DOVER Corp (DOV)

Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Refer to the section below entitled "Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" for a discussion of factors that could cause our actual results to differ from the forward-looking statements contained below and throughout this quarterly report.

Throughout this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A"), we refer to measures used by management to evaluate performance, including a number of financial measures that are not defined under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). Please see "Non-GAAP Disclosures" at the end of this Item 2 for further detail on these financial measures. We believe these measures provide investors with important information that is useful in understanding our business results and trends. Reconciliations within this MD&A provide more details on the use and derivation of these measures.

OVERVIEW

Dover is a diversified global manufacturer and solutions provider delivering innovative equipment and components, consumable supplies, aftermarket parts, software and digital solutions, and support services through five operating segments: Engineered Products, Clean Energy & Fueling, Imaging & Identification, Pumps & Process Solutions, and Climate & Sustainability Technologies. The Company's entrepreneurial business model encourages, promotes and fosters deep customer engagement and collaboration, which has led to Dover's well-established and valued reputation for providing superior customer service and industry-leading product innovation. Unless the context indicates otherwise, references herein to "Dover," "the Company," and words such as "we," "us," or "our" include Dover Corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.

Dover's five operating segments are as follows:

•Our Engineered Products segment provides a wide range of equipment, components, software, solutions and services to the vehicle aftermarket, aerospace and defense, industrial winch and hoist, precision soldering and fluid dispensing end-markets.

•Our Clean Energy & Fueling segment provides components, equipment, software solutions and services enabling safe and reliable storage, transport, dispensing, and remote monitoring of traditional and clean fuels (including liquefied natural gas, hydrogen, and electric vehicle charging), cryogenic gases, and other hazardous substances along the supply chain, and safe and efficient operation of convenience retail, retail fueling and vehicle wash establishments.

•Our Imaging & Identification segment supplies precision marking and coding, product traceability, brand protection and digital textile printing equipment, as well as related consumables, software and services to the global packaged and consumer goods, pharmaceutical, industrial manufacturing, textile and other end-markets.

•Our Pumps & Process Solutions segment manufactures specialty pumps and flow meters, fluid transfer connectors, highly engineered precision components, instruments and digital controls for rotating and reciprocating machines, polymer processing equipment, measurement, inspection, and control technologies, serving single-use biopharmaceutical production, diversified industrial manufacturing applications, chemical production, plastics and polymer processing, midstream and downstream oil and gas, clean energy markets, thermal management, wire and cable, food and beverage, semiconductor production and medical applications and other end-markets.

•Our Climate & Sustainability Technologies segment is a provider of innovative and energy-efficient equipment, components, solutions, services and parts for the commercial refrigeration, heating and cooling and beverage can-making equipment end-markets.

In the second quarter of 2026, revenue was $2.2 billion, which increased $140.4 million, or 6.9%, as compared to the second quarter of 2025. This increase was driven by organic revenue growth of 4.8%, acquisition-related revenue growth of 1.2%, and a favorable impact from foreign currency translation of 0.9%. Revenue growth was primarily led by robust demand in our secular-growth-exposed end markets as well as broad-based, constructive trading conditions across most of our businesses. The acquisition-related growth was primarily driven by our acquisitions in the Pumps & Process Solutions segment.

The 4.8% organic revenue growth for the second quarter of 2026 was driven by increases across all of our segments. For further information, see "Segment Results of Operations" within this Item 2.

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From a geographic perspective, organic revenue for the U.S., our largest market, increased 7.9% in the second quarter of 2026 compared to the prior year comparable quarter, primarily driven by an increase in organic revenue in the Clean Energy & Fueling, Climate & Sustainability Technologies, and Pumps & Process Solutions segments. Organic revenue increased for the Other Americas and Asia by 8.8% and 8.5%, respectively, and decreased for Europe and all other geographic markets by 5.0%, and 0.9%, respectively.

Bookings were $2.3 billion for the three months ended June 30, 2026, an increase of $322.8 million or 16.1% compared to the prior year comparable quarter. Bookings increased across all segments and most notably in the Climate & Sustainability Technologies segment.

Restructuring and other costs for the three months ended June 30, 2026 were $24.6 million, which included restructuring charges of $17.0 million and other costs of $7.6 million. Restructuring and other costs were primarily related to headcount reductions and exit costs in the Climate & Sustainability Technologies and Engineered Products segments. For further discussion related to our restructuring and other costs, see "Restructuring and Other Costs (Benefits)," within this Item 2.

During the three months ended June 30, 2026, the Company received a total of 153,652 shares upon completion of the $500.0 million accelerated repurchase program (the "ASR Program"), totaling 2,487,662. The total number of shares repurchased was based on the average of the daily volume-weighted average share price of Dover's common stock during the calculation period of the ASR Program, less a discount, which was $200.99.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

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Revenue

Revenue for the three months ended June 30, 2026 increased $140.4 million, or 6.9%, from the prior year comparable quarter. The increase in revenue was driven by organic revenue growth of 4.8%, with organic growth across all five segments, acquisition-related growth of 1.2%, and a favorable impact from foreign currency translation of 0.9%. Customer pricing favorably impacted revenue by approximately 2.2% in the second quarter of 2026 and by 1.9% in the prior year comparable quarter.

Revenue for the six months ended June 30, 2026 increased $328.0 million, or 8.4%, from the prior year comparable period. The increase in revenue was driven by organic revenue growth of 5.0%, primarily in our Clean Energy & Fueling and Climate & Sustainability Technologies segments, a favorable impact from foreign currency translation of 1.9%, and acquisition-related growth of 1.5%, primarily in our Pumps & Process Solutions segment. Customer pricing favorably impacted revenue by approximately 2.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and by 1.6% in the prior year comparable period.

Gross Profit

Gross profit for the three months ended June 30, 2026 increased $62.3 million, or 7.6%, and gross profit margin increased 30 basis points to 40.2%, versus the prior year comparable quarter. The gross profit margin increase was primarily driven by favorable price versus cost dynamics, operating leverage from volume growth and benefits from restructuring actions.

Gross profit for the six months ended June 30, 2026 increased $115.0 million, or 7.4%, and gross profit margin decreased by 30 basis points to 39.6%, from the prior year comparable period. The gross profit margin decrease was due to an unfavorable portfolio mix, partially offset by productivity initiatives and benefits from restructuring actions.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended June 30, 2026 increased $25.2 million, or 5.4%, from the prior year comparable quarter, primarily due to increases in employee compensation and benefits. As a percentage of revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased 30 basis points as compared to the prior year comparable quarter to 22.3%.

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the six months ended June 30, 2026 increased $68.2 million, or 7.5%, from the prior year comparable period, primarily due to increased employee compensation and benefits. Selling, general and administrative expenses as a percentage of revenue decreased 20 basis points as compared to the prior year comparable period to 23.1%.

Research and development costs, including qualifying engineering costs, are expensed when incurred and amounted to $40.4 million and $40.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively, and $80.0 million and $78.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2026 and 2025, respectively. The costs as a percentage of revenue were 1.8% and 1.9% for the three and six months ended June 30, 2026, respectively, and 2.0% for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2025.

Non-Operating It

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ("MD&A") is intended to help the reader understand our results of operations and financial condition for the year ended December 31, 2025. The MD&A should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and Notes included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those discussed elsewhere in this Form 10-K, particularly in Item 1A. "Risk Factors" and in the "Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements" preceding Part I of this Form 10-K. For more information regarding our consolidated results, segment results, and liquidity and capital resources for the year ended December 31, 2024 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2023 refer to Part II Item 7 "Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" in the Company's 2024 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Throughout this MD&A, we refer to measures used by management to evaluate performance, including a number of financial measures that are not defined under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America ("GAAP"). Please see "Non-GAAP Disclosures" at the end of this Item 7 for further detail on these financial measures. We believe these measures provide investors with important information that is useful in understanding our business results and trends. Reconciliations within this MD&A provide more details on the use and derivation of these measures.

OVERVIEW

Dover Corporation is a diversified global manufacturer and solutions provider delivering innovative equipment and components, consumable supplies, aftermarket parts, software and digital solutions and support services.

For the year ended December 31, 2025, consolidated revenue was $8.1 billion, an increase of $346.7 million or 4.5%, as compared to the prior year. The increase is driven by acquisition-related growth of 2.6%, organic revenue growth of 1.6% and a favorable impact from foreign currency translation of 1.0%, partially offset by a disposition-related decline of 0.7%. The results were primarily driven by robust trends in our secular-growth-exposed end markets, strategic pricing initiatives and acquisitions within the Clean Energy & Fueling and Pumps & Process Solutions segments.

The 1.6% organic revenue growth was driven by increases of 6.7%, 4.6%, and 1.9% in our Pumps & Process Solutions, Clean Energy & Fueling, and Imaging & Identification segments, respectively, partially offset by the Engineered Products and Climate & Sustainability Technologies segments which declined 6.6% and 2.1%, respectively. For further information, see "Segment Results of Operations" within this Item 7.

From a geographic perspective, organic revenue for the U.S., our largest market, grew 3.3% as compared to the prior year, driven by broad-based growth primarily in our Clean Energy & Fueling and Pumps & Process Solutions segments. Organic revenue in Asia grew 3.4%, while organic revenue in Europe and Other Americas declined 0.9% and 4.3%, respectively. All other geographic markets grew 0.7% organically year over year.

Bookings increased 6.0% over the prior year to $8.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2025. The bookings increase was broad-based across the portfolio, with each segment except Engineered Products posting year-over-year growth.

Restructuring and other costs of $78.0 million included restructuring charges of $56.7 million and other costs of $21.2 million. Restructuring and other costs were primarily related to exit costs and headcount reductions across all segments, most notably within the Climate & Sustainability Technologies and Clean Energy & Fueling segments. Other costs (benefits) include $4.0 million in costs associated with a product line exit and $6.3 million in costs associated with a footprint reduction, both in our Climate & Sustainability Technologies segment. For further discussion related to our restructuring and other costs, see "Restructuring and Other Costs (Benefits)," within this Item 7.

During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company completed four business acquisitions totaling $665.3 million, net of cash acquired and inclusive of contingent consideration and measurement period adjustments. See Note 3 — Acquisitions in the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for further details regarding the businesses acquired during the year.

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On November 10, 2025, the Company entered into the 2025 ASR Agreement, a $500.0 million accelerated share repurchase agreement with JP Morgan to repurchase its shares under the 2025 ASR Program. The Company funded the 2025 ASR Program with cash on hand. Under the terms of the 2025 ASR Agreement, the Company paid JP Morgan $500.0 million on November 12, 2025, and on that date received initial delivery of 2,334,010 shares, representing a substantial majority of the shares expected to be retired over the course of the 2025 ASR Program. See Note 21 — Stockholders' Equity in the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for further details.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

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Revenue

Revenue for the year ended December 31, 2025 increased $346.7 million, or 4.5%, to $8.1 billion compared with 2024. Organic revenue growth of 1.6% is primarily driven by robust trends in our secular-growth-exposed end markets and above and below-ground retail fueling and pricing actions, partially offset by lower volumes in our vehicle service business and project timing in retail refrigeration equipment and services. The increase in revenue was also driven by acquisition-related growth of 2.6% primarily in our Pumps & Process Solutions and Clean Energy & Fueling segments and a favorable impact from foreign currency translation of 1.0%, partially offset by a disposition-related decline of 0.7% in our Engineered Products segment. Customer pricing favorably impacted revenue in 2025 by approximately 1.9% and by 1.6% in the prior year.

Gross Profit

Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2025, increased $259.5 million, or 8.8%, to $3.2 billion compared with 2024, primarily driven by favorable price versus cost dynamics, volume growth, product mix, and productivity actions. Gross profit margin increased 160 basis points to 39.8% as compared to the prior year driven by favorable price versus cost dynamics, productivity initiatives, favorable portfolio mix and benefits from restructuring actions.

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Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2025 increased $92.5 million, or 5.3% to $1.8 billion compared with 2024, primarily due to increased employee compensation and benefits and acquisition-related amortization. As a percentage of revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses increased 20 basis points to 22.8%.

Research and development costs, including qualifying engineering costs, are expensed when incurred and amounted to $165.3 million and $149.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2025, and 2024, respectively. These costs as a percent of revenue were 2.0% and 1.9% for the years December 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

Non-Operating Items

Interest Expense, net

For the year ended December 31, 2025, interest expense, net of interest income, decreased $57.3 million, or 60.9%, to $36.7 million compared with 2024 primarily driven by higher interest income generated by the investment of proceeds from the sale of Environmental Solutions Group ("ESG") held in highly liquid short-term investments and reduced interest expense resulting from a lack of commercial paper borrowings.

Gain on Dispositions

Gain on dispositions for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 were $4.6 million and $597.8 million, respectively. The gain on dispositions for the year ended December 31, 2024 was driven by the sale of the De-Sta-Co business on March 31, 2024 and the sale of a minority owned equity method investment on September 30, 2024. See Note 4 — Discontinued and Disposed Operations in the consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for further details.

Other Income, net

Other income, net includes non-service pension benefit, deferred compensation plan investments gain or loss, earnings or charges from equity method investments, foreign exchange gain or loss, and various other items. Other income, net for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 was $33.0 million and $46.9 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2025, other income decreased compared to 2024 primarily due to decreased deferred compensation plan investment gain, decreased earnings from our equity method investments and foreign currency exchange loss.

Income Taxes

Our businesses have a global presence with 38.6% and 35.8% of our pre-tax earnings in 2025 and 2024, respectively, generated in foreign jurisdictions. Foreign earnings are generally subject to local country tax rates that differ from the 21.0% U.S. statutory tax rate.

Our effective tax rate was 20.1% for the year ended December 31, 2025, compared to 20.3% for the year ended December 31, 2024. Our effective tax rate differs from the U.S. statutory tax rate primarily driven by mix of earnings and reorganizations.

On July 4, 2025, the One Big Beautiful Bill was enacted into law, introducing changes to the U.S. tax code, including making permanent certain provisions originally enacted under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, such as 100% bonus depreciation and the immediate expensing of domestic research and development costs. The changes do not have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements.

The Company is continuing to monitor the changes in tax laws resulting from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s multi-jurisdictional plan of action to address base erosion and profit shifting. The changes do not have a material impact on our effective tax rate.

See Note 14 — Income Taxes in the consolidated fi

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