, which would result in lost revenue opportunities and potential loss of market share as well as damaged customer relationships.”

50

Table of Contents

To secure capacity over the long term, we have entered into capacity reservation arrangements with certain foundries and partners. See “Note 8 – Commitments and Contingencies” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”) requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates, including those related to revenue recognition, provisions for sales returns and allowances, inventory excess and obsolescence, goodwill and other intangible assets, business combinations, restructuring, govern

[Excerpt truncated for page length; the complete text is on the linked full-MD&A page.]