Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. (WBD)

ITEM 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is a supplement to and should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes. This section provides additional information regarding our businesses, current developments, results of operations, cash flows and financial condition. Additional context can also be found in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2025 (the “2025 Form 10-K”).

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

Warner Bros. Discovery is a leading global media and entertainment company that creates and distributes a differentiated and comprehensive portfolio of content and products across television, film, streaming, interactive gaming, publishing, themed experiences, and consumer products through brands including: Discovery Channel, HBO Max, CNN, DC Studios, TNT Sports, HBO, Food Network, TLC, TBS, Warner Bros. Motion Picture Group, Warner Bros. Television Group, Warner Bros. Games, Adult Swim, Turner Classic Movies, and others.

We are home to one of the largest collections of owned content in the world with assets and intellectual property across sports, news, lifestyle, and entertainment in most languages and regions of the globe. We create some of the best-in-class content using our renowned library, beloved franchises, and acclaimed creative expertise to serve our audiences and consumers. Our asset mix strongly positions us to execute our key strategies: grow our streaming business globally, enhance our Studios segment, and manage our linear networks for the best possible success in order to create long-term value for our stockholders.

In the first quarter of 2025, the Company renamed its DTC reportable segment to Streaming and its Networks reportable segment to Global Linear Networks.

Termination of Netflix Merger

On January 19, 2026, the Company entered into an amended and restated agreement and plan of merger, by and among the Company, Netflix, Inc. (“Netflix”), Nightingale Sub, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Netflix, and New Topco 25, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of WBD (the “Netflix Merger Agreement”), pursuant to which Netflix would have acquired the Streaming and Studios segments (subject to certain deviations) and certain other assets and liabilities, including the Company’s film and television studios, HBO Max, and HBO, following the separation and distribution of Discovery Global to the Company’s stockholders (the “Separation Transaction”).

Following the board of directors’ determination that it had received a “Company Superior Proposal,” as defined in the Netflix Merger Agreement, from Paramount Skydance Corporation (“PSKY”) and Netflix’s waiver of its right to propose revisions to the Netflix Merger Agreement, on February 27, 2026, in accordance with the terms of the Netflix Merger Agreement, the Company terminated the Netflix Merger Agreement in connection with entering into the PSKY Merger Agreement (as defined below). As a result of the termination of the Netflix Merger Agreement, PSKY, on behalf of the Company, paid Netflix a termination fee of $2.8 billion in cash (the “Netflix Termination Fee”) as required by the terms of the Netflix Merger Agreement. During the three months ended March 31, 2026, the Company recorded an expense for the Netflix Termination Fee in the consolidated statements of operations. The amount paid by PSKY is reimbursable by the Company to PSKY in certain circumstances in the event the PSKY Merger Agreement is terminated, and therefore has been recorded in accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

PSKY Merger

On February 27, 2026, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, by and among the Company, PSKY and Prince Sub Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of PSKY (“Merger Sub”) (as may be amended from time to time, the “PSKY Merger Agreement”), pursuant to which and subject to the terms and conditions therein, at the effective time, Merger Sub will merge with and into WBD, with WBD surviving as a wholly owned subsidiary of PSKY (the “PSKY Merger”).

Upon completion of the PSKY Merger, each issued and outstanding share of WBD’s Series A common stock (“WBD Common Stock”) (subject to certain exceptions) will be converted into the right to receive an amount in cash equal to $31.00, without interest, plus, if the closing date of the PSKY Merger occurs after September 30, 2026, the Ticking Consideration (together, the “Merger Consideration”). The “Ticking Consideration” will be an amount in cash equal to $0.00277778 multiplied by the number of calendar days elapsed after September 30, 2026 to and including the closing date (which, for the avoidance of doubt, will not exceed $0.25 per 90 calendar day period).

Concurrently with the execution of the PSKY Merger Agreement, Larry J. Ellison and an affiliated trust entered into a guarantee in favor of WBD to, among other things, jointly and severally guarantee certain payments by PSKY under the PSKY Merger Agreement, including $45.72 billion of the aggregate Merger Consideration, and assist WBD with the consummation of the PSKY Merger.

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On April 23, 2026, WBD stockholders approved the adoption of the PSKY Merger Agreement. The completion of the PSKY Merger is subject to customary closing conditions, including regulatory clearances. In addition, PSKY’s obligation to consummate the PSKY Merger is subject to WBD not having completed the separation of its Streaming & Studios business from its Global Linear Networks business nor having declared or made any dividend to WBD’s stockholders to effectuate the separation. There can be no assurance that the PSKY Merger will occur in accordance with the expected plans or anticipated timeline, or at all.

The PSKY Merger Agreement contains certain customary termination rights for WBD and PSKY, including, without limitation, a right for either party to terminate if the PSKY Merger is not completed on or before March 4, 2027, subject to an extension to June 4, 2027 in certain circumstances as specified in the PSKY Merger Agreement. Termination under specified circumstances will require WBD to pay PSKY a termination fee of $3.0 billion and reimburse PSKY for (i) any payment made by PSKY, which will in no event be more than $1,528 million, in connection with WBD’s obligation to complete the Junior Lien Exchange Offer by December 30, 2026 and (ii) the Netflix Termination Fee, or PSKY to pay WBD a termination fee of $7.0 billion. Additionally, the PSKY Merger Agreement provides for customary pre-closing covenants of WBD, including covenants relating to conducting its business in the ordinary course consistent with past practice and to refrain from taking certain actions without PSKY’s consent.

Reportable Segments

As of March 31, 2026, we classified our operations in three reportable segments:

•Streaming - Our Streaming segment primarily consists of our premium pay-TV and streaming services.

•Studios - Our Studios segment primarily consists of the production and release of feature films for initial exhibition in theaters, production and initial licensing of television programs to third parties and our networks/streaming services, distribution of our films and television programs to various third party and internal television and streaming services, distribution through the home entertainment market (physical and digital), related consumer products and themed experience licensing, and interactive gaming.

•Global Linear Networks - Our Global Linear Networks segment primarily consists of our domestic and international television networks.

Our segment presentation is aligned with our management structure and the financial information management uses to make decisions about operating matters, such as the allocation of resources and business performance assessments.

INDUSTRY TRENDS

Headwinds in the industry, such as continued pressures on linear distribution and declines in linear subscribers and continued softness in the U.S. linear advertising market, have had, and are expected to continue to have, a material impact on the operations and results of the Company, including a negative impact on the results of operations attributed to declines in linear advertising revenue. The increase of digital advertising inventory available in the marketplace has also resulted in, and is expected to continue to result in, increased competition for advertising expenditures for both traditional linear networks and ad-supported tiers in streaming services. In addition, the imposition of tariffs by the U.S. government and any retaliatory tariffs from foreign governments, including tariffs directly or indirectly applicable to our industry, may negatively impact our operations and results, including by leading to higher productions costs or decreased spending by advertisers whose expenditures are sensitive to such actions or to general economic conditions. We continue to closely monitor the ongoing impact of industry trends to our business; however, the full effects on our operations and results will depend on future developments, which are highly uncertain and cannot be predicted.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Foreign Exchange Impacting Comparability

The impact of exchange rates on our business is an important factor in understanding period-to-period comparisons of our results. For example, our international revenues are favorably impacted as the U.S. dollar weakens relative to other foreign currencies and unfavorably impacted as the U.S. dollar strengthens relative to other foreign currencies. We believe the presentation of results on a constant currency basis (“ex-FX”), in addition to results reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP provides useful information about our operating performance because the presentation ex-FX excludes the effects of foreign currency volatility and highlights our core operating results. The presentation of results on a constant currency basis should be considered in addition to, but not a substitute for, measures of financial performance reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The ex-FX change represents the percentage change on a period-over-period basis adjusted for foreign currency impacts. The ex-FX change is calculated as the difference between the current year amounts translated at a baseline rate, which is a spot rate for each of our currencies determined early in the fiscal year as part of our forecasting process (the “2026 Baseline Rate”), and the prior year amounts translated at the same 2026 Baseline Rate. In addition, consistent with the assumption of a constant currency environment, our ex-FX results exclude the impact of our foreign currency hedging activities, as well as realized and unrealized foreign currency transaction gains and losses. Results on a constant currency basis, as we present them, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

Consolidated Results of Operations

The table below presents our consolidated results of operations (in millions).

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ITEM 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is a supplement to and should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and related notes. This section provides additional information regarding our businesses, current developments, results of operations, cash flows, financial condition, contractual commitments, critical accounting policies, and estimates that require significant judgment and thus have the most significant potential impact on our consolidated financial statements. This discussion and analysis is intended to better allow investors to view the company from management’s perspective.

This section provides an analysis of our financial results for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2025 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024. A discussion of our results of operations and liquidity for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023 can be found under Item 7 in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed on February 27, 2025, which is available free of charge on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov and our Investor Relations website at ir.wbd.com. The information contained on our website is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is not incorporated by reference herein.

BUSINESS OVERVIEW

Warner Bros. Discovery is a leading global media and entertainment company that creates and distributes a differentiated and comprehensive portfolio of content and products across television, film, streaming, interactive gaming, publishing, themed experiences, and consumer products through brands including: Discovery Channel, HBO Max, CNN, DC Studios, TNT Sports, HBO, Food Network, TLC, TBS, Warner Bros. Motion Picture Group, Warner Bros. Television Group, Warner Bros. Games, Adult Swim, Turner Classic Movies, and others. For a discussion of our global portfolio see our business overview set forth in Item 1, “Business” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

In connection with the WarnerMedia Merger, we have announced and taken actions to implement projects to achieve cost synergies for the Company. We finalized the framework supporting our ongoing restructuring and transformation initiatives during the year ended December 31, 2022, which included, among other things, strategic content programming assessments, organization restructuring, facility consolidation activities, and other contract termination costs. At that time, we expected to incur approximately $4,100 - $5,300 million in pre-tax restructuring charges, of which we incurred $4,662 million as of December 31, 2024. While our restructuring efforts are ongoing, the WarnerMedia Merger-related restructuring program was substantially completed at the end of 2024. During 2023, we initiated a strategic realignment plan associated with our Warner Bros. Pictures Animation group. During 2024, we initiated two additional restructuring initiatives - an organizational and personnel restructuring plan and a restructuring initiative associated with our Warner Bros. Games group. During 2025, we initiated restructuring plans related to the previously proposed Separation Transaction.

As of December 31, 2025, we classified our operations in three reportable segments:

•Streaming - Our Streaming segment primarily consists of our premium pay-TV and streaming services.

•Studios - Our Studios segment primarily consists of the production and release of feature films for initial exhibition in theaters, production and initial licensing of television programs to third parties and our networks/streaming services, distribution of our films and television programs to various third party and internal television and streaming services, distribution through the home entertainment market (physical and digital), related consumer products and themed experience licensing, and interactive gaming.

•Global Linear Networks - Our Global Linear Networks segment primarily consists of our domestic and international television networks.

Our segment presentation was aligned with our management structure and the financial information management uses to make decisions about operating matters, such as the allocation of resources and business performance assessments.

For further discussion of financial information for our segments and the geographical areas in which we do business, our content development activities, and revenues, see our business overview set forth in Item 1, “Business” and Note 23 to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Foreign Exchange Impacting Comparability

The impact of exchange rates on our business is an important factor in understanding period-to-period comparisons of our results. For example, our international revenues are favorably impacted as the U.S. dollar weakens relative to other foreign currencies, and unfavorably impacted as the U.S. dollar strengthens relative to other foreign currencies. We believe the presentation of results on a constant currency basis (“ex-FX”), in addition to results reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP provides useful information about our operating performance because the presentation ex-FX excludes the effects of foreign currency volatility and highlights our core operating results. The presentation of results on a constant currency basis should be considered in addition to, but not a substitute for, measures of financial performance reported in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The ex-FX change represents the percentage change on a period-over-period basis adjusted for foreign currency impacts. The ex-FX change is calculated as the difference between the current year amounts translated at a baseline rate, which is a spot rate for each of our currencies determined early in the fiscal year as part of our forecasting process (the “2025 Baseline Rate”), and the prior year amounts translated at the same 2025 Baseline Rate. In addition, consistent with the assumption of a constant currency environment, our ex-FX results exclude the impact of our foreign currency hedging activities, as well as realized and unrealized foreign currency transaction gains and losses. Results on a constant currency basis, as we present them, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.

Consolidated Results of Operations – 2025 vs. 2024

Our consolidated results of operations for 2025 and 2024 were as follows (in millions).

NM - Not meaningful

Unless otherwise indicated, the discussion of percent changes below is on an ex-FX basis. The ex-FX percent changes of line items below operating loss in the table above are not included as the activity is principally in U.S. dollars.

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Revenues

Distribution revenues are generated from fees charged to network distributors, which include cable, DTH satellite, telecommunications and digital service providers, and streaming subscribers. The largest component of distribution revenue is comprised of linear distribution rights to our networks from cable, DTH satellite, and telecommunication service providers. We have contracts with distributors representing most cable and satellite service providers around the world, including the largest operators in the U.S. and major international distributors. Distribution revenues are largely dependent on the rates negotiated in the agreements, the number of subscribers that receive our networks, the number of platforms covered in the distribution agreement, and the market demand for the content that we provide. From time to time, renewals of multi-year carriage agreements include significant year one market adjustments to reset subscriber rates. In some cases, we have provided distributors launch incentives, in the form of cash payments or free periods, to carry our networks.

Distribution revenue decreased 2% in 2025, primarily attributable to an 9% decline in Networks domestic linear subscribers and the impact of the previously disclosed domestic wholesale deal renewal that occurred in the second quarter of 2025, partially offset by a 13% increase in streaming subscribers as a result of continued growth and global expansion of HBO Max and a 3% increase in domestic contractual affiliate rates.

Advertising revenues are principally generated from the sale of commercial time on linear (television networks and authenticated TVE applications) and digital platforms (streaming subscription services and websites), and sold primarily on a national basis in the U.S. and on a pan-regional or local-language feed basis outside the U.S. Advertising contracts generally have a term of one year or less. Advertising revenue is dependent upon a number of factors, including the number of subscribers to our channels, viewership demographics, the popularity of our content, our ability to sell commercial time over a group of channels, the stage of development of television markets, and the popularity of free-to-air television. Revenue from advertising is subject to seasonality, market-based variations, the mix in sales of commercial time between the upfront and scatter markets, and general economic conditions. Advertising revenue is typically highest in the second and fourth quarters. In some cases, advertising sales are subject to ratings guarantees that require us to provide additional advertising time if the guaranteed audience levels are not achieved. We also generate revenue from the sale of advertising through our digital platforms on a stand-alone basis and as part of advertising packages with our television networks.

Advertising revenue decreased 11% in 2025, primarily attributable to audience declines in domestic linear networks of 25%, partially offset by an increase in domestic HBO Max ad-lite subscribers.

Content revenues are generated from the release of feature films for initial exhibition in theaters, production of programs licensed for initial television/SVOD exhibition, the additional licensing of feature films and television programs to various television, SVOD and other digital markets, distribution of feature films and television programs in the physical and digital home entertainment market, sales of console games and mobile in-game content, sublicensing of sports rights, and licensing of intellectual property such as characters and brands.

Content revenue decreased 7% in 2025, primarily attributable to sublicensing of Olympic sports rights in Europe, which had a favorable impact of $576 million on content revenue in 2024, lower initial telecast revenue due to fewer deliveries, and a decrease in games revenue due to lower carryover and fewer releases in 2025, partially offset by an increase in theatrical product revenue due to higher film rental revenue.

Other revenue primarily consists of studio production services and tours, and decreased 15% in 2025.

Costs of Revenues

Our principal component of costs of revenues is content expense. Content expense includes television/digital series, specials, films, games, and sporting events. Amortization related to both historical cost basis and any fair value adjustments to content arising from business combinations is included in costs of revenues. The costs of producing a content asset and bringing that asset to market consist of production costs, participation costs, and exploitation costs.

Costs of revenues decreased 9% in 2025, primarily attributable to the broadcast of the Olympics in 2024, which had an unfavorable impact to costs of revenues of $664 million in 2024, lower games content expense due to impairments of $384 million in the prior year and lower content expense commensurate with lower revenue in 2025, and lower content expense related to the amortization of purchase accounting fair value step-up for content, partially offset by higher international content costs to support HBO Max launches and higher theatrical content expense commensurate with higher revenue.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses consist principally of employee costs, marketing costs, research costs, occupancy, and back office support fees.

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 1% in 2025, primarily attributable to higher overhead costs, partially offset by lower marketing costs.

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Depreciation and Amortization

Depreciation and amortization expense includes depreciation of fixed assets and amortization of finite-lived intangible assets.

Depreciation and amortization decreased 19% in 2025, primarily attributable to intangible assets acquired in connection with the WarnerMedia Merger that are being amortized using the sum of the months’ digits method and the end of the useful life for certain intangible assets, partially offset by the shortening of the useful lives of certain intangible assets. (See Note 5 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Restructuring and Other Charges

Restructuring and other charges decreased 11% in 2025. Restructuring and other charges primarily includes contract terminations, facility consolidation activities, organizational restructuring, and other charges. (See Note 6 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Impairments and Loss on Dispositions

Impairments and loss on dispositions were $172 million and $9,603 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The loss in 2024 was primarily attributable to a $9,147 million non-cash goodwill impairment charge related to the Global Linear Networks reporting unit during the second quarter of 2024 and $411 million right-of-use asset (“ROU asset”) impairment charges primarily related to the Hudson Yards, New York office lease. Impairments in 2025 were primarily attributable to an additional $112 million ROU asset impairment charge related to the Hudson Yards, New York office lease. (See Note 5 and Note 12 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Interest Expense, net

Actual interest expense, net increased $68 million in 2025, primarily attributable by higher interest costs associated with the Bridge Loan Facility, partially offset by lower debt during the year. (See Note 11 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Gain on Extinguishment of Debt

During 2025, the Company commenced and completed the Tender Offers (as defined herein) by purchasing senior notes and debentures in the aggregate principal amount of $17,665 million and recorded a gain on extinguishment of debt of approximately $2,959 million. (See Note 11 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Loss from Equity Investees, net

Actual losses from our equity method investees were $24 million and $121 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The losses are attributable to our share of earnings and losses from our equity investees. (See Note 10 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Other Income, net

Other income, net was $65 million and $150 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. (See Note 18 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense was $890 million and $94 million, and the Company’s effective tax rate was 54% and (1)% for 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in income tax expense in 2025 was primarily attributable to an increase in pre-tax book income, including a $2,959 million gain recognized in connection with the Tender Offers in 2025, as well as the absence of a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $9,147 million recorded in 2024, the majority of which was not deductible for tax purposes (See Note 5 and Note 11).

Income tax expense for 2025 reflects an effective income tax rate that differs from the federal statutory tax rate primarily attributable to the effect of foreign operations and changes in unrecognized tax benefits.

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development’s (“OECD”) Pillar Two Global Anti-Base Erosion (“GloBE”) model rules, issued under the OECD Inclusive Framework on Base Erosion and Profit Shifting, introduce a global minimum tax of 15% applicable to multinational enterprise groups with consolidated financial statement revenue in excess of €750 million. Numerous foreign jurisdictions have already enacted tax legislation based on the GloBE rules, with some effective as early as January 1, 2024. As of December 31, 2025, we recognized an immaterial income tax expense for Pillar Two GloBE minimum tax. The Company is continuously monitoring the evolving application of this legislation and assessing its potential impact on our future tax liability.

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Segment Results of Operations – 2025 vs. 2024

The Company evaluates the operating performance of its operating segments based on financial measures such as revenues and Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as operating income excluding:

•employee share-based compensation;

•depreciation and amortization;

•restructuring and facility consolidation;

•certain impairment charges;

•gains and losses on business and asset dispositions;

•third-party transaction and integration costs;

•amortization of purchase accounting fair value step-up for content;

•amortization of capitalized interest for content; and

•other items impacting comparability.

Management believes that Adjusted EBITDA is an appropriate measure for evaluating the operating performance of the Company’s operating segments because it is the primary measure used by the Company’s CODM to assess the operating results and performance of the segments, perform analytical comparisons, identify strategies to improve performance, and allocate resources to each segment. (See Note 23 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

The table below presents our Adjusted EBITDA by segment (in millions).

Supplemental Streaming & Studios and Global Linear Networks Division Information

The following tables present, for our Streaming & Studios and Global Linear Networks divisions, supplemental information about revenues and Adjusted EBITDA (in millions).

Revenues

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Adjusted EBITDA

Streaming Segment

The following table presents, for our Streaming segment, revenues by type, certain operating expenses, Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating loss (in millions).

Unless otherwise indicated, the discussion of percent changes below is on an ex-FX basis.

Revenues

Subscriber information (as defined under Item 1. “Business”) consisted of the following (in millions).

Distribution revenue increased 5% in 2025, primarily attributable to a 13% increase year-over-year in subscribers as a result of continued growth and global expansion of HBO Max, including new distribution deals, partially offset by the impact of the previously disclosed domestic wholesale deal renewal that occurred in the second quarter of 2025.

Advertising revenue increased 20% in 2025, primarily attributable to an increase in ad-lite subscribers, partially offset by domestic pricing pressures.

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Global ARPU consisted of the following.

Global ARPU decreased 11% in 2025, primarily attributable to broader wholesale distribution of HBO Max Basic with Ads, the impact of the previously disclosed domestic wholesale deal renewal that occurred in the second quarter of 2025, and growth in lower ARPU international markets.

Content revenue decreased 10% in 2025, primarily attributable to lower third-party licensing as a result of launching HBO Max in new international markets.

Costs of Revenues

Cost of revenues decreased 1% in 2025, primarily attributable to lower content costs due to lower sports costs and the timing of releases, partially offset by higher international content costs to support HBO Max launches.

Selling, General, and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased 4% in 2025, primarily attributable to lower marketing costs, partially offset by higher overhead expenses.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA increased $693 million in 2025.

1ARPU: The Company defines Streaming Average Revenue Per User (“ARPU”) as total subscription revenue plus net advertising revenue for the period divided by the daily average number of paying subscribers for the period. Where daily values are not available, the sum of beginning of period and end of period divided by two is used.

Excluded from the ARPU calculation are: (i) Revenue and subscribers for streaming products, other than discovery+, HBO, HBO Max, Max, a Premium Sports Product, and independently-branded, regional products (currently consisting of TVN/Player), that may be offered by us or by certain joint venture partners or affiliated parties from time to time; (ii) A limited amount of international discovery+ revenue and subscribers that are part of non-strategic partnerships or short-term arrangements as may be identified by the Company from time to time; (iii) Cinemax, Max/HBO hotel and bulk institution (i.e., subscribers billed on a bulk basis), and international basic HBO revenue and subscribers; and (iv) Users on free trials who convert to a subscription for which we have recognized subscription revenue within the first seven days of the calendar month immediately following the month in which their free trial expires.

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Studios Segment

The following table presents, for our Studios segment, revenues by type, certain operating expenses, Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating income (in millions).

Unless otherwise indicated, the discussion of percent changes below is on an ex-FX basis. The Studios discussion below also includes intra-segment revenue and expense between product lines, which represented less than 3% of total revenues and operating expenses for this segment for the year ended December 31, 2025. Intra-segment revenue and expense are eliminated at the Studios segment level.

Fluctuations in results for our Studios segment may occur due to various factors, including (but not limited to) the timing and number of new film releases each quarter, the timing of marketing expenses recognized relative to (i.e., prior to) a film’s release, and the mix of content distributed each period.

Revenues

Content revenue increased 9% in 2025, primarily attributable to a 15% increase in theatrical product revenue and a 9% increase in television product revenue, partially offset by a 32% decrease in games revenue.

•The increase in theatrical product revenue was attributable to higher film rental revenue and higher content licensing. The increase in film rental revenue was primarily due to the strong current year performance of A Minecraft Movie, Superman, F1, Conjuring: Last Rites, Sinners, Final Destination Bloodlines, and Weapons.

•The increase in television product revenue was attributable to higher inter-segment content licensing, primarily due to the timing of renewals, partially offset by lower initial telecast revenue due to fewer deliveries.

•The decrease in games revenue was attributable to lower carryover and fewer releases in 2025.

Costs of Revenues

Costs of revenues decreased 2% in 2025, primarily attributable to a 55% decrease in games content expense, partially offset by a 6% increase in television product content expense and a 6% increase in theatrical product content expense.

•The decrease in games content expense was primarily due to impairments of $384 million in the prior year and lower content expense commensurate with lower revenue and fewer releases in 2025.

•The increase in television product content expense was due to higher costs commensurate with higher content licensing due to the timing of renewals.

•The increase in theatrical content expense was primarily due to higher film costs commensurate with higher theatrical product revenue.

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Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses increased 10% in 2025, primarily attributable to higher overhead costs.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA increased 52% in 2025.

Global Linear Networks Segment

The table below presents, for our Global Linear Networks segment, revenues by type, certain operating expenses, Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating income (loss) (in millions).

Unless otherwise indicated, the discussion of percent changes below is on an ex-FX basis.

Revenues

Distribution revenue decreased 8% in 2025, primarily attributable to a 9% decline in domestic linear subscribers for the year, and to a lesser extent, lower international affiliate rates and international subscriber declines, partially offset by a 3% increase in domestic affiliate rates. Declines in linear subscribers are expected to continue.

Advertising revenue decreased 14% in 2025, primarily attributable to audience declines in domestic networks of 25% for the year.

Content revenue decreased 35% in 2025, primarily attributable to the sublicensing of Olympic sports rights in Europe, which had a favorable impact of $576 million on content revenue in 2024. Additionally, content revenue was negatively impacted by the timing of licensing renewals.

Costs of Revenues

Costs of revenues decreased 8% in 2025, primarily attributable to the broadcast of the Olympics in 2024 and the timing of content, production, and news related spend. The broadcast of the Olympics in Europe had an unfavorable impact to costs of revenues of $664 million in 2024.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased 2% in 2025, primarily attributable to lower overhead costs, partially offset by higher marketing expenses.

Adjusted EBITDA

Adjusted EBITDA decreased 21% in 2025.

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Corporate

The following table presents our Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating loss (in millions):

Corporate operations primarily consist of executive management and administrative support services, which are recorded in selling, general and administrative expense, as well as substantially all of our share-based compensation and third-party transaction and integration costs.

Adjusted EBITDA improved 15% in 2025, primarily attributable to lower facility costs due to office consolidations and closures and the release of previously recorded non-income tax reserves, partially offset by higher securitization expenses.

Inter-segment Eliminations

The following table presents our inter-segment eliminations by revenue and expense, Adjusted EBITDA and a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating loss (in millions):

Inter-segment revenue and expense eliminations primarily represent inter-segment content transactions and marketing and promotion activity between reportable segments. In our current segment structure, in certain instances, production and distribution activities are in different segments. Inter-segment content transactions are generally presented at market value (i.e., the segment producing and/or licensing the content reports revenue and profit from inter-segment transactions in a manner similar to the reporting of third-party transactions, and the required eliminations are reported on the separate “Eliminations” line when presenting our summary of segment results). Generally, timing of revenue recognition is similar to the reporting of third-party transactions. The segment distributing the content, e.g., via our streaming or linear services, capitalizes the cost of inter-segment content transactions, including “mark-ups” and amortizes the costs over the shorter of the license term, if applicable, or the expected period of use. The content amortization expense related to the inter-segment profit is also eliminated on the separate “Eliminations” line when presenting our summary of segment results.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Liquidity

Sources of Cash

Historically, we have generated a significant amount of cash from operations. During 2025, we funded our working capital needs primarily through cash flows from operations. As of December 31, 2025, we had $4,566 million of cash and cash equivalents on hand. We are a well-known seasoned issuer and have the ability to conduct registered offerings of securities, including debt securities, common stock and preferred stock, on short notice, subject to market conditions. Access to sufficient capital from the public market is not assured. We have a $4,000 million revolving credit facility and commercial paper program described below. We also participate in a revolving receivables program and an accounts receivable factoring program described below.

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•Debt

Bridge Loan Facility

During the year ended December 31, 2025, we and DGH entered into a Bridge Loan Facility with JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., DGH drew $17,000 million of the available Bridge Loan Facility to finance the early settlement of the Tender Offers, Consent Solicitations, and the repayment in full and termination of our $1,500 million 364-day senior unsecured term loan facility, and the payment of fees and expenses therewith and for general corporate purposes. The Bridge Loan Facility contains customary representations and warranties as well as affirmative and negative covenants. As of December 31, 2025, we were in compliance with all applicable covenants and there were no events of default under the Bridge Loan Facility.

Revolving Credit Facility and Commercial Paper

DCL and certain subsidiaries of the Company, as borrowers, have a multicurrency revolving credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) and have the capacity to borrow up to $4,000 million under the Credit Agreement (the “Credit Facility”). DCL may also request additional commitments up to $1,000 million from the lenders upon the satisfaction of certain conditions. In 2025, we amended the Credit Agreement to, among other things, decrease the borrowing capacity from $6,000 million to $4,000 million and provide for early termination of the Credit Agreement upon completion of the previously proposed Separation Transaction. The Credit Agreement contains customary representations and warranties as well as affirmative and negative covenants. As of December 31, 2025, we were in compliance with all covenants and there were no events of default under the Credit Agreement.

Additionally, our commercial paper program is supported by the Credit Facility. Under the commercial paper program, we may issue up to $2,000 million. In 2025, we increased the issuance capacity under the commercial paper program from $1,000 million to $2,000 million. Borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility is effectively reduced by any outstanding borrowings under the commercial paper program.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, we and DCL borrowed and repaid $4,228 million under our Credit Facility and commercial paper program. As of December 31, 2025 and 2024, we and DCL had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility or the commercial paper program.

Term Loans

During the year ended December 31, 2025, we entered into and repaid a $1,500 million 364-day senior unsecured term loan credit facility. The proceeds were used to fund the redemption of $1,500 million aggregate principal amount outstanding of DGH’s senior notes due 2026.

•Revolving Receivables Program

We have a revolving agreement to transfer up to $5,000 million of certain receivables through our bankruptcy-remote subsidiary, Warner Bros. Discovery Receivables Funding, LLC, to various financial institutions on a recurring basis in exchange for cash equal to the gross receivables transferred. We service the sold receivables for the financial institution for a fee and pay fees to the financial institution in connection with this revolving agreement. As customers pay their balances, our available capacity under this revolving agreement increases and typically we transfer additional receivables into the program. In some cases, we may have collections that have not yet been remitted to the bank, resulting in a liability. The outstanding portfolio of receivables derecognized from our consolidated balance sheets was $3,700 million as of December 31, 2025.

•Accounts Receivable Factoring

We have factoring agreements to sell certain of our non-U.S. trade accounts receivable on a limited recourse basis to a third-party financial institution. For the year ended December 31, 2025, total trade accounts receivable sold under our factoring arrangement was $257 million.

•Investments

In January 2025, we contributed a 70% interest in our music catalog to a joint venture with Cutting Edge Group

in exchange for net proceeds of $601 million. Additionally, we received proceeds from the formation of a separate joint venture of $32 million and from the sale of investments of $54 million for the year ended December 31, 2025.

•Asset Dispositions

We received proceeds from asset dispositions of $60 million during the year ended December 31, 2025.

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Uses of Cash

Our primary uses of cash include the creation and acquisition of new content, business acquisitions, income taxes, personnel costs, costs to develop and market our enhanced streaming service HBO Max, principal and interest payments on our outstanding senior notes, funding for various equity method and other investments, and repurchases of our capital stock.

•Content Acquisition

We plan to continue to invest significantly in the creation and acquisition of new content, as well as certain sports rights. Additional information regarding contractual commitments to acquire content is set forth in “Material Cash Requirements from Known Contractual and Other Obligations” in Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

•Debt

Bridge Loan Facility

During the year ended December 31, 2025, we repaid $2,000 million of aggregate principal amount outstanding of our Bridge Loan Facility. The Bridge Loan Facility was amended in February 2026 to, among other things, extend the maturity to the earlier of (x) June 30, 2027 and (y) the date that the previously proposed Separation Transaction occurs. The Bridge Loan Facility is expected to be refinanced prior to its maturity.

Senior Notes

During the year ended December 31, 2025, we repurchased or repaid $23,475 million of aggregate principal amount outstanding of our senior notes. In addition, we have $139 million of senior notes coming due in 2026.

We may from time to time seek to prepay, retire or purchase our other outstanding indebtedness through prepayments, redemptions, open market purchases, privately negotiated transactions, tender offers, exchange offers, or otherwise. Any such repurchases or exchanges will be dependent upon several factors, including our liquidity requirements, contractual restrictions, general market conditions, as well as applicable regulatory, legal and accounting factors. Whether or not we repurchase or exchange any debt and the size and timing of any such repurchases or exchanges will be determined at our discretion.

•Capital Expenditures

We effected capital expenditures of $1,231 million in 2025, including amounts capitalized to support HBO Max. We expect to continue to incur significant costs to develop and market HBO Max.

•Investments and Business Combinations

Our uses of cash have included investments in equity method investments and equity investments without readily determinable fair value. (See Note 10 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.) We also provide funding to our investees from time to time. We contributed $100 million and $109 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively, for investments in and advances to our investees.

•Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest and Noncontrolling Interest

We had redeemable equity balances of $19 million at December 31, 2025, which may require the use of cash in the event holders of noncontrolling interests put their interests to us. Distributions to noncontrolling interests and redeemable noncontrolling interests totaled $198 million and $193 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively.

•Common Stock Repurchases

Historically, we have funded our stock repurchases through a combination of cash on hand, cash generated by operations and the issuance of debt. In February 2020, our board of directors authorized additional stock repurchases of up to $2,000 million upon completion of our existing $1,000 million authorization announced in May 2019. Under the new stock repurchase authorization, management is authorized to purchase shares from time to time through open market purchases at prevailing prices or privately negotiated purchases subject to market conditions and other factors. (See Note 3 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.) There were no common stock repurchases during 2025 or 2024.

•Income Taxes and Interest

We expect to continue to make payments for income taxes and interest on our outstanding Bridge Loan Facility and senior notes. During 2025 and 2024, we made cash payments of $1,926 million and $1,113 million for income taxes and $2,295 million and $1,996 million for interest on our outstanding debt, respectively.

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Cash Flows

The following table presents changes in cash and cash equivalents (in millions).

Operating Activities

Cash provided by operating activities was $4,319 million and $5,375 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The decrease in cash provided by operating activities was primarily attributable to a decrease in net income excluding non-cash items, partially offset by an improvement in working capital activity.

Investing Activities

Cash used in investing activities was $1,179 million and $349 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in cash used in investing activities was primarily attributable to reduced proceeds from the sale of investments, increased purchases of property and equipment, and reduced proceeds from derivative instruments during the year ended December 31, 2025.

Financing Activities

Cash used in financing activities was $4,240 million and $3,749 million in 2025 and 2024, respectively. The increase in cash used in financing activities was primarily attributable to higher net debt repayments, partially offset by proceeds received for the contribution of 70% of our music catalog to a joint venture.

Capital Resources

As of December 31, 2025, capital resources were comprised of the following (in millions).

We expect that our cash balance, cash generated from operations, and availability under the Credit Agreement will be sufficient to fund our cash needs for both the short-term and the long-term. We expect to refinance the Bridge Loan Facility prior to its maturity, though we may be unable to do so on favorable terms in a timely manner or at all. Our borrowing costs and access to capital markets can be affected by short and long-term debt ratings assigned by independent rating agencies which are based, in part, on our performance as measured by credit metrics such as interest coverage and leverage ratios. Credit rating agencies may continue to review and adjust our ratings or outlook. For example, in 2025, S&P, Moody’s and Fitch downgraded certain of our ratings in part due to declines in our linear business, including as a result of the weak operating environment for linear networks, our leverage ratio, and an increase in secured debt and uncertainty in connection with the previously planned separation of Warner Bros.

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The 2017 Tax Cuts and Jobs Act features a participation exemption regime with current taxation of certain foreign income and imposed a mandatory repatriation toll tax on unremitted foreign earnings. As of December 31, 2025, the Company intends to remit certain previously undistributed foreign earnings to the United States. Accordingly, the Company has recorded deferred taxes for applicable foreign withholding associated with the expected remittance. The Company may continue to reinvest other foreign earnings outside of the United States. For those earnings, if any, that remain indefinitely reinvested, additional taxes would be recognized upon distribution. Determination of the amount of any unrecognized deferred income tax liability related to such earnings is not practicable.

MATERIAL CASH REQUIREMENTS FROM KNOWN CONTRACTUAL AND OTHER OBLIGATIONS

As of December 31, 2025, our significant contractual and other obligations were as follows (in millions).

Long-term Debt

Principal payments on long-term debt reflect the repayment of our outstanding senior notes and bridge loan, at face value, assuming repayment will occur upon maturity. Interest payments on our outstanding debt are projected based on their contractual interest rates and maturity dates.

Additionally, we have a multicurrency revolving Credit Agreement and have the capacity to borrow up to $4,000 million under the Credit Facility. We may also request additional commitments up to $1,000 million from the lenders upon the satisfaction of certain conditions. Additionally, our commercial paper program is supported by the Credit Facility. Under the commercial paper program, we may issue up to $2,000 million. Borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility is effectively reduced by any outstanding borrowings under the commercial paper program. As of December 31, 2025, we had no outstanding borrowings under the Credit Facility or the commercial paper program. (See Note 11 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Purchase Obligations

Content purchase obligations include commitments associated with third-party producers and sports associations for content that airs on our television networks and streaming services. Production and licensing contracts generally require the purchase of a specified number of episodes and payments during production or over the term of a license, and include both programs that have been delivered and are available for airing and programs that have not yet been produced or sporting events that have not yet taken place. If the content is ultimately never produced, our commitments expire without obligation. We expect to enter into additional production contracts and content licenses to meet our future content needs.

Other purchase obligations include agreements with certain vendors and suppliers for the purchase of goods and services whereby the underlying agreements are enforceable, legally binding and specify all significant terms. Significant purchase obligations include transmission services, television rating services, marketing commitments and research, equipment purchases, and information technology and other services. Some of these contracts do not require the purchase of fixed or minimum quantities and generally may be terminated with a 30-day to 60-day advance notice without penalty, and are not included in the table above past the 30-day to 60-day advance notice period. Other purchase obligations also include future funding commitments to equity method investees. Although the Company had funding commitments to equity method investees as of December 31, 2025, the Company may also provide uncommitted additional funding to its equity method investments in the future. (See Note 10 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Content and other purchase obligations presented above exclude liabilities recognized on our consolidated balance sheets.

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Finance Lease Obligations

We acquire satellite transponders and other equipment through multi-year finance lease arrangements. Principal payments on finance lease obligations reflect amounts due under our finance lease agreements. Interest payments on our outstanding finance lease obligations are based on the stated or implied rate in our finance lease agreements. (See Note 12 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Operating Lease Obligations

We obtain office space and equipment under multi-year lease arrangements. Most operating leases are not cancelable prior to their expiration. Payments for operating leases represent the amounts due under the agreements assuming the agreements are not canceled prior to their expiration. (See Note 12 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Pension and Other Employee Obligations

The Company participates in and/or sponsors a qualified defined benefit pension plan that covers certain U.S. based employees and several non-U.S. defined benefit pension plans (“Pension Plans”). The Company’s Pension Plans consist of both funded and unfunded plans. Plan provisions vary by plan and by country, and all plans are noncontributory. (See Note 17 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Contractual commitments include payments to meet minimum funding requirements of our Pension Plans in 2026 and estimated benefit payments. Benefit payments have been estimated over a ten-year period. While benefit payments under the Pension Plans are expected to continue beyond 2035, we believe it is not practicable to estimate payments beyond this period.

Other employee obligations are primarily related to employment agreements with creative talent for certain broadcast networks.

We are unable to reasonably predict the ultimate amount of any payments due to cash-settled share-based compensation awards. As of December 31, 2025, the current portion of the liability for cash-settled share-based compensation awards was $108 million.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

Although we can reasonably estimate the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits related to certain of the Company’s uncertain tax positions that may decrease over the next twelve months, we are unable to reasonably predict the ultimate amount and timing of cash settlement with the respective taxing authorities.

Six Flags Guarantee

In connection with the WarnerMedia Business’ former investment in the Six Flags (as defined below) theme parks located in Georgia and Texas (collectively, the “Parks”), in 1997, certain subsidiaries of the Company agreed to guarantee (the “Six Flags Guarantee”) certain obligations of the partnerships that hold the Parks (the “Partnerships”) for the benefit of the limited partners in such Partnerships, including annual payments made to the Parks or to the limited partners and additional obligations at the end of the respective terms for the Partnerships in 2027 and 2028 (the “Guaranteed Obligations”). Six Flags Entertainment Corporation (formerly known as Six Flags, Inc. and Premier Parks Inc.) (“Six Flags”), which has the controlling interest in the Parks, has agreed, pursuant to a subordinated indemnity agreement (the “Subordinated Indemnity Agreement”), to guarantee the performance of the Guaranteed Obligations when due and to indemnify the Company, among others, if the Six Flags Guarantee is called upon. If Six Flags defaults on its indemnification obligations, the Company has the right to acquire control of the managing partner of the Parks. Six Flags’ obligations to the Company are further secured by its interest in all limited partnership units held by Six Flags.

In December 2024, Six Flags provided notice of its exercise of the option related to the theme parks located in Georgia that requires the redemption of all the limited partnership units that Six Flags does not then own in the Georgia Partnership in January 2027. Pursuant to the exercise of the option, all of such outstanding limited partnership interests will be redeemed, and Six Flags will also acquire certain related entity general partnership and managing member interests. In January 2026, Six Flags declined to exercise its option related to the theme parks in Texas.

Based on the Company’s evaluation of the current facts and circumstances surrounding the Guaranteed Obligations and the Subordinated Indemnity Agreement, it is unable to predict the loss, if any, that may be incurred under the Guaranteed Obligations, and no liability for the arrangements has been recognized as of December 31, 2025. Because of the specific circumstances surrounding the arrangements and the fact that no active or observable market exists for this type of financial guarantee, the Company is unable to determine a current fair value for the Guaranteed Obligations and related Subordinated Indemnity Agreement. The aggregate gross undiscounted estimated future cash flow requirements covered by the Six Flags Guarantee over the remaining term (through 2028) are $590 million. To date, no payments have been made by the Company pursuant to the Six Flags Guarantee.

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Other Contingent Commitments

Other contingent commitments primarily include contingent payments for post-production term advance obligations on a certain co-financing arrangement, as well as operating lease commitment guarantees, letters of credit, bank guarantees, and surety bonds, which generally support performance and payments for a wide range of global contingent and firm obligations, including insurance, litigation appeals, real estate leases, and other operational needs. Our other contingent commitments at December 31, 2025 were $85 million.

Put Rights

We have granted put rights to certain consolidated subsidiaries, but we are unable to reasonably predict the ultimate amount or timing of any payment. We recorded the carrying value of the noncontrolling interest in the equity associated with the put rights as a component of redeemable noncontrolling interest in the amount of $19 million. (See Note 19 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.)

Noncontrolling Interest

The Food Network and Cooking Channel are operated and organized under the terms of the TV Food Network Partnership (the “Partnership”). We hold interests in the Partnership, along with another noncontrolling owner. The Partnership agreement specifies a dissolution date of December 31, 2026. If the term of the Partnership is not extended prior to that date, the Partnership agreement permits us, as holder of 80% of the applicable votes, to reconstitute the Partnership and continue its business. If for some reason the Partnership is not continued, it will be required to limit its activities to winding up, settling debts, liquidating assets and distributing proceeds to the partners in proportion to their partnership interests.

Summarized Guarantor Financial Information

Basis of Presentation

As of December 31, 2025, the Company has outstanding senior notes issued by Discovery Communications, LLC (“DCL”), which are guaranteed by the Company, Scripps Networks Interactive, Inc. (“Scripps Networks”), and Discovery Global Holdings, Inc. (“DGH”) (formerly known as WarnerMedia Holdings, Inc.); senior notes issued by DGH, which are guaranteed by the Company, Scripps Networks, and DCL; and senior notes issued by the legacy WarnerMedia Business (not guaranteed). (See Note 11 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.) DCL, Scripps Networks, and DGH are wholly owned by the Company.

The tables below present the summarized financial information as combined for Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. (the “Parent”), Scripps Networks, DCL, and DGH (collectively, the “Obligors”). All guarantees of DCL and DGH’s senior notes (the “Note Guarantees”) are full and unconditional, joint and several and unsecured, and cover all payment obligations arising under the senior notes.

Note Guarantees issued by Scripps Networks, DCL or DGH, or any subsidiary of the Parent that in the future issues a Note Guarantee (each, a “Subsidiary Guarantor”) may be released and discharged (i) concurrently with any direct or indirect sale or disposition of such Subsidiary Guarantor or any interest therein, (ii) at any time that such Subsidiary Guarantor is released from all of its obligations under its guarantee of payment, (iii) upon the merger or consolidation of any Subsidiary Guarantor with and into DCL, DGH or the Parent or another Subsidiary Guarantor, as applicable, or upon the liquidation of such Subsidiary Guarantor and (iv) other customary events constituting a discharge of the Obligors’ obligations.

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Summarized Financial Information

The Company has included the accompanying summarized combined financial information of the Obligors after the elimination of intercompany transactions and balances among the Obligors and the elimination of equity in earnings from and investments in any subsidiary of the Parent that is a non-guarantor (in millions).

Additional information regarding the changes in our outstanding indebtedness and the significant terms and provisions of our revolving credit facility and outstanding indebtedness is discussed in Note 11 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In the ordinary course of business, we enter into transactions with related parties, such as our equity method investees, entities that share common directorship, or minority partners of consolidated subsidiaries. Information regarding transactions and amounts with related parties is discussed in Note 21 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

NEW ACCOUNTING AND REPORTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

We adopted certain accounting and reporting standards during 2025. Information regarding our adoption of new accounting and reporting standards is discussed in Note 2 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Supplemental Data for Results of Operations

The following table presents supplemental consolidating data for our Streaming & Studios division, Global Linear Networks reportable segment, Corporate, and consolidating adjustments.

Consolidated - Represents the consolidated results of operations of the Company and its subsidiaries.

Streaming & Studios - Represents the results of our Streaming & Studios division, which includes our Streaming and Studios reportable segments and eliminations between those two reportable segments.

Global Linear Networks - Represents the results of our Global Linear Networks reportable segment.

Corporate - Represents the results of our Corporate functions.

Consolidating adjustments - Represents eliminations between the Streaming & Studios division and the Global Linear Networks reportable segment, as well as other Corporate eliminations.

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CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires management to make estimates, judgments and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.

On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and assumptions, including those related to unrecognized tax benefits, goodwill and intangible assets, content rights, consolidation, and revenue recognition. We base our estimates on historical experience, current developments and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under these circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about carrying values of assets and liabilities that cannot readily be determined from other sources. There can be no assurance that actual results will not differ from those estimates.

Management considers an accounting estimate to be critical if it required assumptions to be made that were uncertain at the time the estimate was made and changes in the estimate or different estimates could have a material effect on our results of operations.

The development and selection of these critical accounting estimates have been determined by management and the related disclosures have been reviewed with the Audit Committee. We believe the following accounting estimates are critical to our business operations and the understanding of our results of operations and involve the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.

Uncertain Tax Positions

We are subject to income taxes in numerous U.S. and foreign jurisdictions. From time to time, we engage in transactions or take filing positions in which the tax consequences may be uncertain and may recognize tax liabilities based on estimates of whether additional taxes and interest will be due. We establish a reserve for unrecognized tax benefits unless we determine that such positions are more likely than not to be sustained upon examination based on their technical merits, including the resolution of any appeals or litigation processes. We include interest and where appropriate, potential penalties, as a component of income tax expense on the consolidated statements of operations. This assessment relies on estimates and assumptions and may involve a series of complex judgments about future events including the status and results of income tax audits with the relevant tax authorities. Significant judgment is exercised in evaluating all relevant information, the technical merits of the tax positions, and the accurate measurement of unrecognized tax benefits when determining the amount of reserve and whether positions taken on our tax returns are more likely than not to be sustained. This also involves the use of significant estimates and assumptions with respect to the potential outcome of positions taken on tax returns that may be reviewed by tax authorities.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill is allocated to our reporting units, which are our operating segments or one level below our operating segments (the component level). Reporting units are determined by the discrete financial information available for the component and whether it is regularly reviewed by segment management. Components are aggregated into a single reporting unit if they share similar economic characteristics. Our reporting units are Streaming, Studios, and Global Linear Networks.

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We evaluate our goodwill for impairment annually as of October 1 or earlier upon the occurrence of substantive unfavorable changes in economic conditions, industry trends, costs, cash flows, or ongoing declines in market capitalization. If we believe that as a result of our qualitative assessment it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is greater than its carrying amount, a quantitative impairment test is required. The quantitative impairment test requires significant judgment in determining the fair value of the reporting units. We determine the fair value of our reporting units by using a combination of the income approach, which incorporates the use of the discounted cash flow (“DCF”) method and the market multiple approach, which incorporates the use of EBITDA and revenue multiples based on market data. For the DCF method, we use projections specific to the reporting unit, as well as those based on general economic conditions, which require the use of significant estimates and assumptions. Determining fair value specific to each reporting unit requires us to exercise judgment when selecting the appropriate discount rates, control premiums, terminal growth rates, relevant comparable company earnings multiples and the amount and timing of expected future cash flows, including revenue growth rates and profit margins. The cash flows employed in the DCF analysis for each reporting unit are based on the reporting unit’s budget, long range plan, and recent operating performance. Discount rate assumptions are based on an assessment of the risk inherent in the future cash flows of the respective reporting unit and market conditions.

2025 Impairment Analysis

For the 2025 annual impairment test, we performed a qualitative goodwill impairment assessment for all of our reporting units and determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying value, therefore, no quantitative goodwill impairment analysis was performed.

We continue to monitor our reporting units for triggers that could impact the recoverability of goodwill. Long-term trends and risks we are monitoring in our ongoing assessment include, but are not limited to, the following:

•the delta between market capitalization and book value, as well as volatility or declines in the price of our common stock, including any impact from the PSKY Merger;

•uncertainty related to affiliate rights renewals associated with our Global Linear Networks and Streaming reporting units;

•declining levels of global GDP growth and continued softness in the U.S. linear advertising market associated with our Global Linear Networks reporting unit;

•increased competition for advertising expenditures associated with our Global Linear Networks and Streaming reporting units as a result of an increase in digital advertising inventory available in the marketplace;

•uncertainty surrounding the impacts related to the imposition of tariffs by the U.S. government and any retaliatory tariffs from foreign governments;

•content licensing trends and volatility related to the performance of theatrical film and game slates in our Studios reporting unit; and

•risks in executing the projected growth strategies of our Streaming reporting unit.

Content Rights

We capitalize the costs to produce or acquire feature films and television programs, and we amortize costs and test for impairment based on whether the content is predominantly monetized individually, or as a group.

For films and television programs predominantly monetized individually, the amount of capitalized film and television production costs (net of incentives and co-financing partner contributions) amortized and the amount of participations and residuals to be recognized as expense in a particular period are determined using the individual film forecast method. Under this method, the amortization of capitalized costs and the accrual of participations and residuals are based on the proportion of the film’s or television program’s revenues recognized for such period to the film’s or television program’s estimated remaining ultimate revenues (i.e., the total revenue to be received throughout a film’s or television program’s remaining life cycle).

For theatrical films, which are monetized on an individual basis, the process of estimating ultimate revenues requires us to make a series of judgments related to future revenue-generating activities associated with a particular film. Prior to the theatrical release of a film, our estimates are based on factors such as the historical performance of similar films, the star power of the lead actors, the rating and genre of the film, pre-release market research (including test market screenings), international distribution plans, and the expected number of theaters in which the film will be released. Subsequent to release, ultimate revenues are updated to reflect initial performance, which is often predictive of future performance.

For television programs that are monetized on an individual basis, ultimate revenues are estimated based on factors including the performance of similar programs in each applicable market, firm commitments in hand from customers that license the program in the future, and the popularity of the program in its initial markets.

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For a film or television program that is predominantly monetized on its own but also monetized with other films and/or programs (such as on our streaming or linear services), we make a reasonable estimate of the value attributable to the film or program’s exploitation while monetized with other films/programs, based on relative market rates, and expense such costs as the film or television program is exhibited.

Ultimates for content monetized on an individual basis are reviewed and updated (as applicable) on a quarterly basis; any adjustments are applied prospectively as of the beginning of the fiscal year of the change.

For programs monetized as a group, including licensed programming, amortization expense for network programs is generally based on projected usage, generally resulting in an accelerated or straight-line amortization pattern. Adjustments for projected usage are applied prospectively in the period of the change. Streaming and premium pay-TV content amortization is based on estimated viewing patterns, as there are generally limited to no direct revenues to associate to the individual content assets for premium pay-TV. As such, viewership is most representative of the use of the title.

Judgment is required to determine the useful lives and amortization patterns of our content assets that are predominantly monetized as a group. Critical assumptions include: (i) the grouping of content with similar characteristics, (ii) the application of a quantitative revenue forecast model or historical viewership model based on the adequacy of historical data, and (iii) determining the appropriate historical periods to utilize and the relative weighting of those historical periods in the forecast model. We then consider the appropriate application of the quantitative assessment given forecasted content use, expected content investment and market trends. Content use and future revenues may differ from estimates based on changes in expectations related to market acceptance, network affiliate fee rates, advertising demand, the number of subscribers receiving our networks, the number of subscribers to our streaming services, and program usage. Accordingly, we review our estimates and planned usage at least quarterly and revise our assumptions if necessary.

Consolidation

We have ownership and other interests in and contractual arrangements with various entities, including corporations, partnerships, and limited liability companies. For each such entity, we evaluate our ownership, other interests and contractual arrangements to determine whether we should consolidate the entity or account for its interest as an investment at inception and upon reconsideration events. As part of its evaluation, we initially determine whether the entity is a variable interest entity (“VIE”). Management evaluates key considerations through a qualitative and quantitative analysis in determining whether an entity is a VIE including whether (i) the entity has sufficient equity to finance its activities without additional financial support from other parties, (ii) the ability or inability to make significant decisions about the entity’s operations, and (iii) the proportionality of voting rights of investors relative to their obligations to absorb the expected losses (or receive the expected returns) of the entity. If the entity is a VIE and if we have a variable interest in the entity, we use judgment in determining if we are the primary beneficiary and are thus required to consolidate the entity. In making this determination, we evaluate whether we or another party involved with the VIE (1) has the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance and (2) has the obligation to absorb losses of or receive benefits from the VIE that could be significant to the VIE.

If it is concluded that an entity is not a VIE, we consider our proportional voting interests in the entity and consolidate majority-owned subsidiaries in which a controlling financial interest is maintained. A controlling financial interest is determined by majority ownership and the absence of substantive third-party participation rights. Key factors we consider in determining the presence of substantive third-party participation rights include, but are not limited to, control of the board of directors, budget approval or veto rights, or operational rights that significantly impact the economic performance of the business such as programming, creative development, marketing, and selection of key personnel. Ownership interests in unconsolidated entities for which we have significant influence are accounted for as equity method.

We evaluated reconsideration events during the year ended December 31, 2025 and concluded there were no changes to our consolidation assessments.

Revenue Recognition

As described in Note 2, revenue is recognized upon transfer of control of promised services or goods to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that we expect to receive in exchange for those services or goods. Significant estimates and judgments are applied in determining the timing of revenue recognition for certain types of transactions, such as bundled arrangements for advertising sales and content licensing arrangements.

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A substantial portion of the linear and digital advertising contracts in the U.S. and certain international markets guarantee the advertiser a minimum audience level that either the program in which their advertisements are aired or the advertisement will reach. These advertising campaigns are considered to represent a single, distinct performance obligation. For such contracts, judgment is required in measuring progress across our single performance obligation. Various factors such as pricing specific to the channel, daypart and targeted demographic, as well as audience guarantees, are considered in determining how to appropriately measure progress across the campaigns. Revenues are ultimately recognized based on the guaranteed audience level delivered multiplied by the average price per impression.

Our content licensing arrangements often include fixed license fees from the licensing of feature films and television programs in the off-network cable, premium pay, syndication, streaming, and international television and streaming markets. For arrangements that include multiple titles and/or staggered availabilities across geographical regions, the availability of each title and/or each region is considered a separate performance obligation, and the fixed fee is allocated to each title/region based on comparable market rates and recognized as revenue when the title is available for use by the licensee.

See Item 1A, “Risk Factors” for details on significant risks that could impact our ability to successfully grow our cash flows. For an in-depth discussion of each of our significant accounting policies, including our critical accounting policies and further information regarding estimates and assumptions involved in their application, see Note 2 to the accompanying consolidated financial statements included in Item 8, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.