UFP TECHNOLOGIES INC (UFPT)

ITEM 2:    MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Forward-looking Statements

Some of the statements contained in this Report are forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Exchange Act”). Management and representatives of UFP Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) also may from time to time make forward-looking statements. These statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties, and other factors, which may cause our or our industry’s actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements about the Company’s prospects; the demand for its products, the well-being and availability of the Company’s employees, the continuing operation of the Company’s locations, delayed payments by the Company’s customers and the potential for reduced or canceled orders; statements about expectations regarding customer inventory levels; statements about the Company’s acquisition strategies and opportunities and the Company’s growth potential and strategies for growth; expectations regarding customer demand; expectations regarding the Company’s liquidity and capital resources, including the sufficiency of its cash reserves and the availability of borrowing capacity to fund operations and/or potential future acquisitions; anticipated revenues and the timing of such revenues; expectations about shifting the Company’s book of business to higher-margin, longer-run opportunities; anticipated trends and potential advantages in the different markets in which the Company competes, including the medical and non-medical, and the Company’s plans to expand in certain of its markets; statements regarding anticipated advantages the Company expects to realize from its investments and capital expenditures; statements regarding anticipated advantages to improvements and alterations at the Company’s existing plants; expectations regarding the Company’s manufacturing capacity, operating efficiencies, and new production equipment; expectations that the Company will receive reimbursement for tariff-related costs in the form of vendor credits from suppliers that previously passed such tariffs through to the Company, whether directly or through price increases; statements about new product offerings and program launches; statements about the Company’s participation and growth in multiple markets; statements about the Company’s business opportunities; and any indication that the Company may be able to sustain or increase its net sales, earnings or earnings per share, or its sales, earnings or earnings per share growth rates.

Investors are cautioned that such forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that could adversely affect the Company’s business and prospects, and otherwise cause actual results to differ materially from those anticipated by such forward-looking statements, or otherwise, including without limitation: our financial condition and results of operations, including risks relating to substantially decreased demand for the Company’s products; risks relating to the potential closure of any of the Company’s facilities or the unavailability of key personnel or other employees; risks that the Company’s inventory, cash reserves, liquidity or capital resources may be insufficient; risks relating to delayed payments by our customers and the potential for reduced or canceled orders; risks related to customer concentration; risks related to global conflict or civil unrest to the efficacy or cost of our manufacturing process and supply chain; risks associated with the identification of suitable acquisition candidates and the successful, efficient execution of acquisition transactions, the integration of any such acquisition candidates, the value of those acquisitions to our customers and shareholders, and the financing of such acquisitions; risks related to our indebtedness and compliance with covenants contained in our financing arrangements, and whether any available financing may be sufficient to address our needs; risks associated with efforts to shift the Company’s book of business to higher-margin, longer-run opportunities; risks associated with the Company’s entry into and growth in certain markets; risks and uncertainties associated with seeking and implementing manufacturing efficiencies and implementing new production equipment; risks associated with governmental regulations and/or sanctions affecting the import and export of products, including tariffs, global trade barriers, additional taxes, tariff increases or uncertainties, cash repatriation restrictions, retaliations and boycotts between the U.S. and other countries; risks associated with domestic, regional and global political risks and uncertainties; risks associated with the U.S. and Iran conflict; risks and uncertainties associated with growth of the Company’s business and increases to sales, earnings and earnings per share; risks relating to cybersecurity, including cyber-attacks on the Company’s information technology infrastructure, products, suppliers, customers and partners, and cybersecurity-related regulations, and the potential consequences of the Cyber Incident (as defined in Item 1C, Cybersecurity in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025) could result in data or financial loss, reputational harm, business disruption, damage to our relationships with customers, consumers, employees and third parties on which we rely, litigation, regulatory investigations, enforcement actions or other negative impacts under cybersecurity related regulations or otherwise; risks associated with our or third-party use of artificial intelligence technologies; risks associated with new product and program launches; risks relating to our performance and the performance of our counterparties under the agreements we have entered into; the risk that our two largest customers, on whom we depend for a substantial portion of our annual revenues, will not purchase the expected

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volume of goods under the supply agreements we have entered into with them because, among other things, they no longer require the products at all or to the degree they anticipated or because, among other things, our largest customer, decides to manufacture the products itself or through one of its affiliates it obtains the products from other listed suppliers specified in our agreement; the risk that we will not achieve expected rebates under the applicable supply agreement; and risks relating to our ability to maintain increased levels of production at profitable levels, if at all; or to continue to increase production rates and risks relating to disruptions and delays in our supply chain or labor force. Accordingly, actual results may differ materially.

In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terms such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “could,” “would,” “expects,” “plans,” “anticipates,” “believes,” “estimates,” “projects,” “predicts,” “potential,” and similar expressions intended to identify forward-looking statements. Our actual results could be different from the results described in or anticipated by our forward-looking statements due to the inherent uncertainty of estimates, forecasts, and projections, and may be materially better or worse than anticipated. Given these uncertainties, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements represent our current beliefs, estimates and assumptions and are only as of the date of this Report. We expressly disclaim any duty to provide updates to forward-looking statements, and the estimates and assumptions associated with them, after the date of this Report, in order to reflect changes in circumstances or expectations, or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except to the extent required by applicable securities laws. All of the forward-looking statements are qualified in their entirety by reference to the factors discussed above and under “Risk Factors” set forth in Part I Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025, as well as the risks and uncertainties discussed elsewhere in this Report and our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. We qualify all of our forward-looking statements by these cautionary statements. We caution you that these risks are not exhaustive. We operate in a continually changing business environment and new risks emerge from time to time.

Unless the context requires otherwise, the terms “we”, “us”, “our”, or “the Company” refer to UFP Technologies, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Overview

UFP Technologies is a trusted contract development and manufacturing organization specializing in comprehensive solutions for medical devices, sterile packaging and other highly engineered custom products. Our single-use and single-patient devices and components are used across a wide range of medical products in segments including robotic assisted surgery, patient beds, infection control, cardiovascular, orthopedics and spine and wound care.

Our current strategy includes further organic growth and growth through strategic acquisitions.

Net sales for the six months ended June 30, 2026 increased 9.6% to $328.2 million from $299.3 million in the same period last year. The increase was largely due to growth in sales in our Surfaces and Support, Cardiovascular, Infection Control, and Orthopedics sub-markets. Organic sales growth for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026 was 12.4% and 6.8%, respectively. Net sales from our largest two customers were 26.2% and 21.0% of our total net sales during the three months ended June 30, 2026, respectively, and 25.5% and 21.5% of our total net sales during the six months ended June 30, 2026, respectively.

In 2025, we executed a post-acquisition review of our AJR Enterprises, LLC (“AJR”) labor force’s United States employment eligibility through E-Verify protocols. This review has resulted in significant workforce turnover during the year (the "AJR Labor Issue"). Attention spent by experienced employees training new direct and indirect employees in our standards and policies has decreased productivity and therefore has created inefficiencies in our AJR operations. To address the AJR Labor Issue, we recruited legally eligible replacement associates.

Impact of Tariffs

In 2025, the United States imposed increased tariffs on foreign imports, including all the countries in which we manufacture goods outside the United States and also the countries in which our customers operate. In February 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that these tariffs levied under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (“IEEPA”) are unconstitutional. As a result of this ruling, the U.S. Court of International Trade issued an order directing the U.S. Customs and Border Protection (“CBP”) agency to begin formalizing a process for refunds. On April 20, 2026, the CBP launched an online portal that can be used to submit IEEPA tariff refund requests. Since then, the U.S. has launched tariffs under different authorities. Given that the tariff landscape created by the current administration remains dynamic, we continue to adapt to the changes and manage new requirements. We believe this will remain dynamic in the near future and we will continue to monitor and manage.

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Cyber Incident

On or about February 14, 2026, we detected the Cyber Incident (as defined in Item 1C, Cybersecurity in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025). As of the date hereof, the incident has not had a material impact on our financial systems, operations o

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ITEM 7.     MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Overview

UFP Technologies, Inc. is a contract development and manufacturing organization that specializes in single-use and single-patient medical devices. We are a vital link in the medical device supply chain and a valued outsourcing partner to many of the world's top medical device manufacturers. Our single-use and single-patient devices and components are used in a wide range of medical devices and packaging for minimally invasive surgery, infection prevention, wound care, wearables, orthopedic soft goods, and orthopedic implants.

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Our current strategy includes further organic growth and growth through strategic acquisitions.

Net sales for the year ended December 31, 2025 increased 19.5% to $602.8 million from $504.4 million in the same period last year. The increase was primarily attributable to 23.2% growth in sales to customers in the medical market, which was largely due to sales from the companies we acquired in 2024 and 2025 (See Note 2 for further information regarding these acquisitions). These companies collectively contributed approximately $168.3 million in sales for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $73.1 million in the same period last year. Organic sales growth was 1.5% for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024. Net sales from our largest two customers, Intuitive Surgical SARL and Stryker Corporation, were 24.3% and 21.5%, respectively, of our total net sales for the year ended December 31, 2025. Intuitive Surgical SARL and Stryker comprised approximately 29.2% and 15.4%, respectively, of our net sales for the year ended December 31, 2024.

In 2025, we executed a post-acquisition review of our AJR labor force’s United States employment eligibility through E-Verify protocols. This review has resulted in significant workforce turnover during the year (the "AJR Labor Issue"). Attention spent by experienced employees training new direct and indirect employees in our standards and policies has decreased productivity and therefore, has created inefficiencies in our AJR operations. To address the AJR Labor Issue, we recruited legally eligible replacement associates. We estimate that the AJR Labor Issue added over $6.3 million in incremental labor cost to our cost-of-sales for year ended December 31, 2025.

Impact of Tariffs

In 2025, the United States imposed increased tariffs on foreign imports into the United States, including all the countries in which we manufacture goods outside the United States and also the countries in which our customers operate. Although agreements have been made with various countries, the tariff policy environment remains dynamic, particularly in light of recent Supreme Court decisions, and we cannot predict what additional actions may ultimately be taken by the United States or other governments with respect to tariffs or trade relations, including retaliatory trade measures taken by other countries in response to existing or future United States tariffs or other measures. We estimate that tariffs not reimbursed by customers were immaterial to our 2025 results.

Cyber Incident

On or about February 14, 2026, the Company detected the Cyber Incident (as defined in Item 1C, Cybersecurity). As of the date hereof, the incident has not had a material impact on the Company’s financial systems, operations or financial condition. While the Company’s investigation and assessment of this incident is ongoing, as of the date of this filing, the Company believes its primary IT systems are operational in all material respects and the Company does not believe the incident is reasonably likely to materially impact the Company’s financial condition or results of operations. There can be no assurance that the Cyber Incident or any future cybersecurity incidents will not have a material impact on the Company’s future operations, financial systems or financial condition. See Item 1A “Risk Factors” under the headings “Security breaches, including cybersecurity incidents and other disruptions could compromise our information, expose us to liability and harm our reputation and business” and “We experienced a material information technology (“IT”) systems incident in February 2026, which could result in a number of potentially unknown outcomes, including but not limited to, litigation, regulatory investigations or enforcement actions, or reputational harm, any of which could have a material impact on our business operations, financial condition, or results of operations,” and the discussion in Item 1C, Cybersecurity.

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Results of Operations

The following table sets forth, for the years indicated, the percentage of net sales represented by the items as shown in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income:

2025 Compared to 2024

Net Sales

Net sales increased 19.5% to $602.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, from net sales of $504.4 million for the same period in 2024. The increase in net sales is primarily due to increased sales to customers in the medical market of 23.2%. This increase includes sales from the companies we acquired in 2024 and 2025, which collectively contributed approximately $168.3 million in sales during the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to $73.1 million in the same period last year.

Gross profit as a percentage of net sales (“Gross Margin”) decreased to 28.3% for the year ended December 31, 2025, from 29.1% in 2024. As a percentage of net sales, material costs decreased 3.0% while overhead and labor costs collectively increased 3.8%. Absent the impact on Gross Margins from the AJR Labor Issue, gross margins for the year ended December 31, 2025 would have been 29.3%.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses (“SG&A”) increased approximately 24.5% to $77.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2025, from $62.2 million in 2024. The increase is primarily attributable to increased headcount and other back-office resources for the year ended December 31, 2025 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2024. SG&A from our 2024 and 2025 acquisitions collectively contributed approximately $17.8 million in SG&A during the year ended December 31, 2025, as compared to $7.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2024. As a percentage of sales, SG&A increased to 12.8% for the year ended December 31, 2025, from 12.3% for the same period last year.

Acquisition Costs

We incurred approximately $0.3 million in costs associated with acquisition related activities which were charged to expense for the year ended December 31, 2025, as compared to $2.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. These costs were primarily for legal, due diligence and valuation services and are reflected on the face of the consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Change in fair value of contingent consideration

In connection with the acquisitions of Welch and Marble in 2024, and DAS Medical in 2021, we are required to make contingent payments, subject to the entities achieving certain financial performance thresholds. The total potential contingent consideration payments for the Welch, Marble and DAS Medical acquisitions were $6.0 million, $0.5 million,

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and $20.0 million, respectively, as of each acquisition date. The fair value of the liability for the contingent consideration payments recognized upon the acquisition as part of the purchase accounting opening balance sheets totaled approximately $0.8 million, $0.4 million and $5.2 million for the Welch, Marble and the DAS Medical acquisitions, respectively, and was estimated by discounting to present value the probability-weighted contingent payments expected to be made. Assumptions used in the initial calculation were management’s financial forecasts, discount rate and various volatility factors. The ultimate settlement of contingent consideration could deviate from current estimates based on the actual results of these financial measures. Contingent consideration is considered to be a Level 3 financial liability that is re-measured each reporting period. We paid approximately $5.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2025, related to contingent consideration. The fair value of the liability for the contingent consideration payments recognized at December 31, 2025 totaled approximately $5.3 million out of the remaining potential payments of $7.3 million. The change in fair value of contingent consideration for the Welch, Marble, and DAS Medical acquisitions resulted in an expense of approximately $0.3 million and $1.0 million, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024. The change in fair value of contingent consideration for the acquisitions is included in change in fair value of contingent consideration in the condensed consolidated statements of comprehensive income.

Interest expense, net

Net interest expense was approximately $9.8 million and $8.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in net interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2025 was primarily due to higher average debt in 2025 as compared to 2024. Interest income was immaterial.

Other Expense (Income)

Other expense was less than $0.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2025. Other income was $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The changes in other expense (income) are primarily generated by equity method investment income in 2025 and foreign currency transaction gains/losses in both 2025 and 2024.

Income Taxes

We recorded income tax expense, as a percentage of income before income tax expense, of 17.2% for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to 19.2% for the same period in 2024. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the current period as compared to the prior period is largely due to a shift in mix or pre-tax income to jurisdictions where we are taxed at a favorable rate as well as increased discrete tax benefits associated with vested equity and a state tax refund.

The effective tax rate for the year differs from the federal statutory rate of 21% due to favorable rates in foreign countries, federal deductions available for certain exported goods and federal credits, offset by state income taxes and disallowed compensation under section 162M of the Internal Revenue Code.

We note the potential for volatility in our effective tax rate, as any windfall or shortfall tax benefits related to our share-based compensation plans will be recorded directly into income tax expense.

For more information about the Company’s results of operations of 2024 compared to 2023, see the section titled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Results of Operations — 2024 Compared to 2023” in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on March 3, 2025.

Liquidity and Capital Reso

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